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MnS 2 , MnS 2 /Chitosan‑sodium Alginate (MnS 2 /CS-NaAlg) and MnS 2 /Chitosan-Calcium Alginate (MnS 2 /CS-CaAlg) nanocomposites were prepared via the chemical procedure. The characterization was performed by various instruments such as energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) elemental map analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area measurements, UV–Vis absorption spectra and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The mean crystallite sizes of MnS 2 , MnS 2 /CS-NaAlg and MnS 2 /CS-CaAlg are 60.12, 71.25 and 74.54 nm, respectively. From Kubelka–Munk equation, the energy band gaps of MnS 2 , MnS 2 /CS-NaAlg and MnS 2 /CS-CaAlg are estimated to be 2.83, 2.71 and 2.41 eV, respectively. The investigation of photocatalysis properties was performed by degradation of tramadol under UV light illumination. The optimum of experimental variables such as pH and time on photo-degradation were found 3 and 60 min, respectively. The results show that the efficiency photocatalysis of MnS 2 /CS-NaAlg and MnS 2 /CS-CaAlg nanocomposites under was higher than MnS 2 . The antibacterial and fungicidal property of MnS 2 /CS-NaAlg and MnS 2 /CS-CaAlg nanocomposites was investigated and demonstrates good efficiency in antimicrobial efficiency compared to MnS 2 . The MnS 2 , MnS 2 /CS-NaAlg and MnS 2 /CS-CaAlg have been shown excellent mechanical and antioxidant properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heterostructured Sb 2 S 3 -CeO 2 composites and Sb 2 S 3 -CeO 2 on chitosan-starch nanocomposites have been provided with chemical manner. The characterization was performed by various instruments such as, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area measurements, X-ray diffraction analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer and UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy. The mean crystallite sizes of CeO 2 , Sb 2 S 3 -CeO 2 and Sb 2 S 3 -CeO 2 /chitosan-starch are 25.12, 51.11 and 64.12 nm, respectively. The energy band gaps of CeO 2 , Sb 2 S 3 -CeO 2 and Sb 2 S 3 -CeO 2 /chitosan-starch are appraised to be 3.01, 2.41, and 2.23 eV, respectively. Photocatalytic properties of the as-prepared products for degradation of Paraquat as a toxic organic compound are investigated under UV light irradiation at room temperature. The Sb 2 S 3 -CeO 2 and Sb 2 S 3 -CeO 2 /chitosan-starch exhibited high photocatalytic performance. Moreover, the possible mechanism of photocatalytic degradation for Paraquat was proposed. The photocatalyst as hydroxide form existing in the product provides more OH during the degradation process, as well as influences the band gap of the product due to present the electron-hole pairs. The optimum effects such as time and pH were obtained 7 and 30 min for photo-degradation process. The antibacterial and fungicidal property of Sb 2 S 3 -CeO 2 /chitosan-starch nanocomposites was investigated and demonstrates good efficiency in antimicrobial efficiency compared to CeO 2 , and Sb 2 S 3 -CeO 2 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in infected wounds induces a tremendous inflammatory reaction to delay wound healing. To address this problem, we designed a multifunctional polyacrylamide/PVA-based hydrogel containing synthesized poly(1-glycidyl-3-butylimidazolium salicylate) (polyGBImSal) and fabricated polydopamine-coated polyphenolic nanosheet (PDA@PNS) for wound dressing. The PDA@PNS particles were designed to induce I) antioxidant and anti-inflammatory features through ROS-scavenging and II) cell adhesive properties by the existing polydopamine into the hydrogels. The poly(ionic liquid)-based polyGBImSal was designed to allocate effective hydrogel antimicrobial activity. The fabricated hydrogel nanocomposites showed excellent properties in the swelling ratio, cell adhesiveness, protein adsorption, and anti-inflammatory, proving their general performance for application in wound healing. Furthermore, these hydrogels showed high antimicrobial activity (over 95 %) against three common wound-infecting pathogenic microbes: Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. The healing process of full-thickness dermal wounds in rats was accelerated by applying hydrogel nanocomposites with 0.5 wt% of PDA@PNS and 28 wt% of polyGBImSal. The wound closure contraction attained full closure, reaching 100 %, after 14 days, contrasted with the control group employing commercial wound dressing (Tegaderm), which achieved a closure rate of 68 % within the equivalent timeframe. These results make these hydrogel nanocomposites promising candidates for multifunctional wound dressing applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, photo-degradation process under ultraviolet-light irradiation is being used as a substantial treatment method for the removal of environmental pollution. In this study, a silver phosphate-ilmenite (Ag 3 PO 4 -FeTiO 3) hetero structure supported on glycol chitosan catalyst was completely prepared, also, and its structural, and optical properties were characterized. Meantime, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron, and UV–vis spectra were applied. The Ag 3 PO 4 -FeTiO 3 /glycol chitosan catalyst was used to degrade metronidazole under visible-light irradiation. The degradation rate of metronidazole in 25 min by Ag 3 PO 4 -FeTiO 3 /glycol chitosan nanocomposites was found to be 99.2% under UV light irradiation, which was higher than that by Ag 3 PO 4 -FeTiO 3 (72.24%) and FeTiO 3 (35.5%), respectively. The active species trapping test of Ag 3 PO 4 -FeTiO 3 /glycol chitosan indicated that ·OH and ·O 2 − participated during the reaction. The diffusion method was evaluated to appraise the bactericidal activity of the synthesized nanomaterials when tested against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria, with or without LED-light irradiation. The antibacterial tests show higher inhibition zones under light illumination as compared to dark conditions. The antifungal properties of the prepared nanomaterials were analyzed by fungi (Aspergillus niger , and Fusarium solani) using disc diffusion analysis. It was confirmed that the prepared nanomaterials have the best antifungal agent as compared to the standard antibiotics. When the Ag 3 PO 4 -FeTiO 3 /glycol chitosan was used, the amount of inhibition zone was enhanced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chitosan is a potent biopolymer having promising antimicrobial properties against phytopathogens. Recently, engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have gained much attention due to their potential application in the plant disease management. In this study, we reported the green synthesis of chitosan-magnesium (CS-Mg) nanocomposite and its antimicrobial activity against two rice pathogens namely Acidovorax oryzae and Rhizoctonia solani for the first time. The green MgO nanoparticles synthesized by using a native Bacillus sp. strain RNT3, were used to fabricate CS-Mg nanocomposite utilizing one-pot synthesis method. The synthesis of CS-Mg nanocomposite was further confirmed by using UV–vis spectroscopy, whereas, FTIR and XRD analysis showed the capping of CS-Mg nanocomposites by different functional groups together with their crystalline structure, respectively. Besides, SEM and TEM images revealed the spherical shape along with the particles size ranging from 29 to 60 nm. Moreover, EDS analysis confirmed the elemental purity of nanocomposite. The CS-Mg nanocomposite showed remarkable antimicrobial activity against A. oryzae and R. solani and significantly inhibited the growth as compared to non-treated control. The ultrastructure studies showed damaged structure of cell wall and internal cellular organelles after treatment with 100 μg mL−1 CS-Mg nanocomposite. The results of this study indicated that CS-Mg nanocomposite-based antimicrobial agents could be considered as promising nanopesticides against phytopathogens in plant disease management. Unlabelled Image • Biological synthesis of magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgONPs) from a bacterium • Chitosan was used as biological macromolecules to fabricate nanoparticles. • Characterization of MgONPs and CS-Mg nanocomposite through standard material characterization techniques • Measurement of antimicrobial activity of CS-Mg nanocomposite against rice pathogens [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanocomposite hydrogel film was prepared from Polyvinyl alcohol [PVA], Corn Starch [CS], Linseed oil polyol [LP], and silver nanoparticles [NP]. LP was prepared by epoxidation and hydration of Linseed oil [LO]. IR and NMR supported the insertion of hydroxyl groups in LP by epoxide ring opening reaction at epoxidized LO. Silver NP were biosynthesized using aqueous leaves' extract from locally grown Ocimum forsskaolii Benth [LEO] plant. FTIR, XRD, UV and TEM confirmed the synthesis of NP (size 30 to 39 nm). Transparent and foldable h y drogel film resulted by blending the constituents (PVA, CS, LP and NP), crosslinking by glutaraldehyde, at room temperature, and showed expansion in water, different pH solutions, biodegradation and good antibacterial and antifungal activity against tested microbes. Linseed polyol influenced the structure, morphology, hydrophilicity, improved swelling ability and thermal stability and accelerated biodegradation of hydrogel films. NP were well adhered to LP globules that were embedded in PVA/CS matrix as strung set of beads (LP globules) decorated with black pearls (spherical NP). Silver NP conferred antimicrobial behavior to hydrogel film as observed by antimicrobial screening on different microbes. The results were encouraging and showed that such hydrogel films may find prospective applications in antimicrobial packaging. Unlabelled Image • PVA/corn starch/linseed polyol based hydrogel • Loaded with biosynthesized silver nanoparticles • Produced transparent and foldable film • With good water absorption, thermal stability, biodegradation and antimicrobial behavior [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we present Co 3 S 4 -SnO 2 supported polyvinylpyrrolidone-cellulose (PVPCS) nano-structure for Lidocaine degradation. The nanostructure was characterized by various techniques i.e. morphological and optical ones. The results have demonstrated that Co 3 S 4 -SnO 2 nanocomposites were evenly supported on the PVPCS. Moreover, the photocatalysis performances of the catalysts were investigated under ultra-violet (UV) light irradiation. The nano-structure Co 3 S 4 -SnO 2 /PVPCS composite (98.72%) revealed the highest photocatalysis performance as compared to SnO 2 nanoparticles, and Co 3 S 4 -SnO 2 nanocomposites. The photo-stability of nano-structure Co 3 S 4 -SnO 2 /PVPCS composite was characterized using cyclic catalytic experimental. Results demonstrated a substantially stable performance of the nano-structure Co 3 S 4 -SnO 2 /PVPCS composite. The biological properties of Co 3 S 4 -SnO 2 /PVPCS composite were investigated through the antibacterial (versus Staphylococcus aureus , and Escherichia coli) and antifungal studies (Candida albicans). As the results declared, Co 3 S 4 -SnO 2 nanocomposites have substantial biological properties as compared to SnO 2 nanoparticles, and Co 3 S 4 -SnO 2 nanocomposites. • The Co 3 S 4 -SnO 2 /PVPCS composites were prepared by facile method. • The photocatalysis efficiency of Co 3 S 4 -SnO 2 /PVPCS was studied for degradation of Lidocaine. • The Co 3 S 4 -SnO 2 /PVPCS composites revealed the highest photocatalysis efficiency. • The Co 3 S 4 -SnO 2 /PVPCS composites has great antimicrobial properties [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]