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The development of numerical abilities was examined in three groups of 5 year-olds: one including 13 children accomplishing a numerical training in pencil-and-paper format (EG1); another group including 21 children accomplished a homologous training in computerized format; the remaining 24 children were assigned to the control group (CG). The participants were assessed at three successive times (t0, t1 and t2) with a battery of validated tests assessing numerical abilities and fluid intelligence. At times t1 and t2 we found differences between experimental groups and CG, while the children's abilities in the two experimental groups were similar. We underline the crucial role of pre-syntactical and counting dimensions, accounting for a distinction between the experimental groups and control. Results are discussed with reference to the relevance for training activities of the presentation format (pencil-and-paper versus computer-assisted). Pragmatical and practical implications are also considered. [For the full proceedings, see ED562093.]

Gaming activities are an integral part of the human learning process, in particular for children. Game-based learning focuses on motivation and children's engagement towards learning. Educational game-based activities are becoming effective strategies to enhance the learning process. This paper presents an educational activity focusing to merge mobile computing devices and Augmented Reality, as a means to engage student in collaborative learning towards the Aesthetical Periods of Music History. The Musical Peddy-paper proposes student to use their mobile computing devices (smartphones/ tablets) to find eight stations scattered in a set location, and then use their music literacy skills to find the correct answer in each station. Collaborative work is required to find the stations and the answers to the clues. The musical Peddy-paper was developed mixing Geo-location and Augmented Reality concepts. Geo-location Points of Interest (POI's) where set through Hoppala platform. Augmented Reality browsing and QRCode reading is supported by the LAYAR platform. In this paper, we introduce the concept of game-based activities as a tool to promote motivation and engagement towards learning, and fully explain the development process of the activity. We conclude this paper presenting the conclusions contemplating the use of this activity among a group of children from the 2nd Cycle of Basic Education in Basic School Maria Manuela de Sá, Matosinhos-Portugal. [For the complete proceedings, see ED557311.]

A system was developed for automatic generation of problems and solutions for examinations in a university distance course in discrete mathematics and tested in a pilot experiment involving 200 students. Considering the success of such systems in the past, particularly including automatic assessment, it should not take long before such systems are widely used in higher mathematics education. The goal of this paper is to encourage such development by sharing some of the experience that was gained along the way in the implementation and application of such system. [For the full proceedings, see ED562127.]

A novel course concept to enable master's degree students to acquire research skills is described as an experience report. A hybrid, inquiry-based format was developed to simulate each phase of writing and presenting a research paper at a scientific conference. Students self-organized into groups to conduct each phase of the research process to conduct a research project for a scientific topic, bionic computation. Weekly group meetings with the instructor were conducted via video conference. Students learned to formulate research questions, write abstracts, acquire experimental data and evaluate open-source libraries and tools to build their own experimental models. An in-house, mini-conference was held in person, in which each group held a presentation of their work. At the end of the semester, a retrospective was held to reflect on students' experiences and summarize the lessons they have learned. After the course, slight majority of the students stated that they could imagine writing a paper about their master's theses and taking part in a real conference. [For the full proceedings, see ED636095.]

"A ubiquitous English vocabulary learning system: evidence of active/passive attitudes vs. usefulness/ease-of-use" introduces and develops "Ubiquitous English Vocabulary Learning" (UEFL) system. It introduces to the memorization using the video clips. According to their paper the video clip gives a better chance for students to memorize vocabulary. There are few positive aspects on the paper. Firstly, how they brought entertainment with the learning was interesting. Secondly, the use of "Near-Synonyms and Similar-Looking (NSSL)" technology to help students memorizing was thoughtful and refreshing. However, the UEFL system could have been developed more efficiently and effectively, if it was approached differently. The developer/authors could have used the image instead of the video clip, and adding drawing pad for students to draw the image. Drawing the image is the blend of the visual memorization and the Bloom's taxonomy. Evaluation and creating are at the top of the learning process according to Bloom's taxonomy. By drawing the image, the evaluation and creating occurs which helps student to memorize vocabulary not only in the short-term memory system but also in the long-term memory system. The biggest potential that can be found in this program is how students can learn without realizing. Students can start the program because of the entertainment but the education occurs without students realizing their education. Therefore, the passive students can be also attracted to the education and turn into a active learner without knowing. [For the full proceedings, see ED562107.]

These proceedings contain the papers and posters of the 5th International Conference on Educational Technologies 2017 (ICEduTech 2017), which has been organised by the International Association for Development of the Information Society and co-organised by the Western Sydney University, held in Sydney, Australia, 11-13 December 2017. ICEduTech is the scientific conference addressing the real topics as seen by teachers, students, parents and school leaders. Scientists, professionals and institutional leaders are invited to be informed by experts, sharpen the understanding what education needs and how to achieve it. Full papers presented in these proceedings include: (1) Bibliometric Science Mapping as a Popular Trend: Chosen Examples of Visualisation of International Research Network Results (Eugenia Smyrnova-Trybulska, Nataliia Morze, Olena Kuzminska and Piet Kommers); (2) Optimize Knowledge Sharing, Team Effectiveness, and Individual Learning within the Flipped Team-Based Classroom (Chung-Kai Huang, Chun-Yu Lin, Zih-Cin Lin, Cui Wang and Chia-Jung Lin); (3) Design and Development of an Interactive Multimedia Simulation for Augmenting the Teaching and Learning of Programming Concepts (Leonah L. Baloyi, Sunday O. Ojo and Etienne A. Van Wyk); (4) Introducing Tablets in a Portuguese School: A Micool Project Case Study Analysis (Miriam Judge); (5) College Communicative Teaching and e-Learning: A Training Scheme (Charito G. Ong; (6) Tested Strategies for Recruiting and Retention of STEM Majors (Sadegh Davari, Sharon Perkins-Hall and Krishani Abeysekera); (7) Redesigning Learning Spaces: What do Teachers Want for Future Classrooms? (Neuza Pedro); (8) Peer Instructions and Use of Technological Tools. An Innovative Methodology for the Development of Meaningful Learning (Oriel A. Herrera and Patricia Mejías); (9) It Doesn't Matter What is in Their Hands: Understanding How Students Use Technology to Support, Enhance and Expand Their Learning in a Complex World (Peter Bryant); (10) A Comparative Study on Social Media Addiction of High School and University Students (Ali Simsek, Kemal Elciyar and Taner Kizilhan); (11) Computer Literacy Teaching Using Peer Learning and under the Confucian Heritage Cultural Settings of Macao, China (Kelvin Wong, Ana Neves and Joao Negreiros); (12) Applying Sensors to Investigate Gender Differences in Beginning Tennis Players (Chih-Hung Yu, Jye-Shyan Wang and Cheng-Chih Wu); (13) Using Arduino to Teach Programming to First-Year Computer Science Students (Wee Lum Tan, Sven Venema and Ruben Gonzalez); (14) Dimensions of Self-Perceived Employability in First Year IT Students (Amy Antonio and David Tuffley); (15) Challenges for a New Generation of STEM Students (Krishani Abeysekera, Sharon Perkins-Hall, Sadegh Davari and Amanda Smith Hackler); (16) Developing a Gesture-Based Game for Mentally Disabled People to Teach Basic Life Skills (Mohammad Javad Nazirzadeh, Kürsat Cagiltay and Necdet Karasu); (17) Learning Group Formation for Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) (Sankalp Prabhakar and Osmar R. Zaiane) and (18) ICE: An Automated Tool for Teaching Advanced C Programming (Ruben Gonzalez). Short papers presented include: (1) MOOC as a Laboratory of Culture Shock: Helping Non-U.S. Students Integrate into All-American Virtual Environment (Valeri Chukhlomin and Anant Deshpande); (2) The Use of Mobile Devices Outside of the Classroom for Self-Directed Learning among Female EFL Students in Saudi Arabia (Fatimah Albedah and Chwee Beng Lee); (3) Communication Scaffolds for Project Management in PBL (Shigeru Sasaki, Masayuki Arai, Kumiko Takai, Mitsuhiro Ogawa and Hiroyoshi Watanabe); (4) Digital Pedagogies for Teachers' CPD (Matthew Montebello); (5) Sensing Locally in the Global Environment: Using Sensors in Teachers' Education (Maria João Silva, António Almeida, Bianor Valente, Margarida Rodrigues and Vítor Manteigas); (6) The Use of a Digital Badge as an Indicator and a Motivator (Jun Iwata, John Telloyan, Lynne Murphy, Shudong Wang and John Clayton; (7) Exploring the Education Potential of Minecraft: The Case of 118 Elementary-School Students (Thierry Karsenti and Julien Bugmann); (8) Digital Story Creation: Its Impact towards Academic Performance (Charito G. Ong); and (9) Collaborative Peer Feedback (David A. Smith). Posters include: (1) A System for Class Reflection Using iPads for Real-Time Bookmarking of Feedbacks into Simultaneously Recorded Videos (Taira Nakajima); (2) Roles, Strategies, and Impact of MOOCs on Flipping Business Education (Chung-Kai Huang, Chun-Yu Lin, Zih-Cin Lin and Cui Wang); and (3) Gamifying Outdoor Social Inquiry Learning with Context-Aware Technology (Morris Siu-Yung Jong, Tom Chan, Vincent Tam and Ming-Tak Hue). Individual papers include references, and an Author Index is included.

These proceedings contain the papers of the 14th International Conference on Cognition and Exploratory Learning in the Digital Age (CELDA 2017), 18-20 October 2017, which has been organized by the International Association for Development of the Information Society (IADIS) and endorsed by the Japanese Society for Information and Systems in Education (JSISE). The CELDA 2017 Conference received 72 submissions from more than 25 countries. Out of the papers submitted, 27 were accepted as full papers for an acceptance rate of 38%; 23 were accepted as short papers and 2 were accepted as reflection papers. In addition to the presentation of full, short and reflection papers, the conference also includes one keynote presentation from an internationally distinguished researcher, "Classroom Orchestration: From Practical Tips to Formal Models" (Pierre Dillenbourg). Full papers include: (1) Are Learning Logs Related to Procrastination? From the Viewpoint of Self-Regulated Learning (Masanori Yamada, Misato Oi and Shin'ichi Konomi); (2) Asymmetry in the Perception of Friendship in Student Groups (Luigi Lancieri); (3) Exploring Teacher Use of an Online Forum to Develop Game-Based Learning Literacy (Amanda Barany, Mamta Shah and Aroutis Foster); (4) Educational Assessment of Students in Primary School in Tunisia (Wiem Ben Khalifa, Dalila Souilem and Mahmoud Neji); (5) Impact of Early Numeracy Training on Kindergartners from Middle-Income Families (Carla Meloni, Rachele Fanari, Andrea Bertucci and Sara Berretti); (6) 360 Degree Videos within a Climbing MOOC (Michael Gänsluckner, Martin Ebner and Isidor Kamrat); (7) Cultivating Students' Reading Literacy Using Digital Textile-Based Reading in a Chinese Primary School (Patricia Norte, Joao Negreiros and Ana Correia); (8) How to Flip a Classroom and Improve Student Learning and Engagement: The Case of PSYC1030 (Pedro Isaias, Blake McKimmie, Aneesha Bakharia, John Zornig and Anna Morris); (9) Early Numerical Competence and Number Line Task Performance in Kindergartners (Rachele Fanari, Carla Meloni and Davide Massidda); (10) Exploring the Impact of the Informational Value of Feedback Choices on Performance Outcomes in an Online Assessment Game (Maria Cutumisu); (11) Refining Presentation Documents with Presentation Schema (Yuki Obara and Akihiro Kashihara); (12) The Knowledge Development Model: Responding to the Changing Landscape of Learning in Virtual Environments (Nan B. Adams); (13) Mobile Learning Analytics in Higher Education: Usability Testing and Evaluation of an APP Prototype (Matthias Kuhnel, Luisa Seiler, Andrea Honal and Dirk Ifenthaler); (14) Digital Competence Model of Distance Learning Students (Ketia Kellen A. da Silva and Patricia A. Behar); (15) How Dispositional Learning Analytics Helps Understanding the Worked-Example Principle (Dirk Tempelaar); (16) Pushing Buttons: A Sociomaterial Exploration of the Distributed Lecture (Anna MacLeod, Paula Cameron, Olga Kits and Cathy Fournier); (17) Multimodal Teaching and Learning with the Use of Technology: Meanings, Practices and Discourses (Vasiliki Papageorgiou and Petros Lameras); (18) Contrasts in Openness toward Mobile Learning in the Classroom: A Study of Elementary, Middle and High School Teachers (Rhonda Christensen and Gerald Knezek); (19) Classification of Learning Styles in Virtual Learning Environment Using J48 Decision Tree (Renato R. Maaliw, III and Melvin A. Ballera); (20) Using Short Videos as Testing Elements in Skill Matching--Test Design in the SMART Project (Marc Beutner and Frederike Anna Rüscher); (21) I Might Not Be as Tech as You Think: Collegiate Print versus Digital Preferences (Joan Ann Swanson, Susan L. Renes and Anthony T. Strange); (22) A Visualization System for Predicting Learning Activities Using State Transition Graphs (Fumiya Okubo, Atsushi Shimada, Yuta Taniguchi and Shin'ichi Konomi); (23) OCRA, A Mobile Learning Prototype for Understanding Chemistry Concepts (Tenku Putri Norishah Tenku Shariman and Othman Talib); (24) Teaching Strategies and Methods in Modern Environments for Learning of Programming (Slobodanka Djenic and Jelena Mitic); (25) A Lecture Supporting System Based on Real-Time Learning Analytics (Atsushi Shimada and Shin'ichi Konomi); (26) Characteristics of Effective Pedagogical Strategies for Self-Regulated Learning in Technology-Enhanced Environments: Towards Improving Learning Outcome (Ian S. McGowan); and (27) Pseudo-Haptic Feedback for Promoting Narrative Comprehension (Kazuaki Umetsu and Akihiro Kashihara). Short papers include: (1) Development of a Support Application and a Textbook for Practicing Facial Expression Detection for Students with Visual Impairment (Hirotaka Saito, Akinobu Ando, Shota Itagaki, Taku Kawada, Darold Davis and Nobuyuki Nagai); (2) Teaching Media Design by Using Scrum. A Qualitative Study within a Media Informatics Elective Course (Ines Herrmann, Sander Münster, Vincent Tietz and Rainer Uhlemann); (3) An Architecture to Support Wearables in Education and Wellbeing (Fernando Luis-Ferreira, Andreia Artifice, Gary McManus and João Sarraipa); (4) Differentiated Learning Environment--A Classroom for Quadratic Equation, Function, and Graphs (Emre Dinç); (5) Leveraging the Affordances of Mobile Learning for Vocabulary Gains (Michael Bowles); (6) Towards a Framework of Using Knowledge Tools for Teaching by Solving Problems in Technology-Enhanced Learning Environment (Sergei Kostousov and Dmitry Kudryavtsev); (7) Exploring Students' Learning Journals with Web-Based Interactive Report Tool (Yuta Taniguchi, Fumiya Okubo, Atsushi Shimada and Shin'ichi Konomi); (8) The Framework of Intervention Engine Based on Learning Analytics (Muhittin Sahin and Halil Yurdugül); (9) On the Use of E-TPCK for Situated Teacher Professional Development (Maria Mama Timotheou, Andri Christodoulou and Charoula Angeli); (10) Narb-Based Analysis of Tweets Related to United Airlines Controversy: Learning Beyond the Media (Ananda Mitra); (11) Learners' and Teachers' Perceptions of Learning Analytics (LA): A Case Study of South Hampton Solent University (SSU) (Osama Khan); (12) Issues of IT-Professionals Training in Traditional Educational Process (Farid Eminov and Irina Golitsyna); (13) The Isolation Emotion: An Emotional Point of View on Teaming and Group Tools in E-Learning Environments (Tarek Boutefara and Latifa Mahdaoui); (14) Development of Critical Thinking with Metacognitive Regulation and Toulmin Model (Yasushi Gotoh); (15) A Preliminary Investigation into Parents' Concerns about Programming Education in Japanese Primary Schools (Yukiko Maruyama, Hiroko Kanoh and Kinya Adachi); (16) Designing Philadelphia Land Science as a Game to Promote Identity Exploration (Amanda Barany, Mamta Shah, Jessica Cellitti, Migela Duka, Zachari Swiecki, Amanda Evenstone, Hannah Kinley, Peter Quigley, David Williamson Shaffer and Aroutis Foster); (17) Juxtapose: An Exploration of Mobile Augmented Reality Collaborations and Professional Practices in a Creative Learning Environment (Darren Menorath and Laurent Antonczak); (18) Gender, Games and Space (Suzanne de Castell, Hector Larios and Jennifer Jenson); (19) The Contribution of Collective Intelligence for the Analysis of the Phenomenon of Students Overcrowding (Dikagma Bassagou and Luigi Lancieri); (20) Integrated Collaborative E-Learning for the Global Management Education in the 21st Century (Barbara W. K. Son); (21) Relations between Cognitive Resources and Two Types of Germane Load for Learning (Kazuhisa Miwa, Hitoshi Terai and Yosuke Mizuno); (22) A Framework for People Re-Identification in Multi-Camera Surveillance Systems (Sirine Ammar, Nizar Zaghden and Mahmoud Neji); and (23) Connecting the Dots: Linking Creativity, Synthesis Skills, and the Students' Anxiety about the Future (Ioan Susnea, Emilia Pecheanu, Luminita Dumitriu and Adina Cocu). The two reflection papers are: (1) Localising Content for an XMOOC in the UAE (Jenny Eppard and Preeya Reddy); and (2) Academic Reading on a Collaborative, Online Platform (Jenny Eppard and Preeya Reddy). An author index is included. Individual papers contain references.

These proceedings contain the papers and posters of the 13th International Conference on Mobile Learning 2017, which was organised by the International Association for Development of the Information Society (IADIS), in Budapest, Hungary, April 10-12, 2017. The Mobile Learning 2017 Conference seeks to provide a forum for the presentation and discussion of mobile learning research which illustrates developments in the field. Full papers presented in these proceedings include: (1) Design of a Prototype Mobile Application to Make Mathematics Education More Realistic (Dawid B. Jordaan, Dorothy J. Laubscher, and A. Seugnet Blignaut); (2) Tablets and Applications to Tell Mathematics' History in High School (Eduardo Jesus Dias, Carlos Fernando Araujo, Jr., and Marcos Andrei Ota); (3) Assessing the Potential of LevelUp as a Persuasive Technology for South African Learners (Nhlanhla A. Sibanyoni and Patricia M. Alexander); (4) #Gottacatchemall: Exploring Pokemon Go in Search of Learning Enhancement Objects (Annamaria Cacchione, Emma Procter-Legg, and Sobah Abbas Petersen); (5) A Framework for Flipped Learning (Jenny Eppard and Aicha Rochdi); (6) The Technology Acceptance of Mobile Applications in Education (Mark Anthony Camilleri and Adriana Caterina Camilleri); (7) Engaging Children in Diabetes Education through Mobile Games (Nilufar Baghaei, John Casey, David Nandigam, Abdolhossein Sarrafzadeh, and Ralph Maddison); (8) A Mobile Application for User Regulated Self-Assessments (Fotis Lazarinis, Vassilios S. Verykios, and Chris Panagiotakopoulos); and (9) Acceptance of Mobile Learning at SMEs of the Service Sector (Marc Beutner and Frederike Anna Rüscher). Short papers presented include: (1) Possible Potential of Facebook to Enhance Learners' Motivation in Mobile Learning Environment (Mehwish Raza); (2) D-Move: A Mobile Communication Based Delphi for Digital Natives to Support Embedded Research (Otto Petrovic); (3) Small Private Online Research: A Proposal for a Numerical Methods Course Based on Technology Use and Blended Learning (Francisco Javier Delgado Cepeda); (4) Experimenting with Support of Mobile Touch Devices for Pupils with Special Educational Needs (Vojtech Gybas, Katerina Kostolányová, and Libor Klubal); (5) Mobile Learning in the Theater Arts Classroom (Zihao Li); (6) Nomophobia: Is Smartphone Addiction a Genuine Risk for Mobile Learning? (Neil Davie and Tobias Hilber); (7) Analysis of Means for Building Context-Aware Recommendation System for Mobile Learning (Larysa Shcherbachenko and Samuel Nowakowski); (8) RunJumpCode: An Educational Game for Educating Programming (Matthew Hinds, Nilufar Baghaei, Pedrito Ragon, Jonathon Lambert, Tharindu Rajakaruna, Travers Houghton, and Simon Dacey); (9) Readiness for Mobile Learning: Multidisciplinary Cases from Yaroslavl State University (Vladimir Khryashchev, Natalia Kasatkina, and Dmitry Sokolenko); and (10) The M-Learning Experience of Language Learners in Informal Settings (Emine Sendurur, Esra Efendioglu, Neslihan Yondemir Çaliskan, Nomin Boldbaatar, Emine Kandin, and Sevinç Namazli). Reflection papers presented include: (1) New Model of Mobile Learning for the High School Students Preparing for the Unified State Exam (Airat Khasianov and Irina Shakhova); (2) Re-Ment--Reverse Mentoring as a Way to Deconstruct Gender Related Stereotypes in ICT (Kathrin Permoser); (3) Academic Success Foundation: Enhancing Academic Integrity through Mobile Learning (Alice Schmidt Hanbidge, Amanda Mackenzie, Nicole Sanderson, Kyle Scholz, and Tony Tin); (4) Using Tablet and iTunesU as Individualized Instruction Tools (Libor Klubal, Katerina Kostolányová, and Vojtech Gybas); (5) DuoLibras--An App Used for Teaching-Learning of Libras (Erick Nilson Sodré Filho, Lucas Gomes dos Santos, Aristóteles Esteves Marçal da Silva, Nidyana Rodrigues Miranda de Oliveira e Oliveira, Pedro Kislansky, and Marisete da Silva Andrade); (6) Educators Adopting M-Learning: Is It Sustainable in Higher Education? (Nicole Sanderson and Alice Schmidt Hanbidge); and (7) M-Kinyarwanda: Promoting Autonomous Language Learning through a Robust Mobile Application (Emmanuel Bikorimana, Joachim Rutayisire, Mwana Said Omar, and Yi Sun). Posters include: (1) Design of Mobile E-Books as a Teaching Tool for Diabetes Education (Sophie Huey-Ming Guo); and (2) Reading While Listening on Mobile Devices: An Innovative Approach to Enhance Reading (Aicha Rochdi and Jenny Eppard). The Doctoral Consortium includes: How Can Tablets Be Used for Meaning-Making and Learning (Liv Lofthus). Individual papers include references, and an Author Index is included.

What comes next in the field of academic e-learning? Which e-learning trends will dominate the discourse at universities? Answering such questions is the basis for the adaptation of service strategies and IT-infrastructures within institutions of Higher Education. The present paper therefore introduces methodology and findings of a trend study in the field of e-teaching. The overall interest of the study was the analysis of life stages and future potentials of e-learning innovations. A content analysis has been conducted based on 427 scientific articles of leading German-speaking e-learning conferences. Thus, e-learning trends and hypes in academic teaching have been identified and characterised. The following paper focusses on two things: on the one hand, existing academic concepts of trend research in the field of elearning will be discussed, and on the other hand, the above-mentioned study will be introduced. [For full proceedings, see ED557189.]

These proceedings contain the papers of the International Conference e-Learning 2016, which was organised by the International Association for Development of the Information Society, 1-3 July, 2016. This conference is part of the Multi Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems 2016, 1-4 July. The e-Learning (EL) 2016 conference aims to address the main issues of concern within e-Learning. This conference covers both technical as well as the non-technical aspects of e-Learning. These proceedings contain keynote lecture, "Twenty-First Century Skills, Technology and Open Learning: Re-Designing Teaching for the Digital Age" (Tony Bates) [abstract only] and workshop, "Making Sustainable Online Learning a Reality Informed by the Community of Inquiry Framework" (Susi Peacock and Lindesay Irvine). Full papers in these proceedings include: (1) Determining Factors of Students' Perceived Usefulness of e-Learning in Higher Education (Aleksander Aristovnik, Damijana Keržic, Nina Tomaževic and Lan Umek); (2) EvalCOMIX®: A Web-Based Programme to Support Collaboration in Assessment (María Soledad Ibarra-Sáiz and Gregorio Rodríguez-Gómez); (3) A Holistic Approach to Scoring in Complex Mobile Learning Scenarios (Marcel Gebbe, Matthias Teine and Marc Beutner); (4) Content Development for 72,000 Learners: An Online Learning Environment for General Practitioners. A Case Study (Dirk Pilat); (5) First Stages of Adult Students' Relationship to Scientific Knowing and Research in the Open University's Web-Based Methodology Course (Leena Isosomppi and Minna Maunula); (6) A Quantitative Analysis of the Role of Social Networks in Educational Contexts (Azam Shokri and Georgios Dafoulas); (7) Care Management: On Line-Based Approaches to Nurse Education in Ultrasound Imaging (Elena Taina Avramescu, Mitrache Marius and Adrian Camen); (8) Can e-Learning Change Work Practices? (Signe Schack Noesgaard); (9) A Practice of Mobile Learning Bases on Cloud Computing (Heng Wu and Zhong Dong); (10) Guidelines for Conducting a Post-Graduate Module within a Blended Synchonous Learning Environment, Facilitator and Student Perspectives (Christopher Upfold); (11) IT Tools in Initial Teacher Training (Dorin Herlo); (12) Application of a Reference Framework for Integration of Web Resources in DOLTRN--Case Study of Physics--Topic: Waves (Fabinton Sotelo Gomez and Armando Ordóñez); (13) Creating Micro-Videos to Demonstrate Technology Learning (Mark Frydenberg and Diana Andone); (14) An Analysis of Students Enrolled to an Undergraduate University Course Offered Also Online (Nello Scarabottolo); (15) How Do We Know What is Happening Online: A Triangulated Approach to Data Analysis (Marina Charalampidi and Michael Hammond); (16) Analysis of 3D Modeling Software Usage Patterns for K-12 Students (Yi-Chieh Wu, Wen-Hung Liao, Ming-Te Chi and Tsai-Yen Li); and (17) A Distributed Intelligent e-Learning System (Terje Kristensen). Short papers in these proceedings include: (1) Using Cognitive Maps to Promote Self-Managed Learning in Online Communities of Inquiry (Susi Peacock and John Cowan); (2) Automation in Distance Learning: An Empirical Study of Unlearning and Academic Identity Change Linked to Automation of Student Messaging within Distance Learning (Hilary Collins, Hayley Glover, Fran Myers and Mor Watson); (3) Developing the 1st MOOC of University of Porto: Challenges and Strategies (Isabel Martins, Nuno Regadas and Margarida Amaral); (4) Informal Language Learning in Authentic Setting, Using Mobile Devices and SNS (Ruthi Aladjem and Bibiana Jou); (5) Enhancing Third-Year Medical Clerkships: Using Mobile Technology for Teaching and Learning (Janette R. Hill, Michelle A. Nuss, Ronald M. Cervero, Julie K. Gaines and Bruce Middendorf); (6) Statistical Measures of Integrity in Online Testing: Empirical Study (Tom Wielicki); (7) The Complexities of Digital Storytelling: Factors Affecting Performance, Production, and Project Completion (Peter Gobel and Makimi Kano); (8) Collegewide Promotion on e-Learning/Active Learning and Faculty Development (Nobuyuki Ogawa and Akira Shimizu); (9) Training Portuguese Teachers Using Blended Learning--A Different Approach (Bertil P. Marques and Paula Escudeiro); (10) Gamify and Recognize Prior Learning: How to Succeed in Educators' Further Professional Training with Open Badges (Esko Lius); (11) How Do K-12 Students' Manage Applications on Their Mobile Devices? (Ruthi Aladjem and Sharon Hardof); (12) Digital Storytelling for Inclusive Education: An Experience in Initial Teacher Training (Marco Lazzari); and (13) Learning Factory--Assembling Learning Content with a Framework (Peter Steininger). Reflection papers in these proceedings include: (1) Equalizing Educational Opportunities by ICT (Ana María Delgado García and Blanca Torrubia Chalmeta); (2) The Acceptability of MOOC Certificates in the Workplace (Christina Banks and Edward Meinert); (3) Orchestration of Social Modes in e-Learning (Armin Weinberger and Pantelis M. Papadopoulos); (4) Information Competencies and Their Implementation in the Educational Process of Polish Universities. Exploratory Studies (Anna Tonakiewicz-Kolosowska, Iwona Socik and Monika Gajewska); (5) Virtual & Real Face to Face Teaching (Romeo Teneqexhi and Loreta Kuneshka); and (6) Virtual Scaffolding--Constructivism in Online Learning (Lachlan MacKinnon and Liz Bacon). The following poster is included: Active Learning Methods in Programming for Non-IT Students (Olga Mironova, Irina Amitan, Jüri Vilipõld and Merike Saar). An author index is included. Individual papers contain references.

These proceedings contain the papers of the 12th International Conference on Mobile Learning 2016, which was organized by the International Association for Development of the Information Society, in Vilamoura, Algarve, Portugal, April 9-11, 2016. The Mobile Learning 2016 Conference seeks to provide a forum for the presentation and discussion of mobile learning research which illustrate developments in the field. Full papers presented in these proceedings include: (1) Mobile Devices and Spatial Enactments of Learning: iPads in Lower Secondary Schools (Bente Meyer); (2) NetEnquiry--A Competitive Mobile Learning Approach for the Banking Sector (Marc Beutner, Matthias Teine, Marcel Gebbe and Lara Melissa Fortmann); (3) M-Learning Challenges in Teaching Crosscutting Themes in the Education of Young People and Adults (Marcos Andrei Ota and Carlos Fernando de Araujo Jr); (4) Mobile Learning: Pedagogical Strategies for Using Applications in the Classroom (Anna Helena Silveira Sonego, Leticia Rocha Machado, Cristina Alba Wildt Torrezzan and Patricia Alejandra Behar); (5) Experiencing a Mobile Game and its Impact on Teachers' Attitudes towards Mobile Learning (Hagit Meishar-Tal and Miky Ronen); (6) Exploring Mobile Affordances in the Digital Classroom (David Parsons, Herbert Thomas and Jocelyn Wishart); (7) Design, Development and Evaluation of a Field Learning Video Blog (Otto Petrovic); (8) Development and Evaluation of a Classroom Interaction System (Bingyi Cao, Margarita Esponda-Argüero and Raúl Rojas); (9) Visual Environment for Designing Interactive Learning Scenarios with Augmented Reality (José Miguel Mota, Iván Ruiz-Rube, Juan Manuel Dodero and Mauro Figueiredo); and (10) The Development of an Interactive Mathematics App for Mobile Learning (Mauro Figueiredo, Beata Godejord and José Rodrigues). Short papers presented include: (1) Conceptualizing an M-Learning System for Seniors (Matthias Teine and Marc Beutner); (2) Sensimotor Distractions when Learning with Mobile Phones on-the Move (Soledad Castellano and Inmaculada Arnedillo-Sánchez); (3) Personal Biometric Information from Wearable Technology Tracked and Followed Using an Eportfolio: A Case Study of eHealth literacy Development with Emerging Technology in Hong King Higher Education (Michele Notari, Tanja Sobko and Daniel Churchill); (4) An Initial Evaluation of Tablet Devices & What Are the Next Steps? (Tracey McKillen); (5) Information Literacy on the Go! Adding Mobile to an Age Old Challenge (Alice Schmidt Hanbidge, Nicole Sanderson and Tony Tin); (6) The Use of Digital Tools by Independent Music Teachers (Rena Upitis, Philip C. Abrami and Karen Boese); (7) Development of a Math Input Interface with Flick Operation for Mobile Devices (Yasuyuki Nakamura and Takahiro Nakahara); (8) Smartwatches as a Learning Tool: A Survey of Student Attitudes (Neil Davie and Tobias Hilber); and (9) The Adoption of Mobile Learning in a Traditional Training Environment: The C95-Challenge Project Experience (Nadia Catenazzi, Lorenzo Sommaruga, Kylene De Angelis and Giulio Gabbianelli). Reflection papers include the following; (1) Leadership for Nursing Work-Based Mobile Learning (Dorothy Fahlman); (2) Reflections on Ways forward for Addressing Ethical Concerns in Mobile Learning Research (Jocelyn Wishart); and (3) Mobile Learning: Extreme Outcomes of Everywhere, Anytime (Giuseppe Cosimo De Simone). Posters include: (1) Student Response Behavior to Six Types of Caller/Sender When Smartphones Receive a Call or Text Message during University Lectures (Kunihiro Chida, Yuuki Kato and Shogo Kato); and (2) Understanding the Use of Mobile Resources to Enhance Paralympic Boccia Teaching and Learning for Students with Cerebral Palsy (Fabiana Zioti, Giordano Clemente, Raphael de Paiva Gonçalves, Matheus Souza, Aracele Fassbinder and Ieda Mayumi Kawashita). Doctoral Consortium papers include: (1) Forms of the Materials Shared between a Teacher and a Pupil (Libor Klubal and Katerina Kostolányová); and (2) Mobile Touch Screen Devices as Compensation for the Teaching Materials at a Special Primary School (Vojtech Gybas and Katerina Kostolányová). Individual papers provide references, and an Author Index is provided.

These proceedings contain the papers of the International Conference e-Learning 2015, which was organised by the International Association for Development of the Information and Society and is part of the Multi Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems (Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain, July 21-24, 2015). The e-Learning 2015 conference aims to address the main issues of concern within e-Learning. This conference covers both technical as well as the non-technical aspects of e-Learning. The conference accepted submissions in the following seven main areas: Organisational Strategy and Management Issues; Technological Issues; e-Learning Curriculum Development Issues; Instructional Design Issues; e-Learning Delivery Issues; e-Learning Research Methods and Approaches; and e-Skills and Information Literacy for Learning. The conference included the Keynote Lectures: (1) "Fail Fast and Fail Forward--Embracing Failure as a Necessary Precursor of Success in the Delivery of eLearning Services," by Steven Duggan, Director, Worldwide Education Strategy, Microsoft; and (2) "A Different Perspective on the Singularity Point. How It Is Substituting Jobs in the Service Sector," by Jacques Bulchand-Gidumal, Professor of Digital Enterprises and Entrepreneurship, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. Papers in these proceedings include: (1) Playing Music, Playing with Music: A Proposal for Music Coding in Primary School (Adriano Baratè, Luca Andrea Ludovico, Giuseppina Rita Mangione, and Alessia Rosa); (2) Learning through Telepresence with iPads: Placing Schools in Local/Global Communities (Bente Meyer); (3) Strategic Decision Making Cycle in Higher Education: Case Study of E-Learning (Blaženka Divjak and Nina Begicevic Redep); (4) Performance & Emotion--A Study on Adaptive E-Learning Based on Visual/Verbal Learning Styles (Jennifer Beckmann, Sven Bertel, and Steffi Zander); (5) A MOOC and a Professional SPOC (Xu Cui, Zhenglei Zhang, and Lei Sun); (6) Increase in Testing Efficiency through the Development of an IT-Based Adaptive Testing Tool for Competency Measurement Applied to a Health Worker Training Test Case (Janne Kleinhans and Matthias Schumann); (7) Cognitive Presence in Virtual Collaborative Learning Assessing and Improving Critical Thinking in Online Discussion Forums (Jennifer Beckmann and Peter Weber); (8) Developing a Mobile Learning Management System for Outdoors Nature Science Activities Based on 5E Learning Cycle (Ah-Fur Lai, Horng-Yih Lai, Wei-Hsiang Chuang, and Zih-Heng Wu); (9) Behavioral Feature Extraction to Determine Learning Styles in E-Learning Environments (Somayeh Fatahi, Hadi Moradi, and Elaheh Farmad); (10) Maximizing and Personalizing E-Learning Support for Students with Different Backgrounds and Preferences (Olga Mironova, Irina Amitan, Jelena Vendelin, Jüri Vilipõld, and Merike Saar); (11) Usability of a Web-Based School Experience System: Opinions of IT Teachers and Teacher Candidates (Zülfü Genç); (12) Methodological Proposal for Elaboration of Learning Materials in Sign Language in University Teaching (J. Guillermo Viera-Santana, Dionisio Rodríguez-Esparragón, Juan C. Hernández-Haddad, and Jesús Castillo-Ortiz); (13) Moodle E-Learning System and Students' Performance in Higher Education: The Case of Public Administration Programmes (Lan Umek, Damijana Keržic, Nina Tomaževic, and Aleksander Aristovnik); (14) Cada Día Spanish: An Analysis of Confidence and Motivation in a Social Learning Language MOOC (Michael Henry and Diana Marrs); (15) Creating Games as Authentic Learning in the Information Technology Classroom (Mark Frydenberg); (16) Assisting Tutors to Utilize Web 2.0 Tools in Education (Isidoros Perikos, Foteini Grivokostopoulou, Konstantinos Kovas, and Ioannis Hatzilygeroudis); (17) Evaluating Students' Programming Skill Behaviour and Personalizing Their Computer Learning Environment Using "The Hour of Code" Paradigm (Nikolaos Mallios and Michael Gr. Vassilakopoulos); (18) Using Immersive Virtual Reality for Electrical Substation Training (Eduardo H. Tanaka, Juliana A. Paludo, Carlúcio S. Cordeiro, Leonardo R. Domingues, Edgar V. Gadbem, and Adriana Euflausino); (19) Goal Setting, Decision-Making Skills and Academic Performance of Undergraduate Distance Learners: Implications for Retention and Support Services (Nebath Tanglang and Aminu Kazeem Ibrahim); (20) Transformations: Mobile Interaction & Language Learning (Fiona Carroll, Rita Kop, Nathan Thomas, and Rebecca Dunning); (21) Digital Resource Exchange about Music (DREAM): Phase 2 Usability Testing (Rena Upitis, Karen Boese, Philip C. Abrami, and Zaeem Anwar); (22) Research Suggestions in the Design of a Global Graduate Business Program Delivered by Online Learning (Amy Puderbaugh); (23) Electronic Education System Model-2 (Fatih Güllü, Rein Kuusik, and Mart Laanpere); (24) Use of Cloud-Based Graphic Narrative Software in Medical Ethics Teaching (Alan S. Weber); (25) A Proposal to Enhance the Use of Learning Platforms in Higher Education (Bertil P. Marques, Jaime E. Villate, and Carlos Vaz de Carvalho); (26) Cloud Computing and Validated Learning for Accelerating Innovation in IoT (George Suciu, Gyorgy Todoran, Alexandru Vulpe, Victor Suciu, Cristina Butca, and Romulus Cheveresan); (27) An OWL Ontology for Metadata of Interactive Learning Objects (Bruno N. Luz, Rafael Santos, Bruno Alves, Andreza S. Areão, Marcos H. Yokoyama, and Marcelo P. Guimarães); (28) Utilizing E-Learning Systems in the Libyan Universities: Case Study; Tripoli University, Faculty of Engineering (Aisha Ammar Almansuri and Rowad Adel Elmansuri); (29) Making Sense of Game-Based User Data: Learning Analytics in Applied Games (Christina M. Steiner, Michael D. Kickmeier-Rust, and Dietrich Albert); (30) Practicing Low-Context Communication Strategies in Online Course Design for International Students Studying in the U.S. (Sharon Lalla); (31) Innovation Diffusion Model in Higher Education: Case Study of E-Learning Diffusion (Sanjana Buc and Blaženka Divjak); (32) Demonstrating DREAM: A Digital Resource Exchange about Music (Rena Upitis, Karen Boese, and Philip C. Abrami); (33) A Study on Teacher Training to Incorporate Gamification in Class Design--Program Development and Implementation in a Teacher Training Course (Shingo Shiota and Manabu Abe); (34) A Case Study of the Feedback Design in a Game-Based Learning for Low Achieving Students (Ting-Ling Lai and Hsiao-Fang Lin); (35) Development and Evaluation of an Informational Moral Lesson to Promote Awareness in Children (Kyohei Sakai, Shingo Shiota, and Kiyotaka Eguchi); and (36) Development and Design of a Problem Based Learning Game-Based Courseware (Chiung-Sui Chang, Jui-Fa Chen, and Fei-Ling Chen). Luís Rodrigues is an associate editor of the proceedings. Individual papers contain references. An author index is included. [For "Proceedings of the International Conference e-Learning 2014. Multi Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems (Lisbon, Portugal, July 15-19, 2014)," see ED557189.]

These proceedings contain the papers and posters of the 11th International Conference on Mobile Learning 2015, which was organised by the International Association for Development of the Information Society, in Madeira, Portugal, March 14-16, 2015. The Mobile Learning 2015 Conference seeks to provide a forum for the presentation and discussion of mobile learning research which illustrate developments in the field. The following are included in these proceedings: (1) Evolution or Revolution? Diffusion and Adaptation of (Smart) Mobile Phones among Children and Adolescents (Gitte Bang Stald); (2) Wearables and the "Anatomy" of Information: Biodata, Privacy, and Ethics (Amber Hutchins and Jake McNeill); (3) Scaffolding Java Programming on a Mobile Phone for Novice Learners (Chao Mbogo, Edwin Blake and Hussein Suleman); (4) Implementation of an Intelligent Tutorial System for Socioenvironmental Management Projects (Gil Vera, Víctor Daniel and Gabriel Awad); (5) Patterns of Mobile Technology Use in Teaching: A Pilot Study (Tami Seifert); (6) Developing Students' Professional Digital Identity (Thomas Cochrane and Laurent Antonczak); (7) Impact of Contextuality on Mobile Learning Acceptance: An Empirical Study Based on Language Learning App (Stephan Böhm and Georges Philip Constantine); (8) Do Mobile Learning Devices Enhance Learning in Higher Education Anatomy Classrooms? (Kate Wilkinson and Phil Barter); (9) It's Not Just the Pedagogy: Challenges in Scaling Mobile Learning Applications into Institution-Wide Learning Technologies (Peter Bird and Mark Stubbs); (10) Mobile Learning and Teacher Education: Researching MLEARN Pilot Development (Don Passey and Joana Zozimo); (11) Mobile-Assisted Language Learning: Student Attitudes to Using Smartphones to Learn English Vocabulary (Neil Davie and Tobias Hilber); (12) Active Students in Webinars (Line Kolås, Hugo Nordseth and Jørgen Sørlie Yri); (13) Expanding the Media Mix in Statistics Education through Platform-Independent and Interactive Learning Objects (Hans-Joachim Mittag); (14) Research on Mobile Learning Activities Applying Tablets (Eugenijus Kurilovas, Anita Juskeviciene and Virginija Bireniene); (15) Learner Centered Experiences with Flipped Classroom and Mobile Online Webinars in Distance Education Program (Lisbeth Amhag); (16) Walk Like an Egyptian: A Serious, Pervasive Mobile Game for Tourism (Fatema Mohsen Gabr and Slim Abdennadher); (17) Educational Materials for Mobile Learning (Kosuke Kaneko, Yoshihiro Okada, Motofumi Yoshida, Hitoshi Inoue and Naomi Fujimura); (18) Boosting up JSL Learners' Outside-Class Learning Time with Learning Log System (Noriko Uosaki, Hiroaki Ogata and Kousuke Mouri); (19) An Integrated Learning Management System for Location-Based Mobile Learning (Christian Sailer, Peter Kiefer and Martin Raubal); (20) The Influence of Affordances on Learner Preferences in Mobile Language Learning (Maria Uther and Adrian Banks); (21) Microlearning as Innovative Pedagogy for Mobile Learning in MOOC (Despina Kamilali and Chryssa Sofianopoulou); (22) Cross-Platform User Interface of e-Learning Applications (Michal Stoces, Jan Masner, Jan Jarolímek, Pavel Šimek, Jirí Vanek and Miloš Ulman); (23) Technology Trends in Mobile Computer Supported Collaborative Learning in Elementary Education from 2009 to 2014 (Mia Carapina and Ivica Boticki); (24) Challenges of Using Learning Analytics Techniques to Support Mobile Learning (Marco Arrigo, Giovanni Fulantelli and Davide Taibi); (25) Effectiveness and Utility of Terminal Tablet as Electric Textbooks for Nursing Practicum (Yumiko Nakamura, Kaori Fukayama and Yukie Majima); (26) A Study on the Process of Development of Collective Intelligence for Utilization of Unused Space of Abandoned Schools (Uk Kim and Junyoung Yang); (27) Implementation of an Adaptive Learning System Using a Bayesian Network (Keiji Yasuda, Hiroyuki Kawashima, Yoko Hata and Hiroaki Kimura); (28) Mathematics and Mobile Learning (Fayez Sayed); and (29) A Framework to Support Global Corporate M-Learning: Learner Initiative and Technology Acceptance across Cultures (Wendy Farrell). An author index is provided. (Individual papers contain references.)

These proceedings contain the papers of the International Conferences on Educational Technologies (ICEduTech 2014), and Sustainability, Technology and Education (STE 2014). The International Conference on Educational Technologies (ICEduTech 2014) is the scientific conference addressing the real topics as seen by teachers, students, parents and school leaders. Scientists, professionals and institutional leaders are invited to be informed by experts, sharpen the understanding of what education needs and how to achieve it. Topics for the ICEduTech Conference include: (1) Education in Context: Education in the Network Society, Educational Games, Social Media in Education, Home Schooling, Students' Rights, Parents' Rights, Teachers' Rights, Student-Safe Searching, School Violence, Education and Tolerance for Peace and Education in Developing Countries; (2) Education as Professional Field: Teacher Education, Teachers' Professional Development, Teachers' Workload, Teacher Support for Grading, Time Tabling, Grading, Learning Tools, and Online Learning Software, Teachers' learning in Communities of Practice, Web-based Communities for Teacher Support, Teachers' Career Planning, Legal and Financial Issues, Conflict Resolution and Mediation, Governance and Servant Leadership and Educational Policies; (3) Curricular Evolution: Problem-based Learning, Critical Thinking Skills, Creativity Skills, Learning Citizenship, Global Education, Media Literacy / Pedagogy, Multicultural Education and Alternative Assessment Methods; (4) Learner Orientation: Student-Oriented Learning, Peer- and Collaborative Learning, Learning Strategies: Learn how to Learn, Motivating Students, Recognizing Students' Learning Styles and Special Education; (5) Integrating Educational Technologies: Social Media and Social Networking, The Semantic Web 3.0, Podcasting for Broadcasting Video Lectures, Podcasting feedback to students, Wiki and blogs in Higher Education, Mobile, Virtual and Vicarious Learning and Simulations and Modeling; and (6) International Higher Education: Marketing Higher Education as a Business Case, Pitfalls and Solutions in Joint and Double Degree Programs, Enculturation and International Teacher Accreditation, Web-based, Mobile, Virtual Presence and Social Media to Overcome Student Mobility, Blended Learning and Student Assessment at a Distance, Student Mobility and Distance Education, New-Emerging Standards and Benchmarks for Higher Education, Education, Research, Exchange and Capacity Building, 21st Century Academic and Industrial Brain Exchange, Academic Salaries, Faculty Contracts, Residence Permits and Legal Issues, International Student Exchange Funding Programs: Erasmus Mundus, the U.S. Council on International Educational Student Exchange, and the Euro-American "Atlantis" program, Networks for International Higher Education in the Pacific, Australia, Europe, Asian and European countries and Higher Education, Cultural Diversity, Tolerance and Political Conflict. The International Conference on Sustainability, Technology and Education (STE) aims to address the main issues which occur by assessing the relationship between Sustainability, Education and Technology. Broad areas of interest are: Sustainability and Leadership, Sustainability and Green IT, Sustainability and Education. Following three Keynote Lectures by Chun-Yen Chang, David Tawei Ku, and Pedro Isais, the full papers presented are as follows: (1) The Study of Adopting Problem Based Learning in Normal Scale Class Course Design (Chia-ling Hsu); (2) Student Learning Through Hands-On Industry Projects (Lingma Lu Acheson); (3) A Study of Facilitating Cognitive Processes with Authentic Support (Rustam Shadiev, Wu-Yuin Hwang, Yueh-Min Huang and Tzu-Yu Liu); (4) Mobile-Assisted Second Language Learning: Developing a Learner-Centered Framework (Choy Khim Leow, Wan Ahmad Jaafar Wan Yahaya and Zarina Samsudin); (5) Social Interaction Development through Immersive Virtual Environments (Jason Beach and Jeremy Wendt); (6) Teaching and Learning in the Digital Era: A Case Study of Video-Conference Lectures from Japan to Australia (Seiko Yasumoto); (7) Lessons Learnt from and Sustainability of Adopting A Personal Learning Environment & Network (PLE&N) (Eric Tsui and Farzad Sabetzadeh); (8) Studying Challenges in Integrating Technology in Secondary Mathematics with Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) (Dorian Stoilescu); (9) Building Better Discipline Strategies for Schools by Fuzzy Logics (Dian-Fu Chang, Ya-Yun Juan and Wen-Ching Chou); (10) Assessing Critical Thinking Performance of Postgraduate Students in Threaded Discussions (Cheng Lee Tan and Lee Luan Ng); (11) Work-Integrated Learning with Work-Integrated Learners (Martin Gellerstedt and Tobias Arvemo); (12) A Framework for Gamified Activities Based on Mobile Games (Ana Amelia Carvalho, Inês Araújo and Nelson Zagalo); (13) The OpenForest Portal as an Open Learning Eosystem: Co-Developing in the Study of a Multidisciplinary Phenomenon in a Cultural Context (Anu Liljeström, Jorma Enkenberg, Petteri Vanninen, Henriikka Vartiainen and Sinikka Pöllänen); (14) Designing Participatory Learning (Henriikka Vartiainen); (15) The Relationship among Principals' Technology Leadership Teaching Innovation, and Students' Academic Optimism in Elementary Schools (Chuan-Chung Hsieh, Hung-Chin Yen and Liu-Yen Kuan); (16) Design Research Methods for Future Mapping (Sugandh Malhotra, Prof. Lalit K. Das and Dr. V. M. Chariar); (17) Makahiki: An Open Source Serious Game Framework for Sustainability Education and Conservation (Yongwen Xu, Philip M. Johnson, George E. Lee, Carleton A. Moore and Robert S. Brewer); (18) The Relationships among Principals' Distributed Leadership, School Knowledge Innovation and ICT Use in Taiwanese Elementary Schools (Chuan-Chung Hsieh, Jui-Hsuan Hung and Hao-Chiou Li); (19) Beauty of Wholeness and Beauty of Partiality "New Terms Defining the Concept of Beauty in Architecture in Terms of Sustainability and Computer Aided Design (Ayman A. Farid, Weaam M. Zaghloul and Khaled M. Dewidar); (20) Galvanizing Local Resources: A Strategy for Sustainable Development in Rural China (Eun Ji Cho); (21) Teaching Assembly for Disassembly: An Under-Graduate Module Experience (Eleftheria Alexandri); and (22) System-Events Toolbox- Activating Urban Places for Social Cohesion through Designing a System of Events that Relies on Local Resources (Davide Fassi and Roberta Motter). Short Papers include: (1) A Design and Development of Distance Learning Support Environment for Collaborative Problem Solving in Group Learners (Takuya Nitta, Ryo Takaoka, Shigeki Ahama and Masayuki Shimokawa); (2) Academic Use of Social Media Technologies as an Integral Element of Informatics Program Delivery in Malaysia (Jane See Yin Lim, Barry Harper and Joe F. Chicharo); (3) Digital Storytelling across Cultures: Connecting Chinese & Australian Schools (Mark Pegrum, Grace Oakley, Cher Ping-Lim, Xi Bei Xiong and Hanbing Yan); (4) A Study on Building an Efficient Job Shadowing Management Methodology for the Undergraduate Students (Koichi Sakoda and Masakazu Takahashi); (5) Using Tablet PCS in Classroom for Teaching Human-Computer Interaction: An Experience in High Education (Andre Constantino da Silva, Daniela Marques, Rodolfo Francisco de Oliveira and Edgar Noda); (6) Technology and Motor Ability Development (Lin Wang, Yong Lang and Zhongmin Luo); (7) The Integrated Framework of College Class Activities--Using Learn Mode with the Introduction of Educational Technology as an Example (Chia-Ling Tsai and David Tawei Ku); (8) Training Pre-Service Chinese Language Teachers to Create Instructional Video to Enhance Classroom Instruction (Lih-Ching Chen Wang and Ming-Chian Ken Wang); (9) Using Project-Based Learning and Google Docs to Support Diversity (Amy Leh); (10) Exploring Social Equity Aspects in Integrating Technology in Primary Mathematics Education (Dorian Stoilescu); (11) Chinese Fantasy Novel: Empirical Study on New World Teaching for Non-Native Learners (Bok Check Meng and Goh Ying Soon); and (12) Building of a Disaster Recovery Framework for E-Learning environment Using Private Cloud Collaboration (Satoshi Togawa and Kazuhide Kanenishi). The reflection papers include: (1) Stoic Behavior Hypothesis in Hint Seeking and Development of Reversi Learning Environment as Work Bench for Investigation (Kazuhisa Miwa, Kazuaki Kojima and Hitoshi Terai); (2) Alternative Assessment Methods Based on Categorizations, Supporting Technologies and A Model for Betterment Marion G. Ben-Jacob and Tyler E. Ben-Jacob; (3) Wiki -Enhanced Scaffolding to Encourage Student Participation in a Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) Classroom (Chun-Yi Lin) ; and (4) Pragmatics and Seminotics: Movies as Aesthetic Audio-Visual Device Expedite Second Language Acquisition (Lucia Y. Lu). Individual papers contain references. An author index is included. [These conferences are co-sponsored by Curtin University, Curtin Business School (Australia), and the International Society for Professional Innovation Management.]

These proceedings contain the papers of the 11th International Conference on Cognition and Exploratory Learning in the Digital Age (CELDA 2014), October 25-27, 2014, which has been organized by the International Association for Development of the Information Society (IADIS) and endorsed by the Japanese Society for Information and Systems in Education (JSISE). The CELDA 2014 conference aims to address the main issues concerned with evolving learning processes and supporting pedagogies and applications in the digital age. There have been advances in both cognitive psychology and computing that have affected the educational arena. The convergence of these two disciplines is increasing at a fast pace and affecting academia and professional practice in many ways. Paradigms such as just-in-time learning, constructivism, student-centered learning and collaborative approaches have emerged and are being supported by technological advancements such as simulations, virtual reality and multi-agents systems. These developments have created both opportunities and areas of serious concerns. This conference aimed to cover both technological as well as pedagogical issues related to these developments. The conference included the Keynote Lecture: "Designing Learning Environments in a Digital Age: The Quest for What to Consider," by Professor Jan Elen, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, K.U. Leuven, Belgium. The conference included a panel entitled: "Competencies, Challenges, and Changes: A Global Conversation About 21st Century Teachers and Leaders" by Lynne Schrum, Rose Dolan, Dirk Ifenthaler, Ronghuai Huang, Dale Niederhauser, and Neal Strudler. Papers in the proceedings include: (1) Interactive Application in Spanish Sign Language for a Public Transport Environment (José Guillermo Viera-Santana, Juan C. Hernández-Haddad, Dionisio Rodríguez-Esparragón, and Jesús Castillo-Ortiz); (2) A Game-Based Assessment of Students' Choices to Seek Feedback and to Revise (Maria Cutumisu, Doris B. Chin, and Daniel L. Schwartz); (3) Investigating Teachers' Readiness, Understanding and Workload in Implementing School Based Assessment (SBA) (Norsamsinar Samsudin, Premila A/P Rengasamy, Jessnor Elmy Mat Jizat, Hariyaty Ab Wahid, and Norasibah Abdul Jalil; (4) The Effects of Frequency of Media Utilization on Decision Making of Media Choice (Yasushi Gotoh); (5) Comparing Novices & Experts in Their Exploration of Data in Line Graphs (Bruce H. Tsuji and Gitte Lindgaard); (6) Assessment Intelligence in Small Group Learning (Wanli Xing and Yonghe Wu); (7) Collaborative Creativity Processes in a Wiki: A Study in Secondary Education (Manoli Pifarré, Laura Marti, and Alex Guijosa); (8) LSQuiz: A Collaborative Classroom Response System to Support Active Learning Through Ubiquitous Computing (Ricardo Caceffo and Rodolfo Azevedo); (9) Impacts of MediaWiki on Collaborative Writing Among Teacher Students (Said Hadjerrouit); (10) Teachers' Perceptions of the Individual Case Studies' Literacy Performance and Their Use of Computer Tools (Odette Bourjaili Radi); (11) Exploring Opportunities to Boost Adult Students' Graduation--The Reasons Behind the Delays and Drop-Outs of Graduation (Päivi Aarreniemi-Jokipelto and Asta Bäck; (12) Effective Use of a Learning Management System to Influence On-Line Learning (Xu Hongjiang, Sakthi Mahenthiran, and Kenton Smith); (13) Order Effects of Learning with Modeling and Simulation Software on Field-Dependent and Field-Independent Children's Cognitive Performance: An Interaction Effect (Charoula Angeli, Nicos Valanides, Eirini Polemitou, and Elena Fraggoulidou); (14) Comparative Case Study on Designing and Applying Flipped Classroom at Universities (Cheolil Lim, Sunyoung Kim, Jihyun Lee, Hyeonsu Kim, and Hyeongjong Han); (15) Organizational Leadership Process for University Education (Ricardo Llamosa-Villalba, Dario J. Delgado, Heidi P. Camacho, Ana M. Paéz, and Raúl F. Valdivieso); (16) Academic versus Non-Academic Emerging Adult College Student Technology Use (Joan Ann Swanson and Erica Walker); (17) Creative Stories: A Storytelling Game Fostering Creativity (Antonis Koukourikos, Pythagoras Karampiperis, and George Panagopoulos); (18) An EVS Clicker Based Hybrid Assessment to Engage Students with Marking Criteria (Steve Bennett, Trevor Barker, and Mariana Lilley); (19) ICT Competence-Based Learning Object Recommendations for Teachers (Stylianos Sergis, Panagiotis Zervas, and Demetrios G. Sampson); (20) Improving Content Area Reading Comprehension with 4-6th Grade Spanish ELLs Using Web-Based Structure Strategy Instruction (Kausalai [Kay] Wijekumar, Bonnie J.F. Meyer, and Puiwa Lei); (21) Preparing Special Education Teachers to Use Educational Technology to Enhance Student Learning (Teresa Wallace and David Georgina); (22) ASK4Labs: A Web-Based Repository for Supporting Learning Design Driven Remote and Virtual Labs Recommendations (Panagiotis Zervas, Stefanos Fiskilis, and Demetrios G. Sampson); (23) Digital Storytelling: Emotions in Higher Education (Sandra Ribeiro, António Moreira, and Cristina Pinto da Silva); (24) Design in Practice: Scenarios for Improving Management Education (Lee Schlenker and Sébastien Chantelot); (25) Factors Influencing Students' Choice of Study Mode: An Australian Case Study (Dirk Ifenthaler, Maree Gosper, Matthew Bailey, and Mandy Kretzschmar); (26) Addressing Standardized Testing Through a Novel Assessment Model (Catherine C. Schifter and Martha Carey); (27) "It's Just Like Learning, Only Fun"--A Teacher's Perspective of Empirically Validating Effectiveness of a Math App (Ka Rene Grimes); (28) A User Centered Faculty Scheduled Development Framework (Shohreh Hadian and Nancy Sly); (29) Musical Peddy-Paper: A Collaborative Learning Activity Supported by Augmented Reality (José Duarte Cardoso Gomes, Mauro Jorge Guerreiro Figueiredo, Lúcia da Graça Cruz Domingues Amante, and Cristina Maria Cardoso Gomes); (30) Undergraduate Students' Experiences of Time in a MOOC: A Term of Dino 101 (Catherine Adams and Yin Yin); (31) The Answering Process for Multiple-Choice Questions in Collaborative Learning: A Mathematical Learning Model Analysis (Yasuyuki Nakamura, Shinnosuke Nishi, Yuta Muramatsu, Koichi Yasutake, Osamu Yamakawa, and Takahiro Tagawa); (32) Using Five Stage Model to Design of Collaborative Learning Environments in Second Life (Sevil Orhan and M. Kemal Karaman); (33) Students' Reflections Using Visualized Learning Outcomes and E-Portfolios (Takatsune Narumi and Yasushi Gotoh); (34) The Efficiency of Different Online Learning Media--An Empirical Study (Franziska J. Kößler and Marco M. Nitzschner); (35) Microblogging Best Practices (Shohreh Hadian and Maria-Elena Froese); (36) DIY Analytics for Postsecondary Students (Timothy Arndt and Angela Guercio); (37) Project "Flappy Crab": An Edu-Game for Music Learning (Cristina Maria Cardoso Gomes, Mauro Jorge Guerreiro Figueiredo, José Bidarra, and José Duarte Cardoso Gomes); (38) Higher Education Institutions (HEI) Students Take on MOOC: Case of Malaysia (Jessnor Elmy Mat-jizat, Norsamsinar Samsudin, and Rusliza Yahaya); (39) A Cross Cultural Perspective on Information Communication Technologies Learning Survey (Hale Ilgaz, Sacide Güzin Mazman, and Arif Altun); (40) An App for the Cathedral in Freiberg--An Interdisciplinary Project Seminar (Cindy Kröber and Sander Münster); (41) Possible Science Selves: Informal Learning and the Career Interest Development Process (Leila A. Mills); (42) A Case Study of MOOCs Design and Administration at Seoul National University (Cheolil Lim, Sunyoung Kim, Mihwa Kim, Songlee Han, and Seungil Seo); (43) Persistent Possible Science Selves (Leila A. Mills and Lin Lin); and (44) Towards a Collaborative Intelligent Tutoring System Classification Scheme (Rachel Harsley). Individual papers contain references. An author index is included.

These proceedings contain the papers of the International Conference e-Learning 2014, which was organised by the International Association for Development of the Information Society and is part of the Multi Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems (Lisbon, Portugal July 15-19, 2014). The e-Learning 2014 conference aims to address the main issues of concern within e-Learning. This conference covered technical as well as the non-technical aspects of e-Learning under seven main areas: Organisational Strategy and Management Issues; Technological Issues; e-Learning Curriculum Development Issues; Instructional Design Issues; e-Learning Delivery Issues; e-Learning Research Methods and Approaches; e-Skills and Information Literacy for Learning. The conference included the Keynote Lecture: "Moving Higher Education Forward in the Digital Age: Realising a Digital Strategy," by Neil Morris, Professor of Educational Technology, Innovation and Change and Director of Digital Learning, University of Leeds, UK. Papers in these proceedings include: (1) Culture, Gender and Technology-Enhanced Learning: Female and Male Students' Perceptions Across Three Continents, Thomas Richter and Asta Zelenkauskaite; (2) IPads In Learning: The Web of Change Bente Meyer; (3) A Blended Approach to Canadian First Nations Education, Martin Sacher, Mavis Sacher and Norman Vaughan; (4) A Storytelling Learning Model For Legal Education, Nicola Capuano, Carmen De Maio, Angelo Gaeta, Giuseppina Rita Mangione, Saverio Salerno and Eleonora Fratesi; (5) Acceptance and Success Factors for M-Learning of ERP Systems Curricula, Brenda Scholtz and Mando Kapeso; (6) Self-Regulation Competence in Music Education, Luca Andrea Ludovico and Giuseppina Rita Mangione; (7) Time-Decayed User Profile for Second Language Vocabulary Learning System, Li Li and Xiao Wei; (8) E-Learning Trends and Hypes in Academic Teaching: Methodology and Findings of a Trend Study, Helge Fischer, Linda Heise, Matthias Heinz, Kathrin Moebius and Thomas Koehler; (9) Proof of Economic Viability of Blended Learning Business Models, Carsten Druhmann and Gregor Hohenberg; (10) Does Satellite Television Program Satisfy Ethiopian Secondary School Students? Sung-Wan Kim and Gebeyehu Bogale; (11) Organisation and Management of a Complete Bachelor Degree Offered Online at the University of Milan for Ten Years, Manuela Milani, Sabrina Papini, Daniela Scaccia and Nello Scarabottolo; (12) Structural Relationships between Variables of Elementary School Students' Intention of Accepting Digital Textbooks, Young Ju Joo, Sunyoung Joung, Se-Bin Choi, Eugene Lim and Kyung Yi Go; (13) Dynamic Fuzzy Logic-Based Quality of Interaction within Blended-Learning: The Rare and Contemporary Dance Cases, Sofia B. Dias, José A. Diniz and Leontios J. Hadjileontiadis; (14) Do English Listening Outcome and Cognitive Load Change for Different Media Delivery Modes in U-Learning?, Chi-Cheng Chang, Hao Lei and Ju-Shih Tseng; (15) The Use of ELGG Social Networking Tool for Students' Project Peer-Review Activity, Ana Coric Samardzija and Goran Bubas; (16) Educational Multimedia Profiling Recommendations for Device-Aware Adaptive Mobile Learning, Arghir-Nicolae Moldovan, Ioana Ghergulescu and Cristina Hava Muntean; (17) Inside, Outside, Upside Down: New Directions in Online Teaching and Learning, Lena Paulo Kushnir and Kenneth C. Berry; (18) A Study on the Methods of Assessment and Strategy of Knowledge Sharing in Computer Course, Pat P. W. Chan; (19) Using Agent-Based Technologies to Enhance Learning in Educational Games, Ogar Ofut Tumenayu, Olga Shabalina, Valeriy Kamaev and Alexander Davtyan; (20) Designing a Culturally Sensitive Wiki Space for Developing Chinese Students' Media Literacy, Daria Mezentceva; (21) Shared Cognition Facilitated by Teacher Use of Interactive Whiteboard Technologies, Christine Redman and John Vincent; (22) Modeling Pedagogy for Teachers Transitioning to the Virtual Classroom, Michael J. Canuel and Beverley J. White; (23) The Effectiveness of SDMS in the Development of E-Learning Systems in South Africa, Kobus van Aswegen, Magda Huisman and Estelle Taylor; (24) Online Learning Behaviors for Radiology Interns Based on Association Rules and Clustering Technique, Hsing-Shun Chen and Chuen-He Liou; (25) The Use of SDMS in Developing E-Learning Systems in South Africa, Estelle Taylor, Kobus van Aswegen and Magda Huisman; (26) Assessment of the Use of Online Comunities to Integrate Educational Processes Development Teams: An Experience in Popular Health Education in Brazil, Elomar Castilho Barilli, Stenio de Freitas Barretto, Carla Moura Lima and Marco Antonio Menezes; (27) Stereo Orthogonal Axonometric Perspective for the Teaching of Descriptive Geometry, José Geraldo Franco Méxas, Karla Bastos Guedes and Ronaldo da Silva Tavares; (28) Delivery of E-Learning through Social Learning Networks, Georgios A. Dafoulas and Azam Shokri; (29) The Implementation of Web 2.0 Technology for Information Literacy Instruction in Thai University Libraries, Oranuch Sawetrattanasatian; (30) Designing Educational Social Machines for Effective Feedback, Matthew Yee-King, Maria Krivenski, Harry Brenton, Andreu Grimalt-Reynes and Mark d'Inverno; (31) A Support System for Error Correction Questions in Programming Education, Yoshinari Hachisu and Atsushi Yoshida; (32) A Platform for Learning Internet of Things, Zorica Bogdanovic, Konstantin Simic, Miloš Milutinovic, Božidar Radenkovic and Marijana Despotovic-Zrakic, (33) Dealing with Malfunction: Locus of Control in Web-Conferencing, Michael Klebl; (34) Copyright and Creative Commons License: Can Educators Gain Benefits in the Digital Age? (Wariya Lamlert); (35) The Curriculum Design and Development in MOOCs Environment (Fei Li, Jing Du and Bin Li); (36) Stakeholders Influence in Maltese Tourism Higher Education Curriculum Development (Simon Caruana and Lydia Lau); (37) Online Social Networks and Computer Skills of University Students (Maria Potes Barbas, Gabriel Valerio, María Del Carmen Rodríguez-Martínez, Dagoberto José Herrera-Murillo and Ana María Belmonte-Jiménez); (38) Implementation of Artificial Intelligence Assessment in Engineering Laboratory Education (Maria Samarakou, Emmanouil D. Fylladitakis, Pantelis Prentakis and Spyros Athineos); (39) An Exploration of the Attitude and Learning Effectiveness of Business College Students towards Game Based Learning (Chiung-Sui Chang, Ya-Ping Huang and Fei-Ling Chien); (40) Application of E-Learning Technologies to Study a School Subject (Nadia Herbst and Elias Oupa Mashile); (41) Possibilities of Implementation of Small Business Check-Up Methodology in Comparative Analysis of Secondary Schools and Universities in Slovakia (Katarína Štofková, Ivan Strícek and Jana Štofková); (42) Digging the Virtual Past (Panagiota Polymeropoulou); (43) Technology Acceptance of E-Learning within a Blended Vocational Course in West Africa (Ashwin Mehta); (44) Development of an E-Learning Platform for Vocational Education Systems in Germany (Andreas Schober, Frederik Müller, Sabine Linden, Martha Klois and Bernd Künne); (45) Facebook Mediated Interaction and learning in Distance Learning at Makerere University (Godfrey Mayende, Paul Birevu Muyinda, Ghislain Maurice Norbert Isabwe, Michael Walimbwa and Samuel Ndeda Siminyu); (46) Assessing the Purpose and Importance University Students Attribute to Current ICT Applications (Maurice Digiuseppe and Elita Partosoedarso); (47) E-Learning System for Design and Construction of Amplifier Using Transistors (Atsushi Takemura); (48) Technology, Gender Attitude, and Software, among Middle School Math Instructors (Godwin N. Okeke); (49) Structuring Long-Term Faculty Training According to Needs Exhibited by Students' Written Comments in Course Evaluations (Robert Fulkerth); (50) Integration of PBL Methodologies into Online Learning Courses and Programs (Roland Van Oostveen, Elizabeth Childs, Kathleen Flynn and Jessica Clarkson); (51) Improving Teacher-Student Contact in a Campus Through a Location-Based Mobile Application (Vítor Manuel Ferreira and Fernando Ramos); (52) Incorporating Collaborative, Interactive Experiences into a Technology-Facilitated Professional Learning Network for Pre-Service Science Teachers (Seamus Delaney and Christine Redman); (53) The Efficiency of E-Learning Activities in Training Mentor Teachers (Laura Serbanescu and Sorina Chircu); (54) Development of an IOS App Using Situated Learning, Communities of Practice, and Augmented Reality for Autism Spectrum Disorder (Jessica Clarkson); (55) Using Case-Based Reasoning to Improve the Quality of Feedback Provided by Automated Grading Systems (Angelo Kyrilov and David C. Noelle); (56) International Multidisciplinary Learning: An Account of a Collaborative Effort among Three Higher Education Institutions (Paul S. H. Poh, Robby Soetanto, Stephen Austin and Zulkifar A. Adamu); (57) Interactive Learning to Stimulate the Brain's Visual Center and to Enhance Memory Retention (Yang H. Yun, Philip A. Allen, Kritsakorn Chaumpanich and Yingcai Xiao); (58) How Digital Technologies, Blended Learning and MOOCs Will Impact the Future of Higher Education (Neil P. Morris); (59) Factors Influencing the Acceptance of E-Learning Adoption in Libya's Higher Education Institutions (Mahfoud Benghet and Markus Helfert); (60) Motivation as a Method of Controlling the Social Subject Self-Learning (Andrey V. Isaev, Alla G. Kravets and Ludmila A. Isaeva); (61) Designing Environment for Teaching Internet of Things (Konstantin Simic, Vladimir Vujin, Aleksandra Labus, Ðorde Stepanic and Mladen Stevanovic); (62) Fostering Critical Thinking Skills in Students with Learning Disabilities through Online Problem-Based Learning (Kathleen Flynn); and (63) A System for the Automatic Assembly of Test Questions Using a NO-SQL Database (Sanggyu Shin and Hiroshi Hashimoto). Luís Rodrigues is an associate editor of the proceedings. Individual papers contain references. An author index is included.

These proceedings contain the papers of the 10th International Conference on Mobile Learning 2014, which was organised by the International Association for Development of the Information Society, in Madrid, Spain, February 28-March 2, 2014. The Mobile Learning 2014 International Conference seeks to provide a forum for the presentation and discussion of mobile learning research which illustrate developments in the field. Papers in these proceedings include: (1) Supporting Teachers to Design and Use Mobile Collaborative Learning Games (Iza Marfisi-Schottman and Sébastien George); (2) Ebooks as PDF Files, in Epub Format or as Interactive Ibooks? Digital Books in Physics Lessons of Secondary Education (Manfred Lohr); (3) Mobile Learning and Early Age Mathematics (Shir Peled and Shimon Schocken); (4) M-Learning--On Path to Integration with Organisation Systems (Shilpa Srivastava and Ved Prakash Gulati); (5) Improving History Learning through Cultural Heritage, Local History and Technology (Graça Magro, Joaquim Ramos de Carvalho and Maria José Marcelino); (6) Intrigue at the Museum: Facilitating Engagement and Learning through a Location-Based Mobile Game (Jetmir Xhembulla, Irene Rubino, Claudia Barberis and Giovanni Malnati); (7) Mobile-Based Chatting for Meeting Negotiation in Foreign Language Learning (María Dolores Castrillo, Elena Martín-Monje and Elena Bárcena); (8) Student Preferences for M-Learning Application Characteristics (Ömer Delialioglu & Yasaman Alioon); (9) Learning and Teaching with Mobile Devices An Approach in Secondary Education in Ghana (Margarete Grimus and Martin Ebner); (10) Cross-Cultural Design of Mobile Mathematics Learning Service for South African Schools (Tanja Walsh, Teija Vainio and Jari Varsaluoma); (11) Mobile Learning and Achievement Goal Orientation Profiles (Minna Asplund); (12) A Review of Integrating Mobile Phones for Language Learning (Ramiza Darmi and Peter Albion); (13) Overlapping Chat's Accessibility Requirements between Students with and without Disabilities Due to the Mobile Limitiations (Rocío Calvo, Ana Iglesias and Lourdes Moreno); (14) UML Quiz: Automatic Conversion of Web-Based E-Learning Content in Mobile Applications (Alexander von Franqué and Hilda Tellioglu); (15) Pedagogical Applications of Smartphone Integration in Teaching--Lectures', Students', & Pupils' Perspectives (Tami Seifert); (16) MOOC's to Go (Jan Renz, Thomas Staubitz and Christoph Meinel); (17) Strategies and Challenges in Ipad Initiative (Chientzu Candace Chou, Lanise Block and Renee Jesness); (18) Blending Classroom Teaching and Learning with QR Codes (Jenni Rikala and Marja Kankaanranta); (19) Programming Education with a Blocks-Based Visual Language for Mobile Application Development (Can Mihci and Nesrin Ozdener); (20) Shifting Contexts: Investigating the Role of Context in the Use of Obiquitious Computing for Design-Based Learning (Katharine S. Willis and Gianni Corino); (21) Evaluation Framework for Dependable Mobile Learning Scenarios (Manel Bensassi and Mona Laroussi); (22) Initial Evaluation of a Mobile Scaffolding Application that Seeks to Support Novice Learners of Programming (Chao Mbogo, Edwin Blake and Hussein Suleman); (23) Defining a Set of Architectural Requirements for Service-Oriented Mobile Learning Environments (Nemésio Freitas Duarte Filho and Ellen Francine Barbosa); (24) Portability and Usability of Open Educational Resources on Mobile Devices: A Study in the Context of Brazilian Educational Portals and Android-Based Devices (André Constantino da Silva, Fernanda Maria Pereira Freire, Vitor Hugo Miranda Mourão, Márcio Diógenes de Oliveira da Cruz and Heloísa Vieira da Rocha); (25) Evaluating QR Code Case Studies Using a Mobile Learning Framework (Jenni Rikala); (26) Developing a Mobile Social Media Framework for Creative Pedagogies (Thomas Cochrane, Laurent Antonczak, Matthew Guinibert and Danni Mulrennan); (27) Factors Affecting M-Learners' Course Satisfaction and Learning Persistence (Young Ju Joo, Sunyoung Joung, Eugene Lim and Hae Jin Kim); (28) A Framework to Support Mobile Learning in Multilingual Environments (Mmaki E. Jantjies and Mike Joy); (29) Mobile Technology Integrated Pedagogical Model (Arshia Khan); (30) Representation of an Incidental Learning Framework to Support Mobile Learning (Eileen Scanlon, Mark Gaved, Ann Jones, Agnes Kukulska-Hulme, Lucas Paletta and Ian Dunwell); (31) Using Mobile Apps and Social Media for Online Learner-Generated Content (Paul David Henry); (32) Tweeting as a Tool for Learning Science: The Credibility of Student-Produced Knowledge Content in Educational Contexts (Kaja Vembe Swensen, Kenneth Silseth and Ingeborg Krange); (33) What Mobile Learning and Working Remotely Can Learn from Each Other (Koen Depryck); (34) In-Time On-Place Learning (Merja Bauters, Jukka Purma and Teemu Leinonen); (35) M-Learning and Technological Literacy: Analyzing Benefits for Apprenticeship (Carlos Manuel Pacheco Cortés and Adriana Margarita Pacheco Cortés); (36) Designing a Site to Embed and to Interact with Wolfram Alpha Widgets in Math and Science Courses (Francisco Javier Delgado Cepeda and Ruben Dario Santiago Acosta); (37) An Environment for Mobile Experiential Learning (Otto Petrovic, Philipp Babcicky and Thomas Puchleitner); (38) Supporting Situated Learning Based on QR Codes with Etiquetar App: A Pilot Study (Miguel Olmedo Camacho, Mar Pérez-Sanagustín, Carlos Alario-Hoyos, Xavier Soldani, Carlos Delgado Kloos and Sergio Sayago); (39) Raising Awareness of Cybercrime--The Use of Education as a Means of Prevention and Protection (Julija Lapuh Bele, Maja Dimc, David Rozman and Andreja Sladoje Jemec); (40) Mobile Game for Learning Bacteriology (Ryo Sugimura, Sotaro Kawazu, Hiroki Tamari, Kodai Watanabe, Yohei Nishimura, Toshiki Oguma, Katsushiro Watanabe, Kosuke Kaneko, Yoshihiro Okada, Motofumi Yoshida, Shigeru Takano and Hitoshi Inoue); (41) The Theory Paper: What is the Future of Mobile Learning? (John Traxler and Marguerite Koole); (42) Rapid Prototyping of Mobile Learning Games (Maija Federley, Timo Sorsa, Janne Paavilainen, Kimo Boissonnier and Anu Seisto); (43) Preparing Lessons, Exercises and Tests for M-Learning of IT Fundamentals (S. Djenic, V. Vasiljevic, J. Mitic, V. Petkovic and A. Miletic); (44) The Motivating Power of Social Obligation: An Investigation into the Pedagogical Affordances of Mobile Learning Integrated with Facebook (Nurhasmiza Sazalli, Rupert Wegerif and Judith Kleine-Staarman); (45) When Everyone is a Probe, Everyone is a Learner (Boris Berenfeld, Tatiana Krupa, Arseny Lebedev and Sergey Stafeev); (46) Mobile Learning and Art Museums: A Case Study of New Art Interpretation Approach for Visitor Engagement through Mobile Media (Victoria López Benito); (47) Learner Centric in M-Learning: Integration of Security, Dependability and Trust (Sheila Mahalingam, Faizal Mohd Abdollah and Shahrin Sahib); (48) M-Learning Pilot at Sofia University (Elissaveta Gourova, Pavlin Dulev, Dessislava Petrova-Antonova and Boyan Bontchev); (49) A Mobile Service Oriented Multiple Object Tracking Augmented Reality Architecture for Education and Learning Experiences (Sasithorn Rattanarungrot, Martin White and Paul Newbury); (50) Learners' Ensemble Based Security Conceptual Model for M-Learning System in Malaysian Higher Learning Institution (Sheila Mahalingam, Faizal Mohd Abdollah and Shahrin Sahib); (51) Supporting the M-Learning Based Knowledge Transfer in University Education and Corporate Sector (András Benedek and György Molnár); and (52) The future of Ubiquitous Elearning (Timothy Arndt). Individual papers contain references. An author index is included. Luís Rodrigues is an associate editor of these proceedings.

These proceedings contain the papers of the IADIS International Conference on Cognition and Exploratory Learning in the Digital Age (CELDA 2013), October 22-24, 2013, which has been organized by the International Association for Development of the Information Society (IADIS), co-organized by The University of North Texas (UNT), sponsored by the Association for Educational Communication and Technologies (AECT), and endorsed by the Japanese Society for Information and Systems in Education (JSISE). The CELDA 2013 conference aims to address the main issues concerned with evolving learning processes and supporting pedagogies and applications in the digital age. There have been advances in both cognitive psychology and computing that have affected the educational arena. The convergence of these two disciplines is increasing at a fast pace and affecting academia and professional practice in many ways. Paradigms such as just-in-time learning, constructivism, student-centered learning, and collaborative approaches have emerged and are being supported by technological advancements such as simulations, virtual reality, and multi-agents systems. These developments have created both opportunities and areas of serious concerns. This conference aims to cover both technological as well as pedagogical issues related to these developments. However, innovative contributions that do not easily fit into these areas are also included as long as they are directly related to the overall theme of the conference--cognition and exploratory learning in the digital age. The conference included the Keynote Lecture: "Ubiquitous Learning Analytics for Adaptive and Authentic Instruction," by Professor Kinshuk, Associate Dean of Faculty of Science and Technology, NSERC/iCORE/Xerox/Markin Industrial Research Chair--School of Computing and Information Systems, Athabasca University, Canada. The conference also included a panel entitled "Interactive Technologies for Teacher Training: Two Technology Approaches and Their Implications," with Julia Meritt, David Gibson, Rhonda Christensen, Gerald Knezek, and Wilhelmina Savenye. Papers presented in this conference include: (1) Working Memory Intervention: A Reading Comprehension Approach (Tracy L. Perry and Evguenia Malaia); (2) Suggestions for the Design of E-Learning Environments to Enhance Learner Self-Efficacy (Charles B. Hodges); (3) Student and Teacher Use of Technology at the University Level (Peter Gobel and Makimi Kano); (4) Understanding and Applying Technology in Faculty Development Programs (Sharon L. Burton and Dustin Bessette); (5) Measuring Problem Solving Skills in "Portal 2" (Valerie J. Shute and Lubin Wang); (6) Students' Facebook Usage and Academic Achievement: A Case Study of Private University in Thailand (Wilailuk Sereetrakul); (7) Students' Usage of Facebook for Academic Purposes: A Case Study of Public and Private Universities in Thailand (Ampai Thongteeraparp); (8) Persistence of Cognitive Constructs Fostered by Hands-On Science Activities in Middle School Students (Rhonda Christensen, Gerald Knezek, Tandra Tyler-Wood, and David Gibson); (9) Spanning Knowledge Barriers in E-Learning Content Design (Tsai-Hsin Chu, Yi Lee, and Yen-Hsien Lee); (10) ASK LDT 2.0: A Web-Based Graphical Tool for Authoring Learning Designs (Panagiotis Zervas, Konstantinos Fragkos, and Demetrios G. Sampson); (11) Model of Emotional Expressions in Movements (Vladimir L. Rozaliev and Yulia A. Orlova); (12) The ANCESTOR Project: Aboriginal Computer Education through Storytelling (Marla Weston and Dianne Biin); (13) Context-Based Semantic Annotations in CoPEs: An Ontological and Rule-Based Approach (Souâad Boudebza, Lamia Berkani, and Faiçal Azouaou); (14) Mobile Augmented Reality in Supporting Peer Assessment: An Implementation in a Fundamental Design Course (Chung-Hsien Lan, Stefan Chao, Kinshuk, and Kuo-Hung Chao); (15) Intelligent Tutors in Immersive Virtual Environments (Peng Yan, Brian M. Slator, Bradley Vender, Wei Jin, Matti Kariluoma, Otto Borchert, Guy Hokanson, Vaibhav Aggarwal, Bob Cosmano, Kathleen T. Cox, André Pilch, and Andrew Marry); (16) Can Free-Range Students Save Some Schools? A Case Study on a Hybrid Classroom (Christopher Francis White); (17) ICT Support for Collaborative Learning--A Tale of Two Cities (Teresa Consiglio and Gerrit C. van der Veer); (18) Issues of Learning Games: From Virtual to Real (Thibault Carron, Philippe Pernelle, and Stéphane Talbot); (19) Data Challenges of Leveraging a Simulation to Assess Learning (David Gibson and Peter Jakl); (20) Self-Assessment and Reflection in a 1st Semester Course for Software Engineering Students (Jacob Nielsen, Gunver Majgaard, and Erik Sørensen); (21) Journey of Exploration on the Way towards Authentic Learning Environments (Merja Meriläinen and Maarika Piispanen); (22) Supporting the Strengths and Activity of Children with Autism in a Technology-Enhanced Learning Environment (Virpi Vellonen, Eija Kärnä, and Marjo Virnes); (23) Transforming Education in a Primary School: A Case Study (Cathleen A. Norris, Elliot Soloway, Chun Ming Tan, Chee Kit Looi, and Akhlaq Hossain); (24) Using Generic and Context-Specific Scaffolding to Support Authentic Science Inquiry (Brian R. Belland, Jiangyue Gu, Sara Armbrust, and Brant Cook); (25) Using a Facebook Group as a Forum to Distribute, Answer and Discuss Content: Influence on Achievement (Blanche W. O'Bannon, Virginia G. Britt, and Jeffrey L. Beard); (26) Some Psychometric and Design Implications of Game-Based Learning Analytics (David Gibson and Jody Clarke-Midura); (27) Piaget, Inhelder and "Minecraft" (Catherine C. Schifter, Maria Cipollone, and Frederick Moffat); (28) Math on a Sphere: Making Use of Public Displays in Education (Michael Eisenberg, Antranig Basman, and Sherry Hsi); (29) Research on the E-Textbook and E-Schoolbag in China: Constructing an Ecosystem of E-Textbook and E-Schoolbag (Yonghe Wu, Lin Lin, Xiaoling Ma, and Zhiting Zhu); (30) A Study on Improving Information Processing Abilities Based on PBL (Du Gyu Kim and JaeMu Lee); (31) Tablets in the Classroom: Improvisational Rhythms and Change through Bricolage (Bente Meyer); (32) Using REU Projects and Crowdsourcing to Facilitate Learning on Demand (Hong P. Liu and Jerry E. Klein); (33) iPads in Inclusive Classrooms: Ecologies of Learning (Bente Meyer); (34) Designing Learning Object Repositories as Systems for Managing Educational Communities Knowledge (Demetrios G. Sampson and Panagiotis Zervas); (35) The Configuration Process of a Community of Practice in the Collective Text Editor (Cláudia Zank and Patricia Alejandra Behar); (36) Cross-Continental Research Collaborations about Online Teaching (Kevin P. Gosselin and Maria Northcote); (37) Leverage Learning in the University Classroom (Melissa Roberts Becker, Pam Winn, and Susan Erwin); (38) Using Loop Learning and Critical Dialogue in Developing Innovative Literature Reviews (Marilyn K. Simon and Jim Goes); (39) Developing a Connectivist MOOC at a College of Education: Narrative of Disruptive Innovation? (Dalit Levy and Sarah Schrire); (40) The Cognitive Cost of Chatting While Attending a Lecture: A Temporal Analysis (Chris Bigenho, Lin Lin, Caroline Gold, Arjun Gupta, and Lindsay Rawitscher); (41) "Visual Selves": Construction Science Students' Perceptions about Their Abilities to Represent Spatial Related Problems Internally and Externally (Tamera McCuen and Xun Ge); (42) Educational Affordances That Support Development of Innovative Thinking Skills in Large Classes (Julaine Fowlin, Catherine Amelink, and Glenda Scales); (43) Technology and Curriculum Standards: How Well Do Internet-Based Learning Games Support Common Core Standards for Mathematics? (Teri Bingham and Jan Ray); (44) English Proficiency and Participation in Online Discussion for Learning (Steve Leung); (45) Problem-Based Educational Game Becomes Student-Centered Learning Environment (Pornpimon Rodkroh, Praweenya Suwannatthachote, and Wannee Kaemkate); (46) Technology and Cognition Merge with Challenge-Based Learning Cycles Online (Shelley L. Cobbett); (47) Student-Driven Classroom Technologies: Transmedia Navigation and Transformative Communications (Leila A. Mills, Gerald A. Knezek, and Jenny S. Wakefield); (48) The Investigation of Pre-Service Teachers' Concerns about Integrating Web 2.0 Technologies into Instruction (Yungwei Hao, Shiou-ling Wang, Su-jen Chang, Yin-hung Hsu, and Ren-yen Tang); (49) An Examination of Teachers' Integration of Web 2.0 Technologies in Secondary Classrooms: A Phenomenological Study (Ling Wang); (50) Perceived Affordances of a Technology-Enhanced Active Learning Classroom in Promoting Collaborative Problem Solving (Xun Ge, Yu Jin Yang, Lihui Liao, and Erin G. Wolfe); (51) Authentic Learning through GBL: Using Inquiry and PBL Strategies to Accomplish Specific Learning Outcomes through Smart Games in Formal and Informal Settings (Brad Hoge); (52) Dealing with Unseen Obstacles to Education in the Digital Age (Valerie J. H. Powell, Arif Sirinterlikci, Christopher Zomp, Randall S. Johnson, Phillip Miller, and James C. Powell); (53) Implementing Collaborative Design in the Next Series of eLearning Platforms (Dorothy Kropf); (54) Facing the Challenge--Developing an Instructional Plan for Portuguese as Foreign Language in Brazil Based on Multiliteracy (Ana Flora Schlindwein); (55) Life-Long Learning and Social Responsibility Obligations (Robin Mayes); (56) The Contributions of Digital Concept Maps to Assessment for Learning Practices (Mehmet Filiz, David Trumpower, and Sait Atas); (57) Don't Waste Student Work: Using Classroom Assignments to Contribute to Online Resources (Jim Davies); (58) Leveraging Sociocultural Theory to Create a Mentorship Program for Doctoral Students (Matt Crosslin, Jenny S. Wakefield, Phyllis Bennette, and James William Black, III); (59) Demonstrable Competence: An Assessment Method for Competency Domains in Learning and Leadership Doctoral Program (David W. Rausch and Elizabeth K. Crawford); (60) Confidence-Based Assessments within an Adult Learning Environment (Paul Novacek); (61) Effect of Digitally-Inspired Instruction on Seventh Grade Science Achievement (Pam Winn, Susan Erwin, Melissa Becker, and Misty White); (62) Interactive Technologies for Teacher Training: Comparing Performance and Assessment in Second Life and SimSchool (Julia Meritt, David Gibson, Rhonda Christensen, and Gerald Knezek); (63) Some Considerations on Digital Reading (Rodrigo Esteves de Lima-Lopes); (64) An Alternative Approach to Test Analysis and Interpretation (J. C. Powell); (65) Volition Support Design Model (ChanMin Kim); (66) Tekking: Transversing Virtual and International Boundaries to Explore and Develop Effective Adult Learner Experiences (Ruth Gannon Cook); (67) Strengthening Parent-Child Relationships through Co-Playing Video Games (Anneliese Sheffield and Lin Lin); and (68) Reflection Paper on a Ubiquitous English Vocabulary Learning System: Evidence of Active/Passive Attitude vs. Usefulness/Ease-of-Use (Jeff Lim). An author index is included. Individual papers contain references. Luís Rodrigues is the associate editor of these proceedings.

These proceedings contain the papers of the International Conference e-Learning 2013, which was organised by the International Association for Development of the Information Society and is part of the Multi Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems (Prague, Czech Republic, July 23-26, 2013). The e-Learning 2013 conference aims to address the main issues of concern within e-Learning. This conference covers both technical as well as the non-technical aspects of e-Learning. The conference accepts submissions in the following seven main areas: Organisational Strategy and Management Issues; Technological Issues; e-Learning Curriculum Development Issues; Instructional Design Issues; e-Learning Delivery Issues; e-Learning Research Methods and Approaches; e-Skills and Information Literacy for Learning. Keynote papers in these proceedings include: (1) Thoughts on the Quality of Learning in MOOCs (Thomas C. Reeves); and (2) Social Networks as the support of the e-Learning (Jan Lojda). Full papers in these proceedings include: (1) Evaluation of Visual Computer Simulator for Computer Architecture Education (Yoshiro Imai, Masatoshi Imai and Yoshio Moritoh); (2) Understanding Children's Museum Learning from Multimedia Instruction (Asmidah Alwi and Elspeth McKay ); (3) How Does the "Digital Generation" Get Help on Their Mathematics Homework? (Carla van de Sande, May Boggess and Catherine Hart-Weber); (4) Productization and Commercialization of IT-Enabled Higher Education in Computer Science: A Systematic Literature Review (Irja Kankaanpää and Hannakaisa Isomäki); (5) Motivating an Action Design Research Approach to Implementing Online Training in an Organizational Context (Christine Rogerson and Elsje Scott ); (6) Social e-Learning in Topolor: A Case Study (Lei Shi, Dana Al Qudah and Alexandra I. Cristea); (7) Training Educators: Plan for Replicating the Experience (Ulanbek Mambetakunov and Marina Ribaudo); (8) Choosing Learning Methods Suitable for Teaching and Learning in Computer Science (Estelle Taylor, Marnus Breed, Ilette Hauman and Armando Homann); (9) Teaching AI Search Algorithms in a Web-Based Educational System (Foteini Grivokostopoulou and Ioannis Hatzilygeroudis ); (10) Digital Histories for the Digital Age: Collaborative Writing in Large Lecture Courses (Leen-Kiat Soh, Nobel Khandaker and William G. Thomas); (11) Promoting Scientific Literacy through the Online Argumentation System (Chun-Yen Tsai); (12) Using a Techno-Skepticism Framework to Evaluate the Perception and Acceptance of a New Online Reading List (Ajmal Sultany and Samantha Halford); (13) SMS-Based Learning in Tertiary Education: Achievement and Attitudinal Outcomes (Yaacov J Katz); (14) e-Portfolios @ Teacher Training: An Evaluation of Technological and Motivational Factors (Alfred Klampfer and Thomas Köhler ); (15) Effects of Facebook Tutoring on Learning English as a Second Language (Chang-hwa Wang and Cheng-ping Chen); (16) An Italian Experience of Social Learning at High School (Michelle Pieri, Davide Diamantini and Germano Paini); (17) Distance Education: Educational Trajectory Control (Andrey Isaev, Alla Kravets, Ludmila Isaeva and Sergey Fomenkov); (18) Leadership for Sustaining Pedagogical Innovations in ICT Implementation: A Case Study of Taiwanese Vocational High School (Yih-Shyuan Chen, Yu-Horng Chen, Shun-Jyh Wu and Fang-Kai Tang); (19) Towards to a Versatile Tele-Education Platform for Computer Science Educators Based on the Greek School Network (Michael Paraskevas, Thomas Zarouchas, Panagiotis Angelopoulos and Isidoros Perikos); (20) Adaptive Feedback Improving Learningful Conversations at Workplace (Matteo Gaeta, Giuseppina Rita Mangione, Sergio Miranda and Francesco Orciuoli); (21) Teachers Little Helper: Multi-Math-Coach (Martin Ebner, Martin Schön, Behnam Taraghi and Michael Steyrer); (22) Youflow Microblog: Encouraging Discussions for Learning (Rafael Krejci and Sean W. M. Siqueira); (23) Interaction Problems Accessing e-Learning Environments in Multi-Touch Mobile Devices: A Case Study in Teleduc (André Constantino da Silva, Fernanda Maria Pereira Freire, Alan Victor Pereira de Arruda and Heloísa Vieira da Rocha); (24) Integrating a Learning Management System with a Student Assignments Digital Repository. A Case Study (Javier Díaz, Alejandra Schiavoni, María Alejandra Osorio, Ana Paola Amadeo and María Emilia Charnelli); (25) On the Recommender System for University Library (Shunkai Fu, Yao Zhang and Seinminn); (26) Developing and Implementing a New Online Bachelor Program: Formal Adoption of Videoconferencing and Social Networking as a Step towards M-Learning (Roland van Oostveen and François Desjardins); (27) Developing a User Oriented Design Methodology for Learning Activities Using Boundary Objects (?lga Fragou and Achilles Kameas); (28) User Acceptance of a Haptic Interface for Learning Anatomy (Soonja Yeom, Derek Choi-Lundberg, Andrew Fluck and Arthur Sale); (29) e-Learning Software for Improving Students Music Performance Using Comparisons (M. Delgado, W. Fajardo and M. Molina-Solana); (30) A Digital Game for International Students Adjustments (Maryam Bisadi, Alton Y.K Chua and Lee Chu Keong); (31) Developing an ICT-Literacy Task-Based Assessment Instrument: The Findings on the Final Testing Phase (Jessnor Elmy Mat-jizat); (32) Peer Tutoring in the CIS Sandbox: Does it Work? (Mark Frydenberg); (33) e-Competent Teacher and Principal as the Foundation of e-Competent School e-Education, the Largest School Informatization Project in Slovenia 2008-2013 (Magdalena Šverc, Andrej Flogie, Maja Vicic Krabonja and Kristjan Percic); (34) Collaborative Tools in Upper Secondary School--Why? (Helle Mathiasen, Hans-Peter Degn, Christian Dalsgaard, Christian W Bech and Claus Gregersen); (35) Adaptation of Educational Text to an Open Interactive Learning System: A Case Study for RETUDIS (M. Samarakou, E.D. Fylladitakis, G. Tsaganou, J. Gelegenis, D. Karolidis, P. Prentakis and A. Papadakis); and (36) Using Podcasts in Distance Education (Herman Koppelman). Short papers in these proceedings include: (1) Big Data & Learning Analytics: A Potential Way to Optimize eLearning Technological Tools (Olga Arranz García and Vidal Alonso Secades); (2) Critical Factors in Mobile eLearning: A Quasi-Systematic Review (Sergio Assis Rodrigues, Rodrigo Pereira dos Santos, Lucas Arnaud and Jano Moreira de Souza); (3) Analysis of Instruction Models in Smart Education (JaeHyeong Park, JeongWon Choi and YoungJun Lee); (4) The History Harvest: An Experiment in Democratizing the Past through Experiential Learning (William G. Thomas and Patrick D. Jones); (5) Challenges of Mongolian e-Learning and An Improvement Method of Implementation (S.Baigaltugs, B. Munkhchimeg and J.Alimaa); (6) Towards a Trust Model in e-Learning: Antecedents of a Student's Trust (Woraluck Wongse-ek, Gary B Wills and Lester Gilbert); (7) Elemental Learning as a Framework for e-Learning (John V. Dempsey and Brenda C. Litchfield); (8) An Interactive Training Game Using 3D Sound for Visually Impaired People (Hsiao Ping Lee, Yen-Hsuan Huang and Tzu-Fang Sheu); (9) e-Learning Practice-Oriented Training in Physics: The Competence Information (Alla G. Kravets, Oxana V. Titova and Olga A. Shabalina); (10) Student Experiences on Interaction in an Online Learning Environment as Part of a Blended Learning Implementation: What is Essential? (Laura Salmi); (11) Usability Assessment of e-Cafe Operational Management Simulation Game (Chiung-sui Chang and Ya-Ping Huang); (12) System for Automatic Generation of Examination Papers in Discrete Mathematics (Mikael Fridenfalk); (13) Direction of Contents Development for Smart Education (YoungSun Park, SangJin An and YoungJun Lee); (14) Online Training in Australia (Joze Kuzic); (15) Using Facebook as a Virtual Classroom in a Public University in Mexico City (Miguel Angel Herrera Batista); (16) Exploring Competency Development with Mobile Devices (Maurice DiGiuseppe, Elita Partosoedarso, Roland Van Oostveen and Francois Desjardins); (17) A Study of the Metacognition Performance in Online Learning (Ya-Ping Huang and Chiung-Sui Chang); (18) Educational Company and e-Learning (František Manlig, Eva Šlaichová, Vera Pelantová, Michala Šimúnová, František Koblasa and Jan Vavruška ); (19) Structural Constructivism as an Epistemology for Professional e-Learning: Implications & Recommendations for the Design of ECPD Pedagogical Models (Gurmit Singh and Maggie McPherson); (20) e-Learning System for Experiments Involving Construction of Practical Electric Circuits (Atsushi Takemura); (21) Component-Based Approach in Learning Management System Development (Larisa Zaitseva, Jekaterina Bule and Sergey Makarov); (22) Learning Portfolio as a Service--A Restful Style (Shueh-Cheng Hu, I-Ching Chen and Yaw-Ling Lin); (23) Context Aware Recommendations in the Course Enrollment Process Based on Curriculum Guidelines (Vangel V. Ajanovski); and (24) A Model of e-Learning Uptake and Continued Use in Higher Education Institutions (Nakarin Pinpathomrat, Lester Gilbert and Gary B Wills). Reflections papers in these proceedings include: (1) The Development of Logical Structures for e-Learning Evaluation (Uranchimeg Tudevdagva, Wolfram Hardt and Jargalmaa Dolgor); (2) Ethics in e-Learning (Alena Bušíková and Zuzana Melicheríková); (3) A Comparative Study of e-Learning System for Smart Education (SangJin An, Eunkyoung Lee and YoungJun Lee); (4) Alternative Assessment Techniques for Blended and Online Courses (Brenda C. Litchfield and John V. Dempsey); (5) Assessing the Structure of a Concept Map (Thanasis Giouvanakis, Haido Samaras, Evangelos Kehris and Asterios Mpakavos); (6) Implementations for Assessing Web 2.0 on Education (Gabriel Valerio and Ricardo Valenzuela); (7) Storytelling: Discourse Analysis for Understanding Collective Perceptions of Medical Education (Yianna Vovides and Sarah Inman); (8) Perception and Practice of Taiwanese EFL Learners' Making Vocabulary Flashcards on Quizlet (Chin-Wen Chien); (9) A Study of Perceptions of Online Education among Professionals (Parviz Ghandforoush); and (10) The Design of the Test Format for Tablet Computers in Blended Learning Environments: A Study of the Test Approach-Avoidance Tendency of University Students (Takeshi Kitazawa). Posters in these proceedings include: (1) Blended Lessons of Teaching Method for Information Studies in Which Students Produce a Learning Guidance Plan (Isao Miyaji); (2) Factors Affecting Teenager Cyber Delinquency (Young Ju Joo, Kyu Yon Lim, Sun Yoo Cho, Bo Kyung Jung and Se Bin Choi); (3) Personalized Virtual Learning Environment from the Detection of Learning Styles (M. L. Martínez Cartas, N. Cruz Pérez, D. Deliche Quesada, and S. Mateo Quero); (4) Distance Online Course for Librarian in Mongolia, Reflection and Learned Lesson (Uranchimeg Tudevdagva and Garamkhand Surendeleg); (5) The Design and Development of a Computerized Attention-Training Game System for School-Aged Children (Tsui-Ying Wang and Ho-Chuan Huang); (6) Discovering Visual Scanning Patterns in a Computerized Cancellation Test (Ho-Chuan Huang and Tsui-Ying Wang); and (7) The Effects of Self-Determination on Learning Outcomes in a Blended Learning (Young Ju Joo, Kyu Yon Lim, Sang Yoon Han, Yoo Kyoung Ham and Aran Kang). Luís Rodrigues is an associate editor of the proceedings. Individual papers contain references. An author index is included.

These proceedings contain the papers of the International Conference on Mobile Learning 2013, which was organised by the International Association for Development of the Information Society, in Lisbon, Portugal, March 14-16, 2013. The Mobile Learning 2013 International Conference seeks to provide a forum for the presentation and discussion of mobile learning research which illustrate developments in the field. Papers in these proceedings include: (1) Common Mobile Learning Characteristics--An Analysis of Mobile Learning Models and Frameworks (Umera Imtinan, Vanessa Chang and Tomayess Issa); (2) Walking towards Instrumental Appropriation of Mobile Devices. A Comparison of Studies (Maria José Hernandez Serrano and Lingling Yang); (3) Twitter Micro-Blogging Based Mobile Learning Approach to Enhance the Agriculture Education Process (Uvasara Dissanayeke, K. P. Hewagamage, Robert Ramberg, and G. N. Wikramanayake); (4) Designing Mixed Reality Mobile Games for Crisis Management Training (Ines Di Loreto, Simone Mora, and Monica Divitini); (5) From Learning Object to Learning Cell: A Resource Organization Model for Ubiquitous Learning (Shengquan Yu, Xianmin Yang and Gang Cheng); (6) Lingobee--Crowd-Sourced Mobile Language Learning in the Cloud (Sobah Abbas Petersen, Emma Procter-Legg and Annamaria Cacchione); (7) Media Creation and Sharing in Informal, Situated, Authentic Mobile Learning for Local Cultural Diversity Investigation (Jacek Walinski); (8) Text Messaging for Out-of-Class Communication: Impact on Affective Learning (Paul Hayes, Stephan Weibelzahl and Tim Hall); (9) Prisma-Mar: An Architecture Model for Data Visualization in Augmented Reality Mobile Devices (Mauro Alexandre Folha Gomes Costa, Bianchi Serique Meiguins, Nikolas S. Carneiro and Aruanda Simões Gonçalves Meiguins); (10) What Do Context Aware Electronic Alerts from Virtual Learning Environments Tell Us About User Time & Location? (Laura Crane and Phillip Benachour); (11) Tablet Computers on Trial: A Transformative Force in Education? (Skúlína Hlíf Kjartansdóttir and Sólveig Jakobsdóttir); (12) Development and Use of an EFL Reading Practice Application for an Android Tablet Computer (Yasushige Ishikawa, Craig Smith, Mutsumi Kondo, Ichiro Akano, Kate Maher and Norihisa Wada); (13) Mobile Learning Application Interfaces: First Steps to a Cognitive Load Aware System (Robin Deegan); (14) "Mobile Phones and Other Disturbing Objects..." (Torbjörn Ott); (15) Role of Passive Capturing in a Ubiquitous Learning Environment (Hiroaki Ogata, Bin Hou, Mengmeng Li, Noriko Uosaki and Kousuke Mouri); (16) Android Based Mobile Environment for Moodle Users (Gisela T. de Clunie, Clifton Clunie, Aris Castillo and Norman Rangel); (17) A Mobile Platform for Administering Questionnaires and Synchronizing their Answers (Maria Germana Ginardi and Giordano Lanzola); (18) Future Educators' Explaining Voices (Janaina Minelli de Oliveira, Pablo Buenestado Caballero and Mar Camacho); (19) A Framework for the Creation of Mobile Educational Games for Dyslexic Children (Juan Haladjian, Daniel Richter, Paul Muntean, Damir Ismailovic and Bernd Brügge); (20) Mobile Learning 4All (Secundino Correia, Paula Medeiros, Mafalda Mendes and Margarida Silva); (21) Location-Aware Mobile Learning of Spatial Algorithms (Ville Karavirta); (22) Learning with Smartphones: Students' Lived Experience of Using Smartphones (Nee Nee Chan, Alan Walker-Gleaves and Richard Remedios); (23) Investigation of Using Analytics in Promoting Mobile Learning Support (Videhi Visali and Niraj Swami); (24) Tablet Use within Medicine (Rebecca J. Hogue); (25) Benefits and Financial Impacts of Adopting Technology in Learning (Katri Grenman, Minna Isomursu, Maija Federley and Anu Seisto); (26) m-Learning for Qur'an Memorization and Teaching its Sciences (Ahmed Sameh); (27) Learning Potentials of the Ubiquitous Internet: Using Mobile Devices to Support the Individual, Social and Physical Context of the Learner (Christian Dalsgaard, Nicholai Friis Pedersen and Janus Holst Aaen); (28) Smartphones in Clinical Nursing Practice: A Multi-Phased Approach to Implementation and Deployment (Brad Johnson, C. J. Davison and Lisa Moralejo); (29) Transmedia Storybuilding in Sloyd (Annika Wiklund-Engblom, Kasper Hiltunen, Juha Hartvik and Mia Porko-Hudd); (30) Mobile Learning in Secondary Education: Perceptions and Acceptance of Tablets of Teachers and Pupils (Hannelore Montrieux, Cédric Courtois, Frederik De Grove, Annelies Raes, Tammy Schellens and Lieven De Marez); (31) Ondigita: A Platform for the Management and Delivery of Digital Documents (Riccardo Mazza, Andrea Baldassari and Roberto Guidi); (32) From Radio, to Satellite, to mLearning: Interactive Distance Education in Australia (Stephen Crump); (33) Flipped Approach to Mobile Assisted Language Learning (Junko Yamamoto); (34) Mobile Pedagogy (Lee Schlenker); (35) Context and Concepts in Mobile Learning (Jimmy Jaldemark); (36) m-Learning Systems Design--Technology and Pedagogy Aspects (Elissaveta Gourova, Asya Asenova and Pavlin Dulev); (37) The Potential for Mobile Learning in English as a Foreign Language and Nursing Education (C. J. Davison); (38) Promoting STEM Education through Mobile Teaching and Learning (Murali Krishnamurthi and Stephanie Richter); (39) A Learning Community Explores the Potential of Mobile Apps in Higher Education (Joan Van Duzer and Kathy D. Munoz); (40) Mobile Learning Application Based on RSS Feed Technology (Mahmoud Mohanna and Laurence Capus); (41) Mobile Learning Using Mobile Phones (Paula Vicente); (42) Suitability of m-Learning to Enhance Learning English Language (J. F. Fazeena, Y. Ekanayaka and K. P. Hewagamage); (43) Integrated Authoring Tool for Mobile Augmented Reality-Based E-Learning Applications (Marcos Fermín Lobo, Víctor Manuel Álvarez García and María del Puerto Paule Ruiz); and (44) Enhancing Mobile Working Memory Training by Using Affective Feedback (Kristina Schaaff). [Individual papers contain references. An author index is included. Luís Rodrigues is an associate editor of these proceedings.]

These proceedings contain the papers of the International Conference on Educational Technologies 2013 (ICEduTech 2013), which has been organised by the International Association for Development of the Information Society and co-organised by the Faculty of Computer Science & Information Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 29 November - 1 December 2013. ICEduTech is the scientific conference addressing the real topics as seen by teachers, students, parents and school leaders. Scientists, professionals and institutional leaders are invited to be informed by experts, sharpen the understanding what education needs and how to achieve it. Papers in these proceedings include: (1) Learning in the Networked Society (Piet Kommers); (2) Mediating Authentic Learning: The Use of Wiki's and Blogs in an Undergraduate Curriculum in South Africa (Simone Titus); (3) Professional Learning to Nurture Adaptive Teachers (Kar-Tin Lee); (4) Understanding TPACK in Practice: Praxis through Technological Pedagogical Reasoning (Glenn Finger and Paul Finger); (5) A Comparison of Low Performing Students' Achievements in Factoring Cubic Polynomials Using Three Different Strategies (Ugorji I. Ogbonnaya, David L. Mogari, and Eric Machisi); (6) Factors Influencing the Acceptance of Collaboration Technology within the Context of Virtual Teamwork Training (Joy J. Godin and Lars F. Leader); (7) Surveillance in Programming Plagiarism beyond Techniques: An Incentive-Based Fishbone Model (Yanqing Wang, Min Chen, Yaowen Liang, and Yu Jiang); (8) Elearning Strategic Planning 2020: The Voice of Future Students as Stakeholders in Higher Education (Glenn Finger and Vicky Smart); (9) Laptops in Classroom Interaction: The Dynamic Reach of the Laptoped Situation (Tomas Lindroth, Johan Lundin, and Lars Svensson); (10) Salapiggy: Usability Test of the Sifteo Cubes as a Game Interface for the Money Counting Game for Preschoolers (Adrian Orense, Berlyn Anne Decena, and Rommel Feria); (11) An Ontology for Software Engineering Education (Thong Chee Ling, Yusmadi Yah Jusoh, Rusli Adbullah, and Nor Hayati Alwi); (12) Technology Enhanced Analytics (TEA) in Higher Education (Ben Kei Daniel and Russell Butson); (13) Teachers' Learning in Online Communities of Practice: Two Case Studies from Australia (Ria Hanewald); (13) Teaching Teachers for the Future Project: Building TPACK Confidence and Capabilities for Elearning (Glenn Finger, Romina Jamieson-Proctor, and Peter Grimbeek); (14) The Comparison of Inductive Reasoning under Risk Conditions between Chinese and Japanese Based on Computational Models: Toward the Application to CAE for Foreign Language (Yujie Zhang, Asuka Terai, and Masanori Nakagawa); (15) Use and Production of Open Educational Resources (OER): A Pilot Study of Underground Students' Perceptions (Khe Foon Hew and Wing Sum Cheung); (16) Teaching 21st Century Competencies: Lessons from Crescent Girls' School in Singapore (Gucci Trinidad, Deepa Patel, Linda Shear, Peishi Goh, Yin Kang Quek, and Chen Kee Tan); (17) Research on Demand Analysis of the Users of the Senior English Diagnostic System (Chen Guo, Hui Zhang, Qian Yao, and Min Wu); (18) Using Self-Reflection and Badges in Moodle-Based Medical English Review Courses for Enhancing Learners' Autonomy (Jun Iwata, John Clayton and Sarah-Jane Saravani); (19) Investigating the Use of Social Media by University Undergraduate Informatics Programmes in Malaysia (Jane See Yin Lim, Shirley Agostinho, Barry Harper, and Joe F. Chicharo); (20) Educational Online Technologies in Blended Tertiary Environments: A Review of Literature (Kimberley N. Tuapawa); and (21) How Teachers Use and Manage Their Blogs? A Cluster Analysis of Teachers' Blogs in Taiwan. Individual papers contain references. An author index is included.

Technology to support collaborative learning has come a long way. Interactive tabletops support collaboration when correctly integrated in activity design. While these devices can now, in principle, be purchased by the general public, wide adoption in schools is hindered by their high cost and lack of mobility. In this paper, we analyze the potential technologies that could replace such devices. After developing a dozen prototypes to further test the potential of the most promising technologies, we found one robust, affordable and accurate solution: SPART (on-Surface Positioning for Augmented RealiTy) allows augmenting any flat surface (images etc.) with tablets or smartphones, addressing both affordability and mobility. This paper focuses on the technological innovations that were designed for SPART. [For the full proceedings, see ED659933.]

This paper explores the affordances of mobile learning in developing frameworks for discourse analysis. Specifically, this paper examines the commognitive analysis of classroom discourses in virtual learning environments (VLEs) and how it resolves the challenges of discourse analysis in face-to-face (F2F) settings. With the ongoing social turn of mathematics education research comes the widespread adoption of discourse analysis in educational research. The shift towards virtual learning technologies necessitated by the recent COVID-19 crisis has led to the development of various tools and processes that enable the teaching-learning process to occur in the virtual environment. While the initial drive to adapt these tools has since subsided, the advantages of utilizing them remain apparent. As the teaching-learning process moves into virtual environments, so should research methodologies. As part of a broader study that attempts to develop a framework for characterizing commognitive conflicts and the corresponding teacher actions, this paper presents insights from the initial phases in the framework development process where a virtual learning environment was used to examine the integrity of the discourse analytic framework. This paper will discuss how the framework development benefited from using a virtual learning environment--how it mitigated the challenges of discursive approaches and the unique insights it offers for refining the framework compared to applying the framework directly in face-to-face classroom settings. Results from this work suggest that essential components of the mobile learning experience, such as VLEs, are advantageous to the development of discursive research approaches, such as in the case of developing a framework for identifying commognitive conflicts. [For the full proceedings, see ED659933.]

The local environment can be explored to sustain effective sustainability learning. With this aim, new learning methodologies can be fostered, namely mobile and game-based learning, as is the case of the EduPARK app. This app supports innovative learning strategies through treasure hunt games, integrating multimedia and augmented reality resources, in natural spaces. This paper presents a pilot case study of a pedagogical approach based on the exploration of a game in the EduPARK app, in the outdoors. The game was developed to be explored in the largest annual event of the University of Aveiro (UA)--XPERiMENTA 2022--where students of several ages and the wider community are invited to participate in diverse activities on the campuses. The main goal of the activity "XPERiMENTA with EduPARK in the UA Campus" was to raise basic education students' awareness towards nature conservation. Eighteen students (14 and 15 years-old) explored an interdisciplinary educational game that encouraged them to follow a path through the UA Campuses to promote learning related to recycling, renewable energies, food waste, and ocean plastic pollution. Simultaneously, curricular contents of Science, Mathematics, Education for Citizenship, and cultural aspects of the city of Aveiro were articulated. At the end of the activity, an individual and anonymous questionnaire to evaluate the activity was applied. Students revealed a positive attitude towards the EduPARK app, as their answers revealed they felt motivated to learn during the game. Additionally, students reached a good performance in the game, although difficulties in one specific question were identified. This paper presents preliminary results that will inform the development of a new related project, the EduCITY, that aims to promote education for sustainability through a smart learning city environment. [For the full proceedings, see ED639391.]

Global Employability Skills are skills that students acquire during their study period, that are in addition to their academic knowledge and skills, and that would help in their careers. As students continue their university journeys, they often overlook or underestimate the importance of developing Global Employability Skills that employers may consider important for their jobs. In this paper, we present a mobile application, the GES App, designed to help students recognize, document, and articulate their skills to their prospective employees. The GES App is designed to stimulate university students to reflect upon their experiences and assess the skills they may develop outside of their formal university studies. This paper presents how such an app could support students plan their careers and develop their Global Employability Skills that would make them more attractive to their future employers. A use case scenario is described to illustrate the role the GES App could play, from the perspectives of students, staff, and employers. [For the full proceedings, see ED639391.]

This paper introduces web viewers for educational VR contents. Recently, many types of VR goggles have been released as commercial products and many entertainment applications for them have been created. However, educational VR contents have been created so far are not so many because the creation of VR contents is time consuming task. We need to create many educational VR contents to enhance educational efficiency using VR technology. On the other hand, many types of scanning devices have been researched and developed, e.g., Lidar cameras, 360VR cameras and so on. Using these scanning devices, we can obtain 3D data like Point Cloud Data (PCD), 3D model data, 360VR images/videos. To use these 3D data as educational VR contents, we need viewer applications for them. In this paper, the authors propose such viewer applications as web services. The proposed web viewers also have functionality to upload 3D data from users' web-browser to the web-server on that the web viewers are stored. Therefore, it becomes possible for users like teachers to provide other users like students with educational VR contents as web contents. In addition, as the proposed web viewers support VR goggles, they provide students with immersive environments. [For the full proceedings, see ED639391.]

This paper discusses the "Just Keep Solving" apps that are designed based on deliberate practice model for developing mathematical skills. Features of deliberate practice include well-defined goals involving areas of weakness as determined by a knowledgeable other such as a teacher. The integration of game design features provides a positive environment wherein the learning goals critical in a deliberate practice model are emphasized. Possible strategies for integrating the apps in a classroom are also discussed using Hughes, Thomas and Scharber's RAT (Replacement, Amplification, Transformation) framework. The games can replace traditional pen-and-paper classroom activities, amplify learning by personalizing a student's experience and providing opportunities for deliberate practice, and transform instruction from being teacher-centered to student-centered. [For the full proceedings, see ED639391.]

This paper discusses the distribution, through a digital datacasting framework, of mathematical resources for Grades 1 to 7 to two schools in a community in the Philippines. Among the mathematical resources made available, are mathematical applications (apps), which run on mobile technologies, that have been created to help in the mathematical learning of students in a remote setting. The distribution is facilitated by the RuralCasting set-top box, a developed custom set-top box capable of receiving digital TV broadcasts and providing local content access through its Wi-Fi network. This paper presents the performance of the set-top box in distributing the mobile mathematical apps, and a short discussion on the mathematical applications deployed. [For the full proceedings, see ED639391.]

The increasing technological development of computers, tablets and smartphones has enabled a rapid increase in the adoption of mobile technology for language teaching and learning, and numerous applications that provide easy access for any learner without limitations of place and time have been developed. This paper shows the study of grammatical treatment using corrective feedback supported by mobile applications. The study subjects were first-level students of the language institute, where a control and experimental study was carried out. The experimental group was evaluated with paper-based assessments and the control group with the Canvas mobile application. Subsequently, a statistical analysis was performed for data analysis. The results show that there was a 4.9% improvement in the grades of students who used the application and received corrective feedback. [For the full proceedings, see ED639391.]

In today's modern age, digital technologies are an essential part of everyone's life, so students must learn to use them in primary school. The specific competences defined in the European Digital Competence Framework DigComp 2.1 (2017) are divided into six areas. The Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic has subsequently drawn on this document to add digital competences to its Framework Education Programme (FEP). For this reason, a research experiment was conducted in the context of primary school teaching, which included the design of several specific lessons. The aim of this experiment was to test the research question of whether online collaboration between students using the BYOD model would lead to the acquisition of the subject curriculum, as well as the acquisition of selected digital competences. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to present a design of a Geography teaching method in which students develop not only their subject knowledge but also selected digital competences, using the H5P application and the creation of a multimedia learning object, and to present the results of the research carried out. The paper includes a description of the individual lessons, the tasks set for the pupils and the methodology for the teachers. [For the full proceedings, see ED639391.]

This paper presents the results of a research conducted in a group of Youth Palace in Olsztyn participants. Two different keyboards were used in the experiment to teach how to recognize the timbres of selected musical instruments. Obtained results clearly showed that musical education with the use of keyboards significantly develops timbre hearing of children and youth. The research group performed much better in the tests in comparison with the control group. A danger appearing during this kind of training is the listener getting used to a given timbre (sample). Big part of psychoacoustic research is limited to acoustic stimuli not related to the art of music in a real way, which does not allow the use of this type of research and stimuli in musical didactics. The experiment presented in this paper is based on generating musical sounds that have worked well in education. [For the full proceedings, see ED636095.]

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the affordances of the e-assessment system Numbas from an Activity Theory perspective. The study follows a qualitative research design combined with semi-structured interviews with six students and two teachers. The findings reveal that the students were able to perceive and actualise several affordances of Numbas, such as ease of use and navigation and possession of facility to contain mathematical knowledge. The participants acknowledged that Numbas affords variation in mathematical contents and support for the development of pen and paper skills. Numbas also affords learner's autonomy and motivation to engage in mathematical problem-solving. Findings further show that Numbas promotes formative assessment. This can be seen from the high level of affordance perception and actualisation amongst students and teachers. [For the full proceedings, see ED636095.]

This paper provides a possible strategy for integrating large language artificial intelligence models (LLMs) in supporting students' education in artistic or design activities. We outline the methodological foundations concerning the integration of CHATGPT LLM in the educational approach aimed at enhancing artistic conception and design ideation. We also present the knowledge and system architecture for integrating LLM in the °'°Kobi system. Finally, this paper discusses some relevant aspects concerning the system's application in a real educational context and briefly reports its preliminary assessment. [For the full proceedings, see ED636095.]

This article focuses on the work of teachers in the conditions of mobile learning, since teachers perform various activities related to preparation of classes, training and students' assessment in digital learning environment. The analysis emphasizes the fact that the responsibilities of modern teachers are becoming more complicated, following the challenges of information technologies and the expectations of the new generation of learners. The paper examines various digital resources used by teachers, tracks their effectiveness, and presents the results of conducted researches. The main idea of the article is to present the restructuring of the learning environment related to the introduction of various digital tools, requiring more interactivity and improving students' achievements, as well as increasing the digital skills and competences of the teachers themselves. It is concluded that the use of digital resources stimulates students' interest and increases their activity. [For the full proceedings, see ED659933.]

This paper introduces CoCo, a system designed to support and encourage collaborative learning among colocated students sharing a single mobile device. It provides teachers with the possibility to create digital lessons, configure parameters for collaborative activities such as the number of students and tablets, and monitor students' progress. On the other side, students use the tablet mobile application with an implemented split screen feature which can support up to four colocated users. This approach could be advantageous for organizations with limited technology resources and a restricted budget. [For the full proceedings, see ED659933.]

Introduction: This study aimed to develop a cost-effective suturing and knot typing simulator that aligns with the expectations of experts, addressing the need for affordable yet high-quality medical training tools. The focus was on assessing the efficacy of a silicone skin suture task trainer, created through a 3D printed mold, for use in mobile learning, specifically in rural and remote contexts. Methods: Rural and remote trainees participating in a skills acquisition workshop, engaged in a 90-minute suturing simulation station. They received minimal feedback from physician educators to simulate independent practice. After the practice, they completed a survey assessing the acceptability and feasibility of the simulator for the intended training purpose, as well as providing feedback for future improvements. Results: Results from quantitative data revealed the simulator's potential to develop competence (4.2 out of 5) and confidence (4.1 out of 5). Participants expressed a readiness to practice suturing independently using the simulator (4.3 out of 5). Notably, the realism of the simulator was identified as an area for improvement in terms of anatomical correctness (3.6 out of 5) and accuracy (3.4 out of 5), while durability scored high (4 out of 5). Participants found the simulator easy to use (4.4 out of 5) and well-suited for developing cognitive (4.4 out of 5) and psychomotor skills (4.2 out of 5) related to suturing and knot typing. Several improvements were noted, especially in the areas of anatomical representativeness, material selection, and interactions between the simulator and clinical tools. Conclusions: This paper outlines the acceptability and feasibility of the simulator, designed to complement an online learning management system for hands-on clinical skill learning within the mobile learning paradigm. Despite high self-efficacy and educational value scores, concerns about realism suggest a need for a hybrid design approach that balances costs and anatomical fidelity in simulator development. [For the full proceedings, see ED659933.]

This paper discusses two "GeoGebra" applets, "Radical" and "Parabola," that are designed to strengthen the conceptual understanding of specific topics in algebra. The design and pedagogical basis of the applets are presented. The integration of the applets in teaching Grade 9 mathematics in a partner high school in the Philippines is then discussed. Finally, we report feedback gathered from students and teachers during this integration. Their feedback indicates the potential of these applets for improving students' learning of algebra. [For the full proceedings, see ED659933.]

This paper explores the concept of self-efficacy and its impact on individual performance on a mobile learning application. Self-efficacy refers to one's belief in their ability to achieve their goals and is a key factor in everyday life. To investigate the relationship between self-efficacy and performance, we conducted an experiment with 104 participants, which consisted of two parts. First, we evaluated their self-efficacy levels using a survey designed to assess their perceived self-efficacy levels before and after their tests. Second, we asked participants to pilot a drone in a virtual environment and complete a series of races as quickly as possible. Our findings demonstrate that self-efficacy does indeed affect the individual performance, as we observed a clear correlation between self-efficacy levels and task completion times. [For the full proceedings, see ED659933.]

In this paper we illustrate the architecture of the °'°Kobi system, which is aimed at supporting students' education in artistic or design activities. We will outline the scientific and methodological foundations of the educational approach aimed at enhancing the artistic conception and the design ideation. The functional requirements and the system architecture for implementing the °'°Kobi system are outlined. Finally, the paper discusses some relevant aspects concerning the system application in a real educational context and briefly reports about its preliminary assessment.

The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic affects educational system around the world. Online learning is no longer an option, but a compulsory during this pandemic. This paper is to identify how far synchronous online learning in English as foreign language learning at higher education implemented. This study focuses on the use of Zoom meeting platform as technological devices that supports synchronous online learning as well as identifying the students' perception and challenges faced by both lecturers and students in Indonesia. This study applies systemic literature review (SLR) approach by collecting research articles from Google Scholar indexed database. There are twenty-seven articles published in 2020-2022 that meet the criteria which are reviewed. This paper results the voices from students related to the advantages and disadvantages during using using Zoom Meeting platform in EFL classroom as well as the challenges faced by both lecturers and students. The result of this paper can provide insight toward the use of Zoom Meeting platform as technological devices that can be adopted as synchronous teaching tool during social distancing. However, the Zoom user should consider the availability of stable internet connection and teachers' and students' readiness.

This paper reviews the success factors of the digital transformation of higher education institutions based on the experience of Hassan 2 University of Casablanca (UH2C) in Morocco, which is the second largest university in the country. This work is based on the good practices implemented in the university's digitalization strategy during the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to run all the courses online and allow students to properly follow their lessons, the implementation of a robust and secure system is essential. This paper will take stock of the technical infrastructure of the university which has enabled it to support approximately 130,000 users, then the identification of all the services whose university needed to do its distance learning courses well and a proposal for the new system with the minimum of services that users will need to deliver and follow quality lessons.

This paper covers the work in progress of an e-platform being developed for language enhancement at a tertiary institution in Hong Kong. There is an actual or perceived concern about the English and Chinese language ability of undergraduate students at certain universities in Hong Kong. One reason for this is that a significant proportion of students with a lower language proficiency enter university in their third year of the four-year degree. Their first two years are spent at other tertiary institutions, and they are then able to articulate to finish their studies at university and gain a degree level qualification. Given their crowded timetable from the third year, there are very limited opportunities for extra credit space in order to enhance the language skills of these students. As a result, an e-platform which students would utilise through the informal curriculum to improve their English and Chinese language ability was proposed by senior management. This paper will examine the beginnings of the e-platform, including results from a large-scale survey of undergraduate students about the preferences for an e-platform, and initial discussions among language experts as to the design of the e-platform. This paper will consider the decision to use H5P to create interactive content within the platform and discuss some of the features that are expected on the e-platform. Problems that have been encountered and expected will be discussed with an outline of the next steps that will be taken. The paper concludes with the observation that an e-platform alone is unlikely to significantly enhance the language ability of learners. [For the full proceedings, see ED639633.]

It is of great importance to identify students' negative emotions so as to avoid accidents. However, most of the students with mental problems seldom express their emotions in some ways, which makes it more difficult for the emotion recognition system to obtain the emotional data of these students. To solve the problem of the lack of data acquisition approaches in emotional monitoring of special student groups, this paper proposes a method to obtain students' real emotions based on emotion-induced writing teaching. First, the channel for acquiring emotion data of the special students is established through writing teaching. Second, students are guided to express their emotions through essays by purposeful writing exercises. At last, this paper proposes an emotion calculation method, which comprehensively analyzes a student's real emotion according to the emotions of a group of essays on positive, neutral and negative themes. The experimental results show that the proposed method can obtain students' real emotions effectively and is much better for students with optimistic and pessimistic personalities. [For the full proceedings, see ED639633.]

This paper is a progress report about a project that consists of five stages starting with an analysis of the current state of application of higher educational learning material with regards to structural format and media didactics. The aim of this analysis has been accomplished through an initial survey with the motivation to analyze didactic and digital aspects of final study competencies as well as individual learning styles. The next stages include a digitalization process and an upcoming evaluation section. The results of the initial survey show that key competence goals that are formulated by teachers are not always comprehended and accepted by students. Students sometimes do not understand the purpose of the teachers' learning path ideas and, thus, do not accept some subjects and intermediate goals. These lacks of acceptance provide a fundamental basis of refining teaching courses. This report summarizes an approach to optimize learning goals and digital transfer so that precise evaluation helps finding these misconceptions and therefore both course structure and learning materials can be improved. Furthermore, it advices teachers to focus on teaching relevant topics not only for exam purposes but also for future professional competencies. Finally, this paper serves an example for teachers, especially of higher education level, to find weaknesses in a teaching objective and how to prioritize optimization, thereby clarify the learning path to students. This increases motivation and improves digital transfer. [For the full proceedings, see ED639633.]

The paper analyses the grades assigned by the professors of the University of Milan to their students at the end of written exams, comparing what happened in academic year 2018-19 and in academic year 2020-21, i.e., before and during the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. In March 2020, the lockdown closed the classrooms, stopping face-to-face interactions among professors and students: it became then necessary to identify possible scenarios for carrying on written exams online, suitably monitoring student behaviors, and to propose them to the University professors. Main purpose of the analysis reported in this paper is a preliminary evaluation of the effectiveness of these scenarios, through comparison of the grades the professors assigned to their students. [For the full proceedings, see ED639633.]

Multicultural classes in academia present challenges, intensified further in the context of online learning. Addressing these disparities requires innovative solutions to the challenges stemming from the diverse cultural backgrounds, religious affiliations, age disparities, varying learning skills, and differences in technology access. This study employs Design-Based Research (DBR) methodology to tackle these challenges. Through iterative processes involving expert collaboration, several Design Patterns (DPs) were identified and refined. All design patterns revolve around digital and visual literacy. The study's findings indicate that implementing various Design Patterns in a multicultural class using mobile learning and a shared visual language can be highly effective. These Design Patterns foster a common vocabulary, and cultivate essential learning skills to bridge existing gaps, they facilitate recognition of the learning space and interactions between the students. This paper presents four design patterns that serve as the didactic foundation for designing visual academic learning using smartphones: 'The Power of Selfies' -- Leveraging selfies for active learning; 'Album Anchored Theory' -- Utilizing personal picture repositories to grasp abstract theoretical models ; 'Between Image and Word' -- Utilizing metaphors to enhance vocabulary; 'Research in a "Physital" Environment' -- Collaborative learning without textual overload in an intriguing virtual setting. These patterns offer the basis to structure multicultural online lessons effectively. [For the full proceedings, see ED659933.]

Presentation documents have been increasingly used not only as supplementary presentation materials but also as contents for investigative learning. In learning a presentation document, learners generally need to select a number of slides from the document, which describe what they want to learn or should learn. However, it is not so easy to find out the slides to be learnt since what each slide represents is not concisely stated and what connections exist between the adjacent slides are not explicitly expressed. They accordingly take more time for learning and finish learning with incomplete knowledge. In order to address this issue, this paper introduces a map called slidemap for visualizing the logical connections between the slides. This map helps learners identify the sequence of slides to be learnt from the presentation document and grasp the structure embedded in the document in a shorter time. This paper also demonstrates a tool for presentation slides-based investigative learning with slidemap. In addition, this paper reports a case study involving 16 participants with the tool, whose purpose was to ascertain whether using slidemap could be more beneficial for understanding the presentation document than using PowerPoint user interface. The results of the study show the effect of increasing learning time and visiting frequency for slides to be learnt, and promoting learners' understanding of presentation documents in a shorter time. [For the full proceedings, see ED621108.]

Recommender Systems (RS) in e-learning has attracted several researchers aiming basically at scaffolding learners in locating relevant learning resources that meet their learning needs and profiles. Whereas a number of review studies have been carried out in the area of educational recommender systems, there is a limited information in the literature review in the specific domain of recommendation systems for teachers. The objective of this work is to summarize the current research efforts in the field of teacher-oriented recommender systems. By performing this systematic review, 32 papers were selected for further analysis. The obtained results show that educational portals and repositories are widely used as learning environments where recommendations occur. The finding of this review further show that personalized recommendations for teachers and teaching practices improvements are the main issues addressed by RS for teachers. Furthermore, the hybrid approach for recommendation and the evaluation by experiment are the most used, occurring in 43,75% of the selected reviewed papers. We are availing the key findings of this work to propose a teacher recommender system that provides teachers with the most relevant open educational resources (OER) retrieved from collections of resources aligned to the UNESCO ICT Competency Framework for Teachers (CFT). [For the full proceedings, see ED621108.]

This paper describes a preliminary study of how computational methods allow us to know more about citizen science and its connection with education. Citizen science is a practice involving a general public in scientific tasks and generating knowledge and scientific results. Previous studies have shown that the education sector can take benefit of the knowledge and activities organized or resources generated in CS projects. Previous studies have shown that the education sector can take advantage of the knowledge and activities organized in CS projects. In this paper, we analyze three citizen science platforms (Eu.Citizen science platform, Observatorio de la ciencia ciudadana and Oficina de la ciència ciutadana) with computational analytics techniques to provide initial insights of how educators can take benefit of the analysis of large amounts of data from CS. Finally, different visualizations and dashboards have been developed as illustrative examples of tools to support educators and learners. These tools provide information about citizen science projects, an overview of scientific vocabulary, access to validated resources and examples of technology used in scientific inquiry that can be used with educational purposes. [For the full proceedings, see ED621108.]

This paper describes how an Immersive Virtual Reality (VR) Classroom in a secondary school in Singapore is used to enhance learning through visualization and deepen understanding of science and increase interest and enjoyment in science. The VR Classroom is a futuristic classroom that taps the affordances of VR and AR to enhance HCI (Human-Computer Interactions) through visualization and interactivity, as well as increase engagement and enjoyment in the school curriculum. About the size of a regular classroom, this VR Classroom has three units of Oculus Rifts coupled adorned with life-size wall Augmented Reality posters of the Coronavirus and cells. Drawing from the author's experience in implementing VR lessons as a part of everyday classroom practice, this paper aims to provide practical ideas for educators to leverage on the affordances of virtual reality technologies to plan and design VR lessons. The author will also share sample lesson ideas on how educators can use VR 360 degrees videos to reach out to their students during this COVID-19 pandemic to complement the inquiry learning experience. The immersive and interactive nature of VR makes it an ideal tool for differentiated instruction to cater to diverse learners and learning needs especially during this pandemic. Data from findings using grounded theory and quantitative studies on affective outcomes show that there is significant increase in students' enjoyment in learning science when immersive VR is used and that the use of immersive VR increases students' self-efficacy. These findings have implications on the pedagogical design of lessons that use immersive VR. [For the full proceedings, see ED622227.]