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Abstract Heavy fossil fuels consumption has raised concerns over the energy security and climate change while hydrogen is regarded as the fuel of future to decarbonize global energy use. Hydrogen is commonly used as feedstocks in chemical industries and has a wide range of energy applications such as vehicle fuel, boiler fuel, and energy storage. However, the development of hydrogen energy in Malaysia is sluggish despite the predefined targets in hydrogen roadmap. This paper aims to study the future directions of hydrogen economy in Malaysia considering a variety of hydrogen applications. The potential approaches for hydrogen production, storage, distribution and application in Malaysia have been reviewed and the challenges of hydrogen economy are discussed. A conceptual framework for the accomplishment of hydrogen economy has been proposed where renewable hydrogen could penetrate Malaysia market in three phases. In the first phase, the market should aim to utilize the hydrogen as feedstock for chemical industries. Once the hydrogen production side is matured in the second phase, hydrogen should be used as fuel in internal combustion engines or burners. In the final phase hydrogen should be used as fuel for automobiles (using fuel cell), fuel-cell combined heat and power (CHP) and as energy storage. Highlights • Biomass and solar pathways for hydrogen production could be feasible in Malaysia. • Hydrogen can be used as transportation fuel, heating fuel and energy storage. • Hydrogen economy in Malaysia faces technical, economic and social challenges. • Renewable hydrogen could be commercialized in 3 phases via the proposed framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper will introduce the concept of 100% renewable energy and the role hydrogen and fuel cells can play for storage and transportation sectors. The importance, necessity and possibility of an overall global transition from fossil and nuclear-based fuels to renewable energy fuels using electricity and hydrogen as clean energy carriers will be summarized. Polluted, inefficient and unhealthy societies of today are missing energy self-sufficient, better managed, in harmony with nature ecological communities. The possible role of hydrogen fuel cells in fulfilling this target will be demonstrated and the success stories of the leading countries will be given. Renewable energy investments which have started in 2013 increased steadily and reached to 290 billion dollars towards the end of 2015. Today's increasing investments and cheaper supply of renewable energy will in turn effect the hydrogen production costs and increase the diversion from fossil fuels to cheap renewable energy. This reality confirms that hydrogen energy technologies will play an important role in reaching the 100% renewable energy target. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Climate change concerns, increasing global energy demand, coupled with pending peak supply of fossil fuels, calls for development of new power source. The rapid price drops for solar technologies and combined with international and national policy changes makes solar energy more affordable and accessible for widespread adoption. Solar energy also contributes towards the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. The combination of electrolysis of water and fuel cells, which use hydrogen as an energy carrier extends the utility of the solar energy. For an integrated solar powered hydrogen production, storage and utilisation system, one of the elements that needs to be designed carefully is the power management system. Power management strategy has a complex function in this type of solar hydrogen system. This paper presents a power management strategy based on fuzzy logic technology to address the problems. The target of this power management strategy is to use the solar power to meet the power demand, then utilise any addition power to maximise the hydrogen production, and minimise the usage of battery at the same time. Therefore, the overall system''s efficiency will be increased and lifetime of the battery pack will be extended. The numerical results based on real solar data for a one year period shown that the proposed fuzzy logic controller can direct the power flow wisely between different elements such as load, electrolyser, fuel cell and battery, it is capable of meeting the daily power demand of an office block and using the excess solar power to produce hydrogen as far as possible while maintaining the battery''s state of charge in a desired region in order to extend the lifespan of the battery. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper addresses the fundamental question of where hydrogen might fit into a global sustainable energy strategy for the 21st century that confronts the three-pronged challenge of irreversible climate change, uncertain oil supply, and rising pollution. We re-envision the role of hydrogen at national and international strategic levels, relying entirely on renewable energy and energy efficiency. It is suggested the time for an exclusive ‘hydrogen economy’ has passed, since electricity and batteries would be used extensively as well. Yet hydrogen would still play a crucial role: in road and rail vehicles requiring a range comparable to today’s petrol and diesel vehicles; in coastal and international shipping; in air transport; and for longer-term seasonal storage on electricity grids relying mainly on renewables. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are proposed where medium and long distance trips are required, with plug-in battery electric vehicles reserved for just short trips. A hierarchy of spatially-distributed hydrogen production, storage and distribution centers relying on local renewable energy sources and feedstocks would be created to limit the required hydrogen pipeline network to the main metropolitan areas and regions by complementary use of electricity as a major energy vector. Bulk hydrogen storage would provide the strategic energy reserve to guarantee national and global energy security in a world relying increasingly on renewable energy. It is recommended that this vision next be applied to specific countries by conducting detailed energy-economic-environmental modeling to quantify its net benefits. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]