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The Π -shaped open section girder is a very common section, which has been widely used in the construction of modern bridges. However, compared with a streamlined box girder, it is easy to cause vortex-induced vibration (VIV) in bridges due to its bluff section shape and poor aerodynamic stability. In this paper, a typical open section with a height–width ratio of 10:1 is taken as the research object. Through wind tunnel tests and numerical simulation technology, the time-history data of VIV of the Π -shaped section are obtained. By selecting three different neural network models to establish the relationship between external parameters (wind attack angle, wind speed, turbulence) and structural response parameters (the onset wind speed of VIV, the length of the lock-in interval). After comparing different machine learning methods, the most suitable machine learning model is selected to predict the VIV response characteristics of the main girder. The research results show that the typical open section has a serious VIV phenomenon. The BP neural network model has the best performance in predicting the VIV performance of the open section in terms of calculation speed, prediction accuracy and solving nonlinear adaptability. At the same time, it is found that different characteristic parameters of the incoming wind field have different influences on the prediction results of the VIV response. Among them, the wind attack angle is the key parameter that affects the onset wind speed of VIV, but the turbulence intensity has a greater impact on the maximum amplitude of VIV. At the same time, the optimized BP model can predict the characteristic parameters of VIV response under unknown wind fields. This paper provides a new idea to study the effect of different incoming flow parameters on the performance of section VIV and further improves people's understanding of VIV system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]