1. Targeting Neurovascular Interaction in Retinal Disorders
- Author
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Fu, Zhongjie, Sun, Ye, Cakir, Bertan, Tomita, Yohei, Huang, Shuo, Wang, Zhongxiao, Liu, Chi-Hsiu, Cho, Steve S, Britton, William, Kern, Timothy S, Antonetti, David A, Hellström, Ann, and Smith, Lois EH
- Subjects
Biochemistry and Cell Biology ,Biological Sciences ,Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry ,Chemical Sciences ,Microbiology ,Neurosciences ,Neurodegenerative ,Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Aetiology ,Eye ,Animals ,Blood Flow Velocity ,Humans ,Mitochondria ,Photoreceptor Cells ,Vertebrate ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,Retina ,Retinal Diseases ,Retinal Neovascularization ,Retinal Vessels ,angiogenesis ,energy shortage ,inflammation ,photoreceptors ,retina ,Other Chemical Sciences ,Genetics ,Other Biological Sciences ,Chemical Physics ,Biochemistry and cell biology ,Medicinal and biomolecular chemistry - Abstract
The tightly structured neural retina has a unique vascular network comprised of three interconnected plexuses in the inner retina (and choroid for outer retina), which provide oxygen and nutrients to neurons to maintain normal function. Clinical and experimental evidence suggests that neuronal metabolic needs control both normal retinal vascular development and pathological aberrant vascular growth. Particularly, photoreceptors, with the highest density of mitochondria in the body, regulate retinal vascular development by modulating angiogenic and inflammatory factors. Photoreceptor metabolic dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation may cause adaptive but ultimately pathological retinal vascular responses, leading to blindness. Here we focus on the factors involved in neurovascular interactions, which are potential therapeutic targets to decrease energy demand and/or to increase energy production for neovascular retinal disorders.
- Published
- 2020