1. Parenting Styles, Internalization of Values and Self-Esteem: A Cross-Cultural Study in Spain, Portugal and Brazil
- Author
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Martínez, Isabel, Garcia, Fernando, Veiga, Feliciano Henriques, Garcia, Oscar F., Rodrigues De La Iglesia, Yara, Serra, Emilia, and Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa
- Subjects
Value (ethics) ,Cross-Cultural Comparison ,Male ,Adolescent ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,media_common.quotation_subject ,social values ,lcsh:Medicine ,050109 social psychology ,Social value orientations ,Article ,Developmental psychology ,Parenting styles ,Cross-cultural ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Parent-Child Relations ,Child ,media_common ,self-esteem ,Parenting ,Portugal ,05 social sciences ,Socialization ,Authoritarianism ,lcsh:R ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Self-esteem ,Self Concept ,culture ,parental strictness ,Spain ,Scale (social sciences) ,Female ,Psychology ,Brazil ,050104 developmental & child psychology ,parental warmth - Abstract
The present study analyzes the impact of parenting styles on adolescents&rsquo, self-esteem and internalization of social values in three countries, Spain, Portugal and Brazil. The sample of the study was comprised of 2091 adolescents from Spain (n = 793), Portugal (n = 675), and Brazil (n = 623) from 12&ndash, 18 years old (52.1% females). The four types of parenting styles, authoritative, indulgent, authoritarian and neglectful, were measured through the warmth and strictness dimensions of the Scale of Parental Socialization ESPA29. The two criteria variables were captured with the five dimensions of the AF5, Five-Factor Self-Concept Questionnaire, and with self-transcendence and conservation Schwartz values. Results confirm emergent research in parenting socialization: the use of parental warmth is evidenced as key for adolescent self-esteem and internalization of social values in the three countries analyzed. Indulgent and authoritative parenting (both characterized by parental warmth) are associated with the highest value internalization in the three countries. Furthermore, indulgent parenting (use of warmth) is associated with the highest adolescent self-esteem, overcoming authoritative parenting (use of warmth and strictness). The influence of parenting over adolescent self-esteem and values internalization is maintained independent of the differences in self-esteem and value priorities observed in the cultural context, the sex and age of the participants.
- Published
- 2020