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In this work, we use the Gouy–Stodola theorem to calculate the entropy production rate in the inflationary epoch of the universe. This theorem allows us the simple calculation of entropy and entropy production rate occasioned by the decaying of the inflaton scalar field. Both the entropy and entropy production rate achieve large values, agreeing with the expected values present in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, one uses a damped potential to present a description of the running coupling constant of QCD in the confinement phase. Based on a phenomenological perspective for the Debye screening length, one compares the running coupling obtained here with both the Brodsky–de Téramond–Deur and the Richardson approaches. The results seem to indicate the model introduced here corroborate the Richardson approach. Moreover, the Debye screening mass in the confinement phase depends on a small parameter, which tends to vanish in the nonconfinement phase of QCD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, one discusses the effects of Tsallis entropy on the radial pressure distribution in the proton. Using a damped confinement potential the pressure distribution is obtained from the Tsallis entropy approach, being the entropic-index ω connected with the proton temperature concerning some transition temperature. Then, the approach allows the study of the proton thermal evolution up to the Quark–Gluon Plasma regime. The von Laue stability condition, arising from the pressure distribution results in positive and negative energy regions. An analogy between the results for the radial pressure distribution and the proton–proton and the antiproton–proton total cross-section is performed. The negative energy region is identified with the odderon exchange while the positive represents the pomeron exchange dominance above some transition energy s c . The hollowness effect is also discussed in terms of the results obtained and the proposed analogy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, one proposes the use of a damped confinement potential to mimic the proton internal energy. The internal pressure is calculated taking into account the occurrence of a phase transition in the p p and p ̄ p total cross-section. The model predicts the inversion of the positive and negative pressure regions depending on the squared energy s 0 , where the total cross-section achieves its minimum value. Considering energies below the phase transition, the expected results are in accordance with the recent proton internal pressure measurement. For energies above s 0 , the model predicts a negative pressure region near the center of the hadron surrounded by a positive pressure region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a previous work a novel parametrization was proposed for the and total cross-sections. Here, results are presented for the updated analysis with taking into account the recent data from accelerator experiments as well as from cosmic ray measurements. The analytic parametrizations suggested within axiomatic quantum field theory (AQFT) provide the quantitative description of energy dependence of global scattering observables with robust values of fit parameters. Based on the fit results the estimations are derived for the total cross-section and the parameter in elastic scattering at various up to energy frontier PeV which can be useful for present and future hadron colliders as well as for cosmic ray measurements at ultra-high energies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the Froissart-Martin bound, Jin-Martin-Cornille bound and the optical theorem, we propose a novel parametrization for the total cross-section of proton-proton and antiproton-proton elastic scattering data. Using derivative dispersion relations we obtain the real part of the elastic scattering amplitude and thus the ρ parameter. Simultaneous fits to σtot and ρ are performed allowing very good statistical descriptions of the available data. Furthermore, predictions to σtot and ρ at energies not used in the fit procedures are presented. For σtot we obtain predictions at RHIC, LHC and future hadron collider energies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We use an almost model-independent analytical parametrization for pp and $\bar{p}p$ elastic scattering data to analyze the eikonal, profile and inelastic overlap functions in the impact parameter space. Error propagation in the fit parameters allows estimations of uncertainty regions, improving the geometrical description of the hadron–hadron interaction. Several predictions are shown and, in particular, the prediction for pp inelastic overlap function at $\sqrt{s}=14\,{\rm TeV}$ shows the saturation of the Froissart–Martin bound at LHC energies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]