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Although graphitic carbon nitride is a promising photocatalyst in the field of energy conversion and environmental purification, the intrinsic properties like excitonic effects and sluggish charge transfer restrict further photocatalytic applications. To circumvent these limitations, the novel all-organic heterojunction photocatalysts were constructed by anchoring organic carbon dots (O-dots) on porous graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (O-dots/CNS). Results demonstrated that excitons can be effectively dissociated into electrons and holes at the interface of O-dots/CNS heterojunction, followed by holes injected to O-dots and electrons accumulated in CNS to realize efficient charge separation. Consequently, the O-dots/CNS with the optimized hydrogen (H 2) evolution performance could be reached 1564.5 μmol h−1g−1 under the visible light irradiation. This work not only presents new ideas for rational design photocatalytic reaction system from exciton and charge carrier, but also broaden the applications of this new kind of organic dots in the field of energy conversion. [Display omitted] • An all-organic heterojunction is constructed by carbon nitride and organic dots. • The exciton can be dissociated at the interface of all-organic heterojunction. • The heterojunction catalyst remarkably enhances photocatalytic H 2 evolution. • A possible photocatalytic mechanism is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]