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It is known that lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxemia promotes male sterility. This research project intended to examine the repercussions of nano-zinc oxide on caspase-3 and sex competence in male quail lipopolysaccharide-exposed cells. The quail were distributed at randomization into four groups; the first collection of birds was allowed to receive the usual feed and was used as a control, while the second collection was injected intraperitoneally LPS twice weekly at a prescribed dosage of 1 mg/kg body weight, the third collection was given nano-zinc oxide at a prescribed dosage of 40 mg/kg fodder for six weeks. The four-group collection was treated with the same nano zinc oxide particle dose and injected LPS at the same decided dose. The result indicates that management of the LPS effect significantly drops in testosterone, live sperm, sperm count, testis morphometric, and Johnsen's scoring, accompanied by a rise in dead, abnormal sperm and caspase-3 as linked with control. The application of NZO 40 mg/kg diet exhibited a higher significance in testosterone and live sperm with testicular criteria and Johnsen's scoring with drop dead, abnormal sperms, and caspase-3. Treated with nano-zinc oxide concurrently with LPS causes a rise in testosterone and Johnsen's scoring with a decrease in caspase-3 comparable to the LPS group and returns the value of testosterone hormone to normal value. It concluded that supplementation of nano zinc oxide is necessary to overcome the contamination with LPS, which negatively affects male sex characteristics, and nano zinc repairs that effect.

Nano-chromium has an anabolic effect when used in low concentrations and boosts nucleic acid synthesis in the liver; it is also termed a glucose tolerance factor (GTF) because it regulates the ' 'insulin's metabolic action. It is used in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. This study was carried out on 20 local white male rabbits (aged two months), which were randomly assigned into four groups: the first was a control group fed on a standard diet, the second was a group fed on a high-fatty diet (HFD), the third was a group fed on a standard diet which has was given Chromium at a concentration of 2 mg/L with drinking water, and the fourth was a group of nano chromium fed on a fatty diet who were given chromium 2 mg/ L of drinking water. The fatty diet group had higher levels of erythrocytes, leukocytes, Hb, hematocrit, lymphocytes, neutrophil, glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, GLUT-2, insulin, and insulin resistance with a decrease in HDL. In comparison, the two groups of chromium nanoparticles showed lower levels of erythrocytes, leukocytes, Hb, hematocrit lymphocytes, neutrophil, glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride GLUT-2, insulin, and insulin resistance but higher levels of HDL. Our objective is to investigate the deleterious effects of the HFD on hematological values, GLUT-2 levels, and insulin levels, as well as the potential for nano-chromium to enhance these qualities.

The aim of this study to evaluate the effect of β-mannanase. Lysolecithin and Probiotic on some reproductive performance and hormone profile in female quail. Six hundred one day - old quail birds were randomly divided to four treatments (60 birds/treatment) with 3 replicates for each group treatment (20 birds / replicate) and at three duration periods. The first period 1-7 weeks, second period 7 - 13 weeks, third period 1-13 weeks. The group of study were control was fed on a standard ration. the second, third and fourth treatments were given β-mannanase. Lysolecithin. probiotic 0.5 g /kg ration respectively. Blood samples wear taken for blood serum analysis. including estimation of follicle- stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone. The results revealed that the treated groups showed a significant increase in relative weight of the ovary and oviduct compared with control group. β-mannanase and probiotic groups showed a significant increase in the oviduct length compared with the control and Lysolecithin groups. There was a significant increase in the numbers of growing and mature follicles and weight of large follicle in all treated groups compared with control group. The 3rd period showed a significant increase in the relative weight of ovary. oviduct and numbers of growing follicles. while the 2nd and 3rd period showed a significant increase in the oviduct length. About the interaction between treatments and periods. the best result appeared in the ovarian relative weight in the 3rd period for probiotic and β-mannanase. the 3rd period of probiotic showed a significant increase in the oviduct relative weight and for the oviduct length at 2ed and 3rd period for probiotic and β-mannanase. while 3rd period of probiotic show best interaction in the numbers of growing follicles, as 2nd and 3rd periods showed better increase in the mature follicle's numbers and for large follicle weight in 1st and 2nd period of probiotic. The result also showed a significant increase in the FSH and LH level in all treated groups compared with control group. The 2nd and 3rd period were better significantly in the level of FSH and LH. Probiotic at 2nd and 3rd period showed a significant interaction on the level of FSH. On the other hand, 2nd and 3rd period for the β-mannanase and probiotic showed a better significant in the LH level. In conclusion. β-mannanase. Lysolecithin and probiotic supplementation to quail ration improved the hormonal status and enhance reproduction.

The study was carried out to investigate the effect of diazepam in drinking water on some productive and physiological traits of hybrid (Cobb500) broiler chickens. Forty birds (male and female) were used at age of three weeks to determine the suitable concentrations of diazepam per milliliter of drinking water which can be practically employed to calm down the birds , without producing too much sedation. Two levels of diazepam were chosen (0.02 and 0.04 mg/ml) from the four levels tested (0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.08 mg/ml). At four weeks of age, 90 birds (45 males and45 females) were chosen, relatively homogenous in body weights, and divided into three groups. The first group (the control) was given drinking water free of diazepam, the second and third groups were given 0.02 and 0.04 mg of diazepam / ml of water, respectively. Data indicated that there was an increase in the average body weights for the groups treated with diazepam at age of five, seven and eight weeks .Also an increase in the amount of feed consumed ,an improvement of feed efficiency ,and an increase in dressing percentage for groups treated with diazepam. No significant differences were found between any of the treated groups for the diazepam and the control groups, in the levels of glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides.

The aim of the present work was to evaluate serum glucose concentration and lipid profile in racing horses in Iraq. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein of 92 clinically healthy racing horses (males and females, Arabian and Cross bred), 2-8 years old at Equestrian Club, Baghdad. Investigations included serum measurements of glucose (sg) and lipid profile parameters; total cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein- cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-C) and the atherogenic ratio (LDL-C/HDL-C), in order to register the normal ranges and mean values of these measured parameters in Iraqi healthy racing horses. Results showed that the range and mean values ± standard error of sg were: 33.3 – 6.71 mmol/l and 5.17±0.07 mmol/l, respectively, whereas the TC was 2.07 – 4.22 mmol/l and 3.01±0.05 mmol/l, TG 0.6 – 1.47 mmol/l and 1.06±0.02 mmol/l, HDL-C 0.93 – 2.25 mmol/l and 1.50±0.03 mmol/l, LDL-C 0.10 – 2.12 mmol/l and 0.91±0.04 mmol/l, VLDL-C 0.31 -0.67 mmol/l and 0.55±0.02 mmol/l, respectively and the atherogenic ratio 0.66±0.03. The data present reference values and mean ± SE for sg and lipid profile parameters in healthy racing horses in Baghdad.