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The porous, definite and nitrogen rich triaminotriazine (TAT) grafted graphene oxide (GO) known as TATGO composite was developed for nutrients (NO 3 − and PO 4 3−) retention. Additionally, the structural property of TATGO composite was improved with the use of chitosan (CS) to produce easily separable TATGO@CS hybrid beads which possess the significant NO 3 − and PO 4 3− adsorption capacities of 58.46 and 61.38 mg/g respectively than their individual materials. The instrumentations such as SEM, TGA, FTIR, EDAX, XRD and BET studies were executed for adsorbents. The optimization of the parameters accountable for adsorption process was performed in batch scale. The effect of isotherms (Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R)), kinetics (pseudo-first/second order and particle/intraparticle diffusion) and thermodynamic parameters (ΔG°, ΔH° and ΔS°) of the adsorption was explored. The removal mechanism of TATGO@CS hybrid beads was to be electrostatic attraction on NO 3 − and PO 4 3−. The field applicability and reuse of TATGO@CS hybrid beads was also inspected. • Novel TATGO@CS composite beads were approached for NO 3 − and PO 4 3− retention. • Amidation reaction between TAT and GO was performed to convert COOH group of GO. • The adsorbent was characterized by FTIR, XRD, TGA, SEM, EDAX and BET studies. • Protonation of the porous beads leads to electrostatic interaction on NO 3 −/PO 4 3−. • The synthesized beads possess cost-effective and can be reused up to 6 cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, we have fabricated magnetic nanocomposite based on the starch and salicylaldehyde resin embedded with magnetic Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (SS@Fe 3 O 4). The fabricated nanocomposite was characterized using various analytical methods including XRD, SEM, FTIR, TGA, TEM, BET and XPS. As-fabricated nanocomposite was used for the adsorption of Pb(II) and Cd(II) from aqueous solution. The adsorption results revealed that the maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 265.4 and 247.2 mg/g for Pb(II) and Cd(II) respectively at pH 6 and room temperature. The adsorption kinetic results support that the adsorption of both the toxic metals was carried out via second order reaction and the rate constants were found to be 6.31 × 10−5 and 7.18 × 10−5 g·mg−1·min−1 for Pb(II) and Cd(II) respectively. The adsorption isotherm displays the Langmuir adsorption isotherm and supports the monolayer and mainly chemisorption with poor physisorption. Additionally, the thermodynamic parameters were evaluated and the adsorption came true in exothermically and spontaneously with both Pb(II) and Cd(II). As-fabricated starch based magnetic nanocomposite displays excellent adsorption as well as outstanding reusability. Therefore, these outcomes support that the SS@Fe 3 O 4 nanocomposite can be used as a promising adsorbent for industrial application. Unlabelled Image • Starch based magnetic nanocomposite was fabricated with salicylaldehyde. • As-fabricated nanocomposite was used for the adsorption of Pb(II) and Cd(II) from aqueous solution. • The effects of pH value, contact time and concentration on the adsorption process were investigated. • Pb(II) and Cd(II) adsorption followed the pseudo-second order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, the magnetic nanocomposite is fabricated using chitosan, thiobarbituric acid, malondialdehyde and Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (CTM@Fe 3 O 4). The fabricated nanocomposite (CTM@Fe 3 O 4) is characterized using FTIR, TGA, BET, XRD, Raman, XPS, FESEM, and HRTEM techniques. The results of BET analysis confirmed that the nanocomposite has a mesoporous structure with high surface area of 376 m2 g−1 and high pore volume 0.3828 cm3 g−1. The adsorption of tetracycline (TC) onto CTM@Fe 3 O 4 adsorbent is carried out using batch technique by changing several factors such as pH, concentration, contact time, and temperature. Langmuir and pseudo-second-order nonlinear models were found to be the best-fit models to predict isotherms and kinetics of adsorption, respectively. The highest adsorption capacity of 215.31 mg/g was achieved at the optimum conditions of 0.05 g adsorbent dosage, 60 mg/ L TC concentration. Overall, results demonstrated that CTM@Fe 3 O 4 nanocomposite was an excellent adsorbent material with superparamagnetic properties, which allowed the separation as well as recovery of the adsorbent from aqueous solution using external magnet for effective industrial applications. Unlabelled Image • Mesoporous nanocomposite of chitosan/thiobarbituric acid/malondialdehyde-Fe 3 O 4 has been prepared. • CTM@Fe 3 O 4 nanocomposites show super-paramagnetic features. • The fabricated nanocomposites show high surface area of 376 m2 g−1 and high pore volume 0.3828 cm3 g−1. • The adsorption kinetics and isotherms can be well-defined by pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, highly porous N/S doped magnetic carbon aerogel (N/S-MCA) was successfully fabricated using sugarcane bagasse based cellulose and used for the removal of bisphenol‑A (BPA) from aqueous solution. The fabricated N/S-MCA nanocomposite derived from cellulose was characterized by various analytical techniques and supports the formation of the N/S-MCA in good yield and high purity. The batch adsorption studies were used for the adsorption of BPA onto N/S-MCA. The maximum removal of the BPA (98–99%) by the N/S-MCA was noted at pH 7, temperature 343 K, and initial BPA concentration of 100 ppm. The adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order reaction kinetics, as well as Langmuir isotherms. The thermodynamic parameters of the adsorption (the Gibbs free energy, entropy, and enthalpy) supported the spontaneity of the adsorption process. The results revealed that the mechanism on the synergistic adsorption between N/S doped magnetic carbon aerogel and BPA will therefore be an important guideline to design a carbon based adsorbent for high-efficient adsorption of environmental pollutants. Unlabelled Image • N/S doped magnetic carbon aerogel (N/S-MCA) was fabricated using sugarcane bagasse. • The (N/S-MCA) nanocomposite showed the high rates of adsorption for BPA. • The adsorption was support the second order adsorption for BPA. • The (N/S-MCA) was regenerated by simply washing with M methanol solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oil spills present the enormous harm to the environment, and its potential remediation for environmental protection is import worldwide. Herein, we report an effective strategy inspired by the lignin based bio-waste date palm pits powder (Phoenix dactylifera L.), which was modified with magnetic Fe 3 O 4 nanocrystals and used as a porous, hierarchical graphite carbon oil/solvent sorption magnetic materials. The fabricated nanocomposite (Fe 3 O 4 @MPC) was characterized using several analytical techniques. The results revealed that Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles with a 22 nm in average size were embedded into the graphite carbon matrix. The rate of sorption, sorption capacity, oil retention, water uptake, adsorption isotherm model, and kinetic behavior were evaluate and >85% of both oils were adsorbed, onto Fe 3 O 4 @MPC surface in the first 30 min followed by equilibrium in both type of aqueous solution. The batch equilibrium data supported the Langmuir isotherm model with the adsorption capacity about to 23.01 mg/g. The kinetics data was well fitted with pseudo-second-order kinetic model. After saturation, the Fe 3 O 4 @MPC was recycled using ethanol and reused for further cycle. The fabricated nanocomposite exhibited a significant dual oleophilic and hydrophobic nature that can be applicable for oil removal from oil-contaminated wastewaters. Meanwhile, the magnetic properties allowed Fe 3 O 4 @MPC to be separated conveniently and effectively from the solution and used as oil absorbent without touching the oil. Unlabelled Image • Fabrication of highly porous, hierarchical graphite carbon (Fe 3 O 4 @MPC) from date palm pits • Fe 3 O 4 @MPC was used for removal and recovery of diesel and gasoline from aqueous medium. • Fe 3 O 4 @MPC was recycled and used for ten times without any considerable loss in adsorption capacity. • The magnetization saturation value of Fe 3 O 4 @MPC was found to be 37.81 emu g−1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pectin based quaternary amino anion exchanger (Pc-QAE) was prepared using simple crosslinking polymerization method. This anion exchanger was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Pc-QAE was applied for the removal of phosphate anion from the aqueous solution. The adsorption process which was pH dependent showed maximum adsorption of phosphate anions at pH 7. Pc-QAE showed good monolayer adsorption capacity for phosphate anions which demonstrated its good capability towards Langmuir isotherm model. Moreover, the adsorption was evaluated thermodynamically and the negative value of Gibbs free energy (−1.791 KJ/mol) revealed the spontaneity of adsorption process. The value of ΔH° and ΔS° were found to be 15.28 and 49.48 KJ/mol, respectively representing the endothermic nature and enhancement in degree of freedom due to the adsorption process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research work we report Gum-ghatti supported ZnSe-WO 3 nano-hetero-assembly for solar powered degradation of endocrine disruptor Bisphenol S (BPA). The photocatalyst was characterized by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Small area electron diffraction (SAED), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infra red spectroscopy (FTIR), Photoluminescence (PL), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), UV–vis spectrophotometry and Brauner Emmet Teller surface area analyzer (BET). We achieve a Z-scheme photocatalyst (ZnSe-WO 3 ) with a higher charge flow and visible absorption. Gum ghatti acts as a superadsorbent and a sink for charge carriers. The removal of BPA has been studied under three experimental protocols where 99.5% removal was achieved by symbiose of photocatalysis-adsorption-ozonation in just 45 min hetero-assembly has a high surface area, stability and reduced carrier recombination. The results have been analyzed by scavenger effect, mass spectrometry, kinetics and total organic carbon (TOC) analysis. 49.4% of TOC was removed and COD was reduced to 16.7% after 2 h in symbiotic condition. From the band edges and scavenger effect it was inferred that superoxide radical anions are major attacking species. The work paves way for designing of novel photocatalysts with increasing biogenic quotient and higher efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, chitosan- crosslinked -poly (alginic acid) nanohydrogel ( CN-cl-PL(AA) NHG) was synthesized by co-polymerization method. It was used an effective adsorbent for the exclusion of Cr(VI) metal ion from aqueous medium. The synthesized nanohydrogel was characterized by FTIR, SEM and TEM. The TEM images clearly indicated the appearance of smooth surface with average size of particles ranging from 30 to 80 nm. The effect of different adsorption parameters like agitation time, temperature, initial metal ion concentration and adsorbent dosage was studied and optimized. The results demonstrated that the prepared chitosan- crosslinked -poly (alginic acid) nanohydrogel had high adsorption tendency for the removal of Cr(VI) from the aqueous solution. The pseudo-second-order equation represented the better adsorption kinetics for the adsorption process. The thermodynamic studies showed the adsorption of Cr(VI) onto CN-cl-PL(AA) NHG was spontaneous and chemical in nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Ionic liquids have shown their potential as a solvent media for many enzymatic reactions as well as protein preservation, because of their unusual characteristics. It is also observed that change in cation or anion alters the physiochemical properties of the ionic liquids, which in turn influence the enzymatic reactions by altering the structure, activity, enatioselectivity, and stability of the enzymes. Thus, it is utmost need of the researchers to have full understanding of these influences created by ionic liquids before choosing or developing an ionic liquid to serve as solvent media for enzymatic reaction or protein preservation. So, in the present review, we try to shed light on effects of ionic liquids chemistry on structure, stability, and activity of enzymes, which will be helpful for the researchers in various biocatalytic applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In the present study, we have fabricated a novel chitosan based nanocomposite (g-C 3 N 4 /Ag 3 PO 4 /CS) containing g-C 3 N 4 and Ag 3 PO 4 nanoparticles. The fabricated nanocomposite was characterized successfully and used as a catalyst for photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP) under visible light. The TEM results revealed that the g-C 3 N 4 and Ag 3 PO 4 nanoparticles are well dispersed into the polymer matrix. The surface area of the nanocomposite was determine using N 2 adsorption and desorption isotherm and calculated using BET equation and found to be 112.47 m2/g. The photocatalytic degradation of CIP was studied at different initial concentrations. The intermediate of and the degradation mechanism was determining using LCMS and DFT techniques. The results revealed that as-fabricated nanocomposite, g-C 3 N 4 /Ag 3 PO 4 /CS shows, 90.34% degradation of CIP within 60 min at room temperature in neutral medium. The CIP degradation kinetics displays the first-order kinetics with 0.01771 min−1. The reusability of the photocatalyst was observed after six cycles and g-C 3 N 4 /Ag 3 PO 4 /CS catalyst remains 79.43% degradation of CIP in similar condition. Unlabelled Image • g-C 3 N 4 and Ag 3 PO 4 nanoparticles were embedded into chitosan based polymer matrix. • g-C 3 N 4 /Ag 3 PO 4 /CS nanocomposite show excellent photocatalytic activity for CIP degradation. • Several intermediates were detected in the degradation process of CIP. • The catalytic degradation mainly carried out using the attack of OH and h+. • The reusability results so excellent stability of the g-C 3 N 4 /Ag 3 PO 4 /CS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, magnetic/graphene/chitosan nanocomposite (MGCH) is prepared through facile solvothermal process and employed as an adsorbent for the removal of 2-naphthol from aqueous solution. The physico-chemical characteristic results of FESEM, Raman, FTIR, XRD and VSM confirms that the MGCH nanocomposite is effectively prepared. The FESEM and EDS analysis reveals that the high density of spherical-like Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles and chitosan are successfully assembled on the surfaces of the graphene sheets. VSM result of MGCH composite exhibited higher saturation magnetization of 46.5 emu g−1 and lower coercivity (H c) of 50 O e. This result discloses that MGCH possesses enough response required for the separation from aqueous solution. The batch mode adsorption studies demonstrates that MGCH based adsorbent showed almost 99.8% adsorption of 2-naphthol with a maximum adsorption capacity of 169.49 mg g−1 at pH 2. Moreover, the kinetic studies of the samples are performed by fitting adsorption models to ensure the nature of the adsorption system. This work proves that MGCH nanocomposite can be used as high-performance adsorbent for removing of phenolic pollutants from contaminated wastewater. Unlabelled Image • A novel magnetic/graphene/chitosan nanocomposite (MGCH) was prepared by solvothermal process. • MGCH exhibits higher magnetization of 46.5 emu g−1 and lower coercivity of 50 Oe. • MGCH shows a maximum adsorption capacity (169.49 mg g−1) of 2-naphthol at pH 2 • This method is cost-effective, simple and easy to separate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

N/S-doped carbon supported AgNPs has been synthesized at low-cost, and scalable method using silver complex of chitosan based polymer. The fabricated nanocomposites exhibited excellent electrocatalytic performance as a glucose sensor. Remarkably, the fabricated glucose sensor is exhibited an ultrahigh sensitivity of 35.22 mAmM−1 cm−2 with a very low detection limit (0.046 mM) and long-term durability (30 days). Under optimized conditions, a wide linear response was obtained from 5 μM to 3 mM with an excellent linear response (R2 = 0.9940) was also obtained by AgNPs/NSC modified electrode. The presence of the heteroatom and AgNPs into the carbon matrix greatly enhances the selectivity for glucose over potential interferences in aqueous solution, with interfering agents. Overall, the present methodology demonstrates an efficient, robust, and aqueous-media-tolerable nanocomposite material as an electrochemical sensor and a potential alternative tool for the detection of glucose. • AgNPs embedded into N/S-doped was fabricated using chitosan-thiourea –formaldehyde polymer. • The AgNPs/NSC nanocomposite showed excellent detection of glucose. • The AgNPs/NSC nanocomposite showed the excellent selectivity towards glucose. • The in-situ and post characterization support the mechanism of the sensor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract In the present study, a novel nanocomposite has been successfully fabricated that contain nitrogen and sulphur doped porous carbon and ZnS nanoparticles. The fabricated nanocomposite has been used as a photocatalyst for the photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol-A (BPA) under visible light. The prepared nanocomposite was characterized using FT-IR, XRD, Raman, SEM, TEM, SAED, BET and XPS. The results revealed that the fabricated nanocomposite (ZnS/NSDC) exhibited highly porosity due to large surface area 642.24 cm2/g and promising pore volumes. ZnS/NSDC nanocomposite was showed excellent photocatalytic performance for BPA degradation. During the photocatalytic degradation of BPA, several intermediate products with the molecular mass including m / z 151, m / z 133, and m / z 137 were observed using LC-MS analyses. The experimental outcomes are supported by theoretical calculations via, density functional theory (DFT) and elucidate the photocatalytic degradation mechanism of BPA. These efforts suggest that the fabricated ZnS/NSDC nanocomposite exhibits excellent properties to severe threat to environment and can be used as a reusable photocatalyst for the degradation of BPA in aqueous solution. Graphical abstract Unlabelled Image Highlights • Synthesis of ZnS embedded nitrogen doped carbon nanocomposite. • The fabricated nanocomposite shows high surface area. • The fabricated nanocomposite showed excellent photocatalytic degradation of MB dye. • The DFT calculation supports the experimental degradation process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this present investigation, aluminium (Al3+) fabricated 2-aminobenzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid (ABDC) namely Al@ABDC metal organic frameworks (MOFs) was developed for defluoridation studies. The unique advantages of developed MOFs possess high selectivity, high porosity and enhanced surface area but the developed powder form of Al@ABDC MOFs has several limitations in field applications like slow filtration and column blockage. To prevail over these troubles, biopolymer namely chitosan (CS) supported Al@ABDC MOFs namely Al@ABDC-CS beads were developed for effective fluoride adsorption from water. The synthesized Al@ABDC-CS beads were employed for the retention of fluoride in batch level. The defluoridation capacities (DCs) of Al@ABDC MOFs and Al@ABDC-CS beads were found to be 4880 and 4900 mgF− kg−1 respectively. The influencing parameters of adsorption method namely agitation time, adsorbent dosage, initial fluoride concentration, pH, co-existing anions and temperature were exploit to get utmost defluoridation capacity (DC) of Al@ABDC-CS beads. The experimental data of Al@ABDC-CS beads have been evaluated utilizing Langmuir, Fruendlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherms. The defluoridation nature of Al@ABDC-CS beads was determined by the thermodynamic parameters. The order of reaction of Al@ABDC-CS beads was studied using various kinetic models. The regeneration and field water studies of Al@ABDC-CS beads were also carried out to check their reusability and suitability at field conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The promising adsorbent like graphene oxide (GO), chitosan (CS) and amine functionalized graphene oxide (AGO) decorated chitosan (CS) namely AGO@CS composite beads was efficiently prepared for defluoridation studies. The prepared AGO@CS composite beads possess enriched defluoridation capacity (DC) of 4650 mgF− kg−1. Batch method was used to optimize the maximum DC of AGO@CS composite beads. The physicochemical properties of AGO@CS composite beads were explored by numerous instrumental techniques viz., FTIR, Raman, XPS, SEM and TGA investigation. The experimental values of AGO@CS composite beads for fluoride removal at various temperature conditions were assessed with adsorption isotherms, kinetic and thermodynamic studies. The possible defluoridation mechanism of AGO@CS beads was mostly proposed that electrostatic attraction. The reusability and field investigation results of AGO@CS beads shows they are regenerable and applicable at field circumstances. • Novel AGO@CS composite beads were approached for fluoride adsorption. • The adsorbent was characterized by FTIR, XRD, TGA, SEM, and XPS studies. • Protonation of the porous beads leads to electrostatic interaction on fluoride. • The synthesized beads possess cost-effective and can be reused up to 5 cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a magnetic composite was synthesized using chitosan, diphenylurea and formaldehyde with magnetic nanoparticles, (MnFe 2 O 4) via condensation polymerization. The newly synthesized magnetic nanocomposite (CDF@MF) was characterized using several analytical techniques including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) and etc. To investigate the applicability of CDF@MF, it was employed as an adsorbent for rapidly removal of an antibiotic, namely, tetracycline (TC), from aqueous solution using several factors such as pH, the adsorbent dose, the initial concentration and the contact time. The adsorption kinetics results exhibited that the adsorption process followed a pseudo-first-order model. The maximum adsorption capacity for TC was calculated to be 168.24 mg/g based on the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model, with fitting correlation coefficient (R 2), 0.9955.The regeneration study advice that no major change in the adsorption capacity was noticed and show 157.97% adsorption performance after seven cycles. These results are standing to indicate that the prepared porous CDF@MF could be used as a low-cost, effective, reusable adsorbent for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment. Unlabelled Image • Magnetic polymer nanocomposite was fabricated using chitosan, diphenyl urea and formaldehyde. • The CDF@MF nanocomposite showed the high rates of adsorption for TC. • The adsorption was support the firs order adsorption for TC. • The adsorbent was regenerated by simply washing with 0.1 M methanol solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract A novel high-performance supercapacitor was fabricated using spinal (nickel ferrite) nanoparticles uniformly implanted into nitrogen-doped carbon matrix. The nanocomposite was fabricated with bimetallic polymer complexes for the first time. The fabricated nanocomposite was characterized using FTIR, TGA, Raman, XRD, BET, XPS, SEM and TEM technique. The nanocomposite used as the electrode material for assembling electrodes for supercapacitor over nickel foam, and show an excellent specific capacitance of 958.33 F g−1 at a current density of 5.0 A g−1 in a two-electrode system, using 6 M KOH solution as electrolyte. The energy density was observed 43.75 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 516.25 W kg−1, moreover, at a high power density of 882 W kg−1, it still attains the energy density of 26.25 W h kg−1 and, supports the well-known Ragone plot. The high cycling stability (9.75% loss over 6000 cycles) has been demonstrated and shows excellent stability. The results manifest the great potential of this nanocomposite for next-generation high-power applications. Thus, an advanced electrode material for high-performance supercapacitor was successfully assembled first time by a simple and scalable synthesis route. Graphical abstract Unlabelled Image Highlights • A porous nanocomposite was fabricated using single source precursor, Bi-metallic polymer complex. • A specific capacitance of 958.33 F g−1 at a current density of 5.0 A g−1 • A symmetric supercapacitor exhibited both high energy density and power density. • The preparation method can be extended to other porous transition metal oxides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rapid increase in use of fungicides for the agricultural and industrial purposes has marked the deterioration of water resources which ultimately affects the human life. Accordingly, various attempts have been made in the removal of these noxious compounds. In the same context, we are presenting biopolymers based nanohydrogel sheets; guar gum- crosslinked -Soya lecithin nanohydrogel sheets (GG- crosslinked -SY NHS) used for the effective removal of a fungicide; thiophanate methyl from aqueous solution. Guar gum and soya lecithin were employed as the biopolymers in the fabrication of nanohydrogel sheets due to their non- toxic nature, easy availability, cheapness and significant properties. Due to the presence of highly reactive functional groups onto the surface of GG- crosslinked -SY NHS, good adsorption results have been obtained. Maximum adsorption capacity of 59.205 mg/g was observed with 20 mg GG- crosslinked -SY NHS and 25 ppm thiophanate methyl solution concentration as calculated from the Langmuir isotherm. Results showed that neutral pH favoured the adsorption process. Kinetics results were indicative of the physical interactions between the thiophanate methyl and GG- crosslinked -SY NHS surface. Thermodynamic results have shown the spontaneous and endothermic adsorption process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Guar gum/Al 2 O 3 (GG/AO) nanocomposite was prepared using simple and cost effective sol–gel method. This nanocomposite was characterized by several analytical techniques viz. scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal analysis (TGA/DTA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV–vis). The FTIR analysis confirmed that GG/AO composite material was formed. TEM images inferred the particle size in the range between 20 and 45 nm. GG/AO nanocomposite exhibited good photocatalytic performance for malachite green (MG) dye (dye initial concentration 1.5 × 10 −5 M) degradation from aqueous phase. The adsorption followed by photocatalysis and coupled adsorption/photocatalysis reaction achieved about 80% and 90% degradation of MG dye under solar irradiation. Antibacterial test showed the excellent activity of GG/AO nanocomposite against Staphylococcus aureus . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chitosan- g -poly(acrylamide)/Zn (CPA-Zn) nanocomposite was synthesized using simple method in the presence of microwave radiations. CPA-Zn nanocomposite was characterized by various analytical techniques. CPA-Zn nanocomposite was used for controlled drug delivery of ofloxacin. The maximum drug release was 75% which was observed in acidic medium. The cumulative drug release and drug released kinetics of CPA-Zn was investigated. It was noticed that the drug release behavior depended upon the pH of medium as well as on the the nature of matrix. CPA-Zn nanocomposites were also studied for their antibacterial activity against E. coli bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]