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Background: The association between the severity of coronary atherosclerosis and histopathologic findings in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is not entirely understood. Considering the gold standard method, this study evaluates the histopathologic association between the severity of NAFLD and the grades of coronary atherosclerosis. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, data from 205 cadavers who were referred to an Iranian (Tabriz) forensic medicine organization between 2015 and 2017 and underwent simultaneous liver and coronary artery biopsies were examined. Finally, 168 cases were entered based on the inclusion criteria. First, pathological slides of these cadavers were extracted from the forensic medicine archive and re-examined. Then, the selected cases’ blocks were extracted from the tissue block bank, and again, after preparing a new slide, they were stained with trichrome for accurate estimation of liver fibrosis. Results: The assessment of NAFLD histological status in the studied cases revealed that 75.6% of the cases were classified as severity I, 18.4% as severity II, and 6% as severity III. Most cases with coronary atherosclerosis were classified as American Heart Association staging (AHA), type V (19.6%), and normal (19.6%). There was no statistically significant relationship between the severity of simple steatosis, steatohepatitis, and NAFLD, with coronary atherosclerosis. In subjects with higher severity of coronary atherosclerosis, the liver fibrosis rate is also higher, but no statistically significant difference was observed. Conclusion: The present study revealed no significant histopathological association between NAFLD and coronary artery atherosclerosis grade.

Background: Klotho is an aging-suppressor gene that encodes a single-pass transmembrane protein and acts as a hormone. In this study, we aim to investigate the serum α-Klotho level in male opioids addicts with normal kidney function compared to healthy male non-smokers and smokers in Tabriz, Iran. Methods: Participnts were 87 men with normal kidney function referred to Sina Educational Research and Treatment Center in Tabriz, Iran (29 opioids addicts, 29 healthy non-smokers, and 29 healthy smokers). Blood samples were collected to measure the soluble a-Klotho level using an ELISA kit. Furthermore, blood creatinine (Cr) and hemoglobin (Hb) levels was measured. Body mass index (BMI) was also calculated for all participants. Results: In addicts, BMI, Hb, and Cr levels were significantly lower than in healthy non-smokers and smokers, but their Klotho level was higher (P>0.05). The Klotho level in healthy smokers was significantly lower than in healthy non-smokers and addicts. The Klotho level of healthy smokers decreased as the pack year increased, but the duration of opioid addiction had no significant association with the Klotho level. There was no significant difference in the Klotho level between control groups (non-smokers and smokers) and men with addiction to different types of opioids. Conclusion: The Klotho level in male opioid addicts is significantly higher than in smokers. There is a significant negative correlation between BMI and Klotho levels among men with normal BMI and overweight. Further studies are recommended in these fields.

Background: Klotho is an aging-suppressor gene that encodes a single-pass transmembrane protein and acts as a hormone. In this study, we aim to investigate the serum α-Klotho level in male opioids addicts with normal kidney function compared to healthy male non-smokers and smokers in Tabriz, Iran. Methods: Participnts were 87 men with normal kidney function referred to Sina Educational Research and Treatment Center in Tabriz, Iran (29 opioids addicts, 29 healthy non-smokers, and 29 healthy smokers). Blood samples were collected to measure the soluble a-Klotho level using an ELISA kit. Furthermore, blood creatinine (Cr) and hemoglobin (Hb) levels was measured. Body mass index (BMI) was also calculated for all participants. Results: In addicts, BMI, Hb, and Cr levels were significantly lower than in healthy non-smokers and smokers, but their Klotho level was higher (P>0.05). The Klotho level in healthy smokers was significantly lower than in healthy non-smokers and addicts. The Klotho level of healthy smokers decreased as the pack year increased, but the duration of opioid addiction had no significant association with the Klotho level. There was no significant difference in the Klotho level between control groups (non-smokers and smokers) and men with addiction to different types of opioids. Conclusion: The Klotho level in male opioid addicts is significantly higher than in smokers. There is a significant negative correlation between BMI and Klotho levels among men with normal BMI and overweight. Further studies are recommended in these fields.