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Your search keyword '"Cantatore, S."' showing total 2 results
Start Over Author "Cantatore, S." Journal international journal of molecular sciences
2 results on '"Cantatore, S."'

1. Acute Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review Investigating miRNA Families Involved

Author

Pinchi, Enrica, Frati, Alessandro, Cantatore, Santina, D&apos, Errico, Stefano, Russa, Raffaele La, Maiese, Aniello, Palmieri, Mauro, Pesce, Alessandro, Viola, Rocco Valerio, Frati, Paola, Fineschi, Vittorio, Pinchi, E, Frati, A, Cantatore, S, D'Errico, S, Russa, R, Maiese, A, Palmieri, M, Pesce, A, Viola, Rv, Frati, P, and Fineschi, V

Subjects
acute spinal cord injury, animal models, clinical management, miRNAs, pathophysiology, postmortem techniques, Excitotoxicity, Gene Expression, Autopsy, Review, Bioinformatics, medicine.disease_cause, Severity of Illness Index, Catalysis, Inorganic Chemistry, lcsh:Chemistry, microRNA, Severity of illness, medicine, Animals, Humans, animals, biomarkers, disease management, disease models, disease susceptibility, gene expression, humans, microRNAs, severity of illness index, sapinal cord injuries, multigene family, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Molecular Biology, Pathological, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Spectroscopy, Spinal Cord Injuries, miRNA, Cause of death, Mechanism (biology), business.industry, animal model, Organic Chemistry, Disease Management, General Medicine, Pathophysiology, Computer Science Applications, Disease Models, Animal, MicroRNAs, lcsh:Biology (General), lcsh:QD1-999, Multigene Family, Disease Susceptibility, business, Biomarkers
Abstract

Acute traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) involves primary and secondary injury mechanisms. The primary mechanism is related to the initial traumatic damage caused by the damaging impact and this damage is irreversible. Secondary mechanisms, which begin as early as a few minutes after the initial trauma, include processes such as spinal cord ischemia, cellular excitotoxicity, ionic dysregulation, and free radical-mediated peroxidation. SCI is featured by different forms of injury, investigating the pathology and degree of clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies, the animal models that have allowed us to better understand this entity and, finally, the role of new diagnostic and prognostic tools such as miRNA could improve our ability to manage this pathological entity. Autopsy could benefit from improvements in miRNA research: the specificity and sensitivity of miRNAs could help physicians in determining the cause of death, besides the time of death.

Published
2019

2. Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Aquaporin-4 and its Correlation with CD68, IBA-1, HIF-1α, GFAP, and CD15 Expressions in Fatal Traumatic Brain Injury.

Author

Neri M, Frati A, Turillazzi E, Cantatore S, Cipolloni L, Di Paolo M, Frati P, La Russa R, Maiese A, Scopetti M, Santurro A, Sessa F, Zamparese R, and Fineschi V

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Base Sequence, Brain Edema diagnostic imaging, Brain Edema pathology, Calcium-Binding Proteins, Female, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Male, Microfilament Proteins, Middle Aged, Organ Size, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Young Adult, Antigens, CD metabolism, Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic metabolism, Aquaporin 4 metabolism, Brain Injuries, Traumatic metabolism, DNA-Binding Proteins metabolism, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein metabolism, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit metabolism, Lewis X Antigen metabolism
Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Our understanding of its pathobiology has substantially increased. Following TBI, the following occur, edema formation, brain swelling, increased intracranial pressure, changes in cerebral blood flow, hypoxia, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, and apoptosis. Experimental animal models have been developed. However, the difficulty in mimicking human TBI explains why few neuroprotective strategies, drawn up on the basis of experimental studies, have translated into improved therapeutic strategies for TBI patients. In this study, we retrospectively examined brain samples in 145 cases of death after different survival times following TBI, to investigate aquaporin-4 (AQP4) expression and correlation with hypoxia, and neuroinflammation in human TBI. Antibodies anti-glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), aquaporin-4 (AQP4), hypoxia induced factor-1α (HIF-1α), macrophage/phagocytic activation (CD68), ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1 (IBA-1), and neutrophils (CD15) were used. AQP4 showed a significant, progressive increase between the control group and groups 2 (one-day survival) and 3 (three-day survival). There were further increases in AQP4 immunopositivity in groups 4 (seven-day survival), 5 (14-dayssurvival), and 6 (30-day survival), suggesting an upregulation of AQP4 at 7 to 30 days compared to group 1. GFAP showed its highest expression in non-acute cases at the astrocytic level compared with the acute TBI group. Data emerging from the HIF-1α reaction showed a progressive, significant increase. Immunohistochemistry with IBA-1 revealed activated microglia starting three days after trauma and progressively increasing in the next 15 to 20 days after the initial trauma. CD68 expression demonstrated basal macrophage and phagocytic activation mostly around blood vessels. Starting from one to three days of survival after TBI, an increase in the number of CD68 cells was progressively observed; at 15 and 30 days of survival, CD68 showed the most abundant immunopositivity inside or around the areas of necrosis. These findings need to be developed further to gain insight into the mechanisms through which brain AQP4 is upregulated. This could be of the utmost clinicopathological importance.

Published
2018
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