1. Influence of cultivation sites on sterol, nitrate, total phenolic contents and antioxidant activity in endive and stem chicory edible products.
- Author
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D'Acunzo F, Giannino D, Longo V, Ciardi M, Testone G, Mele G, Nicolodi C, Gonnella M, Renna M, Arnesi G, Schiappa A, and Ursini O
- Subjects
- Antioxidants chemistry, Antioxidants metabolism, Asteraceae growth & development, Asteraceae metabolism, Cichorium intybus growth & development, Cichorium intybus metabolism, Crop Production, Crops, Agricultural growth & development, Crops, Agricultural metabolism, Food Contamination, Functional Food analysis, Humans, Italy, Nitrates analysis, Nitrates chemistry, Nitrates metabolism, Nutritive Value, Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity, Phenols analysis, Phenols chemistry, Phenols metabolism, Phytosterols biosynthesis, Phytosterols chemistry, Plant Leaves growth & development, Plant Leaves metabolism, Plant Stems growth & development, Plant Stems metabolism, Principal Component Analysis, Sitosterols analysis, Sitosterols chemistry, Sitosterols metabolism, Spatio-Temporal Analysis, Species Specificity, Stigmasterol analogs & derivatives, Stigmasterol analysis, Stigmasterol chemistry, Stigmasterol metabolism, Antioxidants analysis, Asteraceae chemistry, Cichorium intybus chemistry, Crops, Agricultural chemistry, Phytosterols analysis, Plant Leaves chemistry, Plant Stems chemistry
- Abstract
Chicories produce a wide range of vegetables with important nutritional value. We determined the variation of sterol, total polyphenol, nitrate contents and antioxidant capacity (SC, TPC, NC, AC) in endive leaves and stem-chicory novel vegetables, cultivated in two Italian regions. Within a given area, the SC was similar in smooth- and curly leafed endives (106.3-176.0 mg/kg FW); sitosterol and stigmasterol were major fractions (45-56 versus 38-43%). The stem SC was independent of landrace (101.5-118.6 mg/kg FW); sitosterol prevailed on stigmasterol and fucosterol (73-76 versus 12-14% versus 8-9%); the latter reached 15.7 mg/kg FW, conferring value as potential antidiabetes food. The planting site affected the AC and TPC of endives (893.1-1571.4 μmTE/100 g FW, 30.8-76.1 GAE100/g FW) and chicory stems (729.8-1152.5 μmTE/100 g FW; 56.2-124.4 GAE100/g FW), while the NC was recurrently below dangerous thresholds. PCA showed that environment was the major cause of variation, though it modestly affected these parameters.
- Published
- 2017
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