In this article I study a number of topological and algebraic dimension type properties of simple C-algebras and their interplay. In particular, a simple C-algebra is defined to be (tracially) $(m,\bar{m})$-pure, if it has (strong tracial) m-comparison and is (tracially) $\bar{m}$-almost divisible. These notions are related to each other, and to nuclear dimension. The main result says that if a separable, simple, nonelementary, unital C-algebra with locally finite nuclear dimension is $(m,\bar{m})$-pure, then it absorbs the Jiang-Su algebra $\mathcal{Z}$ tensorially. It follows that a separable, simple, nonelementary, unital C-algebra with locally finite nuclear dimension is $\mathcal{Z}$-stable if and only if it has the Cuntz semigroup of a $\mathcal{Z}$-stable C-algebra. The result may be regarded as a version of Kirchberg's celebrated theorem that separable, simple, nuclear, purely infinite C-algebras absorb the Cuntz algebra $\mathcal{O}_{\infty}$ tensorially. As a corollary we obtain that finite nuclear dimension implies $\mathcal{Z}$-stability for separable, simple, nonelementary, unital C-algebras; this settles an important case of a conjecture by Toms and the author. The main result also has a number of consequences for Elliott's program to classify nuclear C-algebras by their K-theory data. In particular, it completes the classification of simple, unital, approximately homogeneous algebras with slow dimension growth by their Elliott invariants, a question left open in the Elliott-Gong-Li classification of simple AH algebras. Another consequence is that for simple, unital, approximately subhomogeneous algebras, slow dimension growth and $\mathcal {Z}$-stability are equivalent. In the case where projections separate traces, this completes the classification of simple, unital, approximately subhomogeneous algebras with slow dimension growth by their ordered K-groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]