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The relationship between diversification and firm performance varies among institutions and over time. Less is known about the advantageousness of diversification in economy-wide crises, which have occurred frequently in recent years Using data from a recent survey, we studied nearly 400 Nigeria private firms using two different approaches panel and cross-period comparisons. The findings of both approaches show that diversified firms performed better than focused firms. This was also true during the 2008 global financial crisis. The higher the diversification level, the more positive the firm performance was. We also investigated the influence of ownership structure. Firms that are totally owned by the founding owner and his/her family tend to have unsatisfactory performance under crisis. This finding provides evidence of the increasing attention on management and governance to explain firm. Linear regression models were evaluated to test the effect of diversification on firm performance. Panel A uses profit as the dependent variable, and Panel B uses sales. For each year (2007, 2008, and 2009), two regression models were evaluated: one testing the impact of diversification and the other testing the impact of the diversification level. We found that diversified firms performed better than focused firms during the recent global financial crisis. The diversification level was positively and linearly related to performance, that is, more diversified firms performed better. Moreover, we found that private firms that are totally owned by the founding owner and his/her family performed worse under crisis.

the aim of this research work is to highpoint all the effects of human capital development on organisational performance in Trustfund Pension Limited. Modern business nature is in the state of disorder, where competition is very high. Organizations that neglect change may be required to change from existence to non-existence, therefore survival is the solution. To live, companies must uncover all available capital that can bring about competitive advantage. To create a competitive advantage, it is essential that firms truly influence on the workforce as a competitive weapon. Precisely, the study aimed to carry out the following objectives: to establish the relationship between Human capital management and organizational performance, to highlight the needs for human capital development for improved organizational performance. The study had a population size of 152, out of which a sample size of 110 was realized using Taro Yamane formula at 5% error to tolerance and 95 % level of confidence. Instrument used for data collection was primarily questionnaire. The total numbers of 110 copies of the questionnaire were distributed while 80 copies were returned. The descriptive research design was adopted for the study. Two hypotheses were tested using Pearson’s moment correlation coefficient. The findings suggest that there was significant relationship between human capital management and organisational performance. The necessity for human capital development include teaching the skills and knowledge requires in new staff, upgrading the skills and knowledge of old employees, meeting the challenges of technological innovation acquiring the skills required in the competitive market and enhancing human capital resourcefulness. The study recommends that Human resource manage should ensure that proper identification, determination and assessment of human capital needs in the organization

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of informal groups on organizational performance. Informal groups are a very powerful social network which are constructed in response to and through actions of their members, informal groupings when viewed on the degree of their being informal, creates a managerial burden informally for managers who require additional competences to manage their activities. Informal groups exist to achieve group interest which may not necessarily be in tandem with the overall goals of the organization. The aim of this study is to identify why employees engage in informal groups. A survey research design was adopted and copies of questionnaire were administered on 319 employees of the selected construction companies, using disproportionate stratified sampling technique. The data collected were analyzed using Pearson product moment correlation. The questionnaire was validated using content validity. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by determining the correlation coefficient of the data collected at two different periods. The study discovered informal groups has a significant effect on employee performance, there is a significant relationship between informal groups and their characteristics, there is a significant relationship between informal groups and self-confidence in Nigerian construction firms and Informal groups has significant influence on organizational performance in Nigeria