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The concentration of black carbon (BC), measured in near-surface air on the territory of the Pechora-Ilych State Natural Biosphere Reserve (PISNBR) on the western side of the Northern Ural Mountains, far from sources, is presented for two years (December 2017–November 2019). The temporal variations in BC concentration throughout a year and the location of its main sources are analyzed. The average values for two cold and two warm half-years were 128 and 62 ng/m3, respectively. The BC concentration in near-surface atmosphere was compared with MERRA-2 reanalysis data. On a monthly scale, the anomalous increase in BC concentration during short-term smoke aerosol transport across the observation area is more clearly revealed from the reanalysis data, rather than by values measured at a single point. Daily monitoring allows us to detect the specific dates of such situations.

Estimates of some aerosol and radiation characteristics of the atmosphere in the summer of 2010 are obtained according to the results of the measurements made at the Meteorological Observatory (MO) at Moscow State University and are compared with the results of the measurements performed in 2002 and 1972 during the forest and peat fires. In contrast to 1972 and 2002, the period under study in 2010 is characterized by a greater frequency of the highest class of fire danger according to Nesterov, higher aerosol optical depths of the atmosphere up to 4.6, and a more significant weakening of solar radiation in different spectrum regions. In 2010 the smoke aerosol caused losses of the total shortwave radiation of 33%, visible radiation of 39%, ultraviolet radiation of 300–380 nm of 51%, and erythemal radiation of 63%. At the same time, an increase in the downward long-wave radiation to 40–50 W/m2 under extreme aerosol optical depths is recorded.