1. Aurora B Tension Sensing Mechanisms in the Kinetochore Ensure Accurate Chromosome Segregation
- Author
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Jenna K Cosby, Shelby L McVey, and Natalie J. Nannas
- Subjects
QH301-705.5 ,chromosome segregation ,Aurora B kinase ,Aneuploidy ,Review ,Chromatids ,Biology ,Catalysis ,spindle assembly checkpoint ,Inorganic Chemistry ,Chromosome segregation ,Microtubule ,medicine ,Animals ,Aurora Kinase B ,Humans ,Sister chromatids ,Aurora B ,Biology (General) ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Kinetochores ,QD1-999 ,Molecular Biology ,Spectroscopy ,Cohesin ,Kinetochore ,Organic Chemistry ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,kinetochore ,Computer Science Applications ,Cell biology ,Chemistry ,Spindle checkpoint ,M Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints ,biological phenomena, cell phenomena, and immunity - Abstract
The accurate segregation of chromosomes is essential for the survival of organisms and cells. Mistakes can lead to aneuploidy, tumorigenesis and congenital birth defects. The spindle assembly checkpoint ensures that chromosomes properly align on the spindle, with sister chromatids attached to microtubules from opposite poles. Here, we review how tension is used to identify and selectively destabilize incorrect attachments, and thus serves as a trigger of the spindle assembly checkpoint to ensure fidelity in chromosome segregation. Tension is generated on properly attached chromosomes as sister chromatids are pulled in opposing directions but resisted by centromeric cohesin. We discuss the role of the Aurora B kinase in tension-sensing and explore the current models for translating mechanical force into Aurora B-mediated biochemical signals that regulate correction of chromosome attachments to the spindle.
- Published
- 2021
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