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Purpose: CHHiP is a randomized trial evaluating moderately hypofractionated radiation therapy for treatment of localized prostate cancer. Of all participants, 97% of them had concurrent short-course hormone therapy (HT), either luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog (LHRHa) or 150 mg of bicalutamide daily. This exploratory analysis compares efficacy and side effects in a nonrandomized comparison.Methods and Materials: In our study, 2700 patients received LHRHa and 403 received bicalutamide. The primary endpoint was biochemical/clinical failure. Groups were compared with Cox regression adjusted for various prognostic factors and stratified by radiation therapy dose. A key secondary endpoint was erectile dysfunction (ED) assessed by clinicians (using scores from Late Effects on Normal Tissues: Subjective/Objective/Management [LENT-SOM] subjective erectile function for vaginal penetration) and patients (single items within the University of California-Los Angeles Prostate Cancer Index [UCLA PCI] and Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite [EPIC]-50 questionnaires) at 2 years and compared between HT regimens by χ2 trend test.Results: Bicalutamide patients were significantly younger (median 67 vs 69 years LHRHa). Median follow-up was 9.3 years. There was no difference in biochemical or clinical failure with an adjusted hazard ratio or 0.97 (95% confidence interval, 0.77-1.23; P = .8). At 2 years, grade ≥2 LENT-SOM ED was reported in significantly more LHRHa patients (313 out of 590; 53%) versus bicalutamide (17 out of 68; 25%) (P < .0001). There were no differences in ED seen with UCLA-PCI and EPIC-50 questionnaires.Conclusions: In this nonrandomized comparison, there was no evidence of a difference in efficacy according to type of HT received. Bicalutamide preserved clinician assessed (LENT-SOM) erectile function at 2 years but patient-reported outcomes were similar between groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To examine the clinical benefits and toxicities of 223Ra in 2 different age groups of patients with castrate-resistant prostate cancer.Methods and Materials: This was a retrospective study of patients treated with 223Ra in 2 tertiary centers. Patients were divided into 2 different groups based on their age (≥72 years old and <72 years old). Treatment toxicities were graded according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0. Comparison of characteristics and outcome was carried out with the Mann-Whitney test and analysis of overall survival with the log-rank test.Results: In all, 129 patients were treated during the study period. Clinical benefit was similar in both groups. However, a statistically significant higher proportion of patients in the younger group had previously been treated with docetaxel. There was a higher rate of grade 3 anemia in younger patients.Conclusions: In line with other studies, 223Ra was well tolerated with minimum toxicities. The significantly higher rate of grade 3 anemia in younger patients may be due to more cautious patient selection in the elderly population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]