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Summary Tumor-associated p53 mutations endow cells with malignant phenotypes, including chemoresistance. Amyloid-like oligomers of mutant p53 transform this tumor suppressor into an oncogene. However, the composition and distribution of mutant p53 oligomers are unknown and the mechanism involved in the conversion is sparse. Here, we report accumulation of a p53 mutant within amyloid-like p53 oligomers in glioblastoma-derived cells presenting a chemoresistant gain-of-function phenotype. Statistical analysis from fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy, pressure-induced measurements, and thioflavin T kinetics demonstrates the distribution of oligomers larger than the active tetrameric form of p53 in the nuclei of living cells and the destabilization of native-drifted p53 species that become amyloid. Collectively, these results provide insights into the role of amyloid-like mutant p53 oligomers in the chemoresistance phenotype of malignant and invasive brain tumors and shed light on therapeutic options to avert cancer., Graphical Abstract, Highlights • Amyloid oligomers transform p53 tumor suppressor into an oncogene • Amyloid-like mutant p53 oligomers occur in chemoresistant glioblastoma cells • p53 oligomer larger than tetramers is detected in the nuclei of living cells • Gain-of-function p53 phenotypes is attributed to p53 amyloid oligomers, Structural Biology; Protein Structure Aspects; Biophysics; Cancer