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The cable-to-pylon connection is the key component of cable-stayed bridge, which transmits the cable force. In order to study on the fatigue performance of cable-to-steel pylon connection, a full-scale specimen of cable-to-steel pylon connection of cable-stayed bridge was constructed and a series of fatigue tests were carried out. At first, the cable force amplitude under fatigue load was gotten using FEM. Next, a full-scale fatigue test program of cable-to-steel pylon connection was set out. At last, fatigue performance of anchor box was analyzed. There were no visible cracks on the surface of the anchor box after a fatigue test of 2.76 million fatigue cycles. The stress and displacement of the anchor box changed slightly. The stress and displacement were linear under various static loads. Based on the results, the following conclusions were noted. First, the anchor box met the requirements of a normal design life. Second, the mechanical performance of the anchor box remained elastic. Third, the steel box had long fatigue life under the fatigue load according to JTG D64. Moreover, the results of cumulative fatigue damage showed that the fatigue performance of component of the anchor box was lower than that of welds of the anchor box.