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Purpose: To investigate serum levels of interleukin (IL)-12 (Th1 cytokine), IL-27 (an immunomodulatory cytokine), IL-4 (suppressor of Th1-cell growth), IL-13 (a stimulatory signal for Th2 cytokines), and IL-33 (an epithelial cell-derived cytokine) and their relations with the disease activity in Behcet's Disease (BD)., Methods: Four groups, each composed of 20 participants were enrolled in the study; active ocular BD (Group-A), ocular BD in remission (Group-B), nonocular BD in remission (Group-C) and healthy controls (Group-D). IL levels were compared between the study groups and their correlation with the disease activity parameters were analyzed., Results: IL-13 and IL-33 were higher in Group-A. IL-27 was lower in all BD groups. Additionally, IL-13 and IL-33 levels were positively correlated with disease activity parameters., Conclusion: These findings show Th2 dominance in the active phase of BD. Besides, decreased levels of IL-27, and presumably, its protective anti-inflammatory effect in all study groups may exert a new pathologic finding in BD.

We present an 8-month-old female patient with bilateral spontaneous corneal perforation and lamellar ichthyosis. On examination, the skin of the body and face of the patient was completely dry and scaly. Cicatricial ectropion and descemetocele with small perforations were seen. Double-layered amniotic membrane transplantation on the cornea with eyelid construction was performed on both eyes. At the 6-month follow-up, lower eyelid minimal ectropion formation and inferior corneal leukoma were seen bilaterally. In ichthyosis patients, the cornea should be monitored closely due to the risk of severe visual loss and corneal perforation.

We present a case of a 40-year-old female with severe keratouveitis secondary to Euphorbia trigona plant sap. The patient dropped sap into both eyes to relieve itching and developed Euphorbia keratouveitis. Visual acuity was finger counting at 1 m in both eyes on presentation. On examination, eyelid edema, ciliary injection, corneal edema with Descemet membrane folds and exudate in the anterior chamber were seen bilaterally. With supportive treatment all signs and symptoms were relieved. Exposure to Euphorbia sap should be treated immediately to prevent sequelae like corneal scarring.