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Introduction and Importance: Cutaneous Mucormycosis (CM) is a less frequent type of fungal infection that can present with different skin lesions. Although these lesions appear to be benign and silent, CM rapidly progresses into the deeper layers. Given that no specific laboratory or imaging finding is described for the disease, the diagnosis is mainly based on history and physical examination. In addition, immediate debridement and antifungal agents must be commenced., Case Presentation: We present a 43-year-old septic man who was hospitalized for his forefoot infection. During his admission, he developed a necrotic-like ulcer in his antecubital fossa. After initial debridement, pathology examination revealed the infection with mucormycosis. We administered intravenous liposomal Amphotericin B, and also multiple surgeries were performed. Unfortunately, the sepsis progressed to multiorgan failure, and the patient passed away., Conclusion: CM requires emergent diagnosis and treatment. Early surgical interventions like extensive debridement and repetitive wound irrigation alongside systemic antifungal therapy are the key steps to preventing the progression of the disease., (Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Introduction and Importance: Gossypiboma is defined as developing an exudative inflammatory process around retained foreign bodies (RFBs). This problem may be asymptomatic or present with severe systemic or regional symptoms. Traditionally, every RFB must be removed with a surgical procedure. In the era of minimally invasive surgery, laparoscopic removal is a good choice for these problems., Case Presentation: A young woman was referred to us with intermittent vague abdominal pain and a history of open cholecystectomy. After initial imaging, we found a twisted string-like object in epigastrium. Considering clinical findings and imaging, the patient was taken to the operating room with a diagnosis of RFB. After an explorative laparoscopy, we found an encapsulated fibrotic mass around a surgical sponge with pus-like secretions., Conclusion: After diagnosing either RFB or gossypiboma, surgical intervention is mandatory, even in asymptomatic patients. Laparoscopy can help the surgeon to remove the retained item safely. Also, decreased length of stay and postoperative pain are significant advantages of laparoscopic removal., (Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Introduction and Importance: Reduction en-masse is an extremely rare condition that usually develops in prolonged hernias. Spontaneous or iatrogenic reduction of this type of hernia may lead to disastrous consequences such as obstruction, gangrene, or peritonitis. According to the reports so far, surgical management is the only choice for this condition., Presentation of Case: In this paper, we report a 48-year-old man who presented with vague abdominal pain and a history of inguinal hernia for years and had reduced his hernia five days earlier. Computed tomography (CT) and ultrasonography confirmed the diagnosis, and the patient was taken to the operating room to relieve the bowel loop utilizing laparoscopy., Conclusion: Laparoscopic relief could be an effective tool in diagnosis and surgery of reduction en-masse. Transabdominal preperitoneal repair is the best choice due to its capability to explore the intraabdominal organs and its low risk of recurrence., (Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Introduction and Importance: Primary adrenal leiomyosarcoma (PAL) is an extremely rare neoplasm that usually arises from the smooth muscle cells of the adrenal or adjacent vascular structures. The tumor is asymptomatic until it grows up and develops a mass effect in the retroperitoneal region. Although there are about 50 reported valid cases, surgical intervention is mandatory in the majority of patients., Case Presentation: Herein, we report the case of a 32-year-old healthy woman with a chief complaint of vague abdominal pain. After initial clinical and radiological examinations, we found a large retroperitoneal mass located around the right adrenal gland. Due to the patient's pain, a laparotomy was performed, and a large mass was resected with free margins. Immunohistochemical examination was positive for vimentin, smooth muscle actin (SMA), and desmin. Therefore, the diagnosis of PAL was confirmed., Conclusion: Although PAL is an uncommon malignancy, its diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are almost straightforward. A computed tomography scan can show the characteristics of the tumor and direct the management. Surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment, and the effects of adjuvant therapies have not been apparent yet., (Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Introduction and Importance: Gastric pneumatosis with concurrent hepatic portal vein gas is an extremely rare condition in the adult population. It can be idiopathic or associated with well-known etiologies. Gastric outlet obstruction can progressively inflate the stomach and cause pneumatosis. Regarding abdominal signs and the presence of acute abdomen, management varies from just conservative to emergent surgical interventions., Case Presentation: We introduce an adult patient who presented to our hospital with weakness and dyspnea. After initial measures, unexpectedly we found intraabdominal free gas, concurrent gastric pneumatosis, and aeroportia. Due to the absence of positive abdominal signs, the patient was treated successfully without any surgical or endoscopic interventions., Discussion: Gastric outlet obstruction is a well-known cause of gastric pneumatosis. Progressive dilation of the stomach due to pyloric stenosis is well-described both in infants and adult populations., Conclusion: In stable patients, gastric drainage and correction of electrolyte disturbance are the only required treatment. However endoscopic and surgical interventions should be considered in unstable patients or those developing acute abdomen., (Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)