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Aim: To investigate the linkage of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) gene polymorphisms with the pathogenesis of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: This meta‐analysis study systematically retrieved relevant studies from PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Central, Wanfang Data, CNKI, and SinoMed up to November 2020. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to estimate the association between MMP gene polymorphisms and OA. Results: A total of nine case–control studies comprising 1719 knee OA patients and 1904 controls were included in this meta‐analysis. The results revealed that MMP‐1‐1607 (rs1799750) 1G/2G polymorphism was not significantly associated with knee OA risk in four genetic models (OR (95% CI): allele model: 0.89 (0.57, 1.40), p =.615); dominant mode: 0.82 (0.47, 1.44), p =.486; recessive model: 0.88 (0.49, 1.57), p =.659; homozygote model: 0.79 (0.34, 1.82), p =.576. The association was significant for dominant model of MMP‐3 C/T: 1.54 (1.10–2.15), p =.013, especially in Asian ethnicity (1.63 (1.11, 2.39), p =.013). Variants of MMP‐13 C/T polymorphism were associated with increased risk of knee OA development based on dominant model: 1.56 (1.19, 2.06), p =.001 and homozygote model: 2.12 (1.44, 3.13), p <.001, and there were significant associations between MMP‐13 C/T polymorphism and knee OA risk in Asian ethnicity under different genetic models (all p >.05). Conclusions: Present evidence suggested that the gene polymorphisms of MMP‐1‐1607 1G/2G may not be associated with the risk of OA. But, the dominant model of MMP‐3 and MMP‐13 polymorphisms in Asian ethnicity was significantly correlated with knee OA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]