1. Revealing Metabolic Perturbation Following Heavy Methamphetamine Abuse by Human Hair Metabolomics and Network Analysis.
- Author
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Kim S, Jang WJ, Yu H, Kim J, Lee SK, Jeong CH, and Lee S
- Subjects
- Adult, Amino Acids chemistry, Amino Acids classification, Amino Acids isolation & purification, Amino Acids metabolism, Amphetamine administration & dosage, Amphetamine metabolism, Case-Control Studies, Central Nervous System Stimulants administration & dosage, Central Nervous System Stimulants metabolism, Glycerophospholipids chemistry, Glycerophospholipids classification, Glycerophospholipids isolation & purification, Glycerophospholipids metabolism, Glycosphingolipids chemistry, Glycosphingolipids classification, Glycosphingolipids isolation & purification, Glycosphingolipids metabolism, Humans, Lipid Metabolism physiology, Male, Metabolomics methods, Methamphetamine administration & dosage, Methamphetamine metabolism, Middle Aged, Principal Component Analysis, Sphingolipids chemistry, Sphingolipids classification, Sphingolipids isolation & purification, Sphingolipids metabolism, Substance Abuse Detection methods, Substance-Related Disorders metabolism, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Amphetamine analysis, Central Nervous System Stimulants analysis, Hair chemistry, Methamphetamine analysis, Substance-Related Disorders diagnosis
- Abstract
Methamphetamine (MA) is a highly addictive central nervous system stimulant. Drug addiction is not a static condition but rather a chronically relapsing disorder. Hair is a valuable and stable specimen for chronic toxicological monitoring as it retains toxicants and metabolites. The primary focus of this study was to discover the metabolic effects encompassing diverse pathological symptoms of MA addiction. Therefore, metabolic alterations were investigated in human hair following heavy MA abuse using both targeted and untargeted mass spectrometry and through integrated network analysis. The statistical analyses ( t -test, variable importance on projection score, and receiver-operator characteristic curve) demonstrated that 32 metabolites (in targeted metabolomics) as well as 417 and 224 ion features (in positive and negative ionization modes of untargeted metabolomics, respectively) were critically dysregulated. The network analysis showed that the biosynthesis or metabolism of lipids, such as glycosphingolipids, sphingolipids, glycerophospholipids, and ether lipids, as well as the metabolism of amino acids (glycine, serine and threonine; cysteine and methionine) is affected by heavy MA abuse. These findings reveal crucial metabolic effects caused by MA addiction, with emphasis on the value of human hair as a diagnostic specimen for determining drug addiction, and will aid in identifying robust diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.
- Published
- 2020
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