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The prevailing complex geological and ecological conditions of Taiwan have drawn considerable attention from various geo-ecological communities because of their vulnerability to produce various natural hazards at different scales. Located in the tropical/subtropical zone of the Pacific Rim, its ecological and rugged mountainous properties are environmentally sensitive making monitoring and observation especially difficult because of the high population density. In this article, we have investigated the land deformation in two adjacent industrial parks, Jhong-Li and Guei-Shan, in northern Taiwan using radar interferometry. The Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar technique for processing a series of data sets was first validated by comparison with ground levelling measurements over a test site. Excellent agreement was obtained in both deformation pattern and magnitude of subsidence rate. The period of observation dated from 1993 to 2000 with Synthetic Aperture Radar images from ERS-1 and ERS-2. The results, after least-squares adjustment, revealed that the maximum subsidence reached 10 cm and the subsidence rates were about 1.8 cm year−1 (at epicentres) since 1993 at both parks. It was also found that the subsidence rate slowed down after 1998 at Jhong-Li park while continuing at Guei-Shan park. This was strongly associated with local groundwater extraction activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article compares one- and two-source energy balance (OSEB and TSEB) models in the estimates of surface energy components using Landsat imagery and surface measurements acquired from an experimental field at Yucheng Station in Northern China. Compared to surface measurements, similar performance between the TSEB and OSEB models has been observed for estimated surface net radiation and soil heat flux. The root mean square difference (RMSD) is within 14–39 W m−2in both the TSEB and OSEB models. The residual energy (ER) correction method yields the best agreement in comparisons of the sensible (H) and latent (LE) heat fluxes estimated using both the TSEB and OSEB models to the eddy covariance (EC) system measurements. The TSEB model is shown to greatly outperform the OSEB model in reproducing surfaceHandLEmeasurements. Cirrus clouds are likely responsible for the surface temperature retrieved from the enhanced thematic mapper plus (ETM+) sensor being lower than air temperature on days of the year (DOYs) 178 and 218 of 2009. This atmospheric stability is contrary to the unstable atmosphere that the EC measurements observe. If data on these two days are excluded and theERcorrection method is applied, when comparing the estimatedHandLEto the EC measurements, RMSD is within 55 W m−2in the TSEB model and is larger than 97 W m−2in the OSEB model. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]