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Context: Chest compression-only bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) may be as effective as conventional CPR with rescue breathing for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.Objective: To investigate the survival of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest using compression-only CPR (COCPR) compared with conventional CPR.Design, Setting, and Patients: A 5-year prospective observational cohort study of survival in patients at least 18 years old with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2009, in Arizona. The relationship between layperson bystander CPR and survival to hospital discharge was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression.Main Outcome Measure: Survival to hospital discharge.Results: Among 5272 adults with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest of cardiac etiology not observed by responding emergency medical personnel, 779 were excluded because bystander CPR was provided by a health care professional or the arrest occurred in a medical facility. A total of 4415 met all inclusion criteria for analysis, including 2900 who received no bystander CPR, 666 who received conventional CPR, and 849 who received COCPR. Rates of survival to hospital discharge were 5.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.4%-6.0%) for the no bystander CPR group, 7.8% (95% CI, 5.8%-9.8%) for conventional CPR, and 13.3% (95% CI, 11.0%-15.6%) for COCPR. The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for survival for conventional CPR vs no CPR was 0.99 (95% CI, 0.69-1.43), for COCPR vs no CPR, 1.59 (95% CI, 1.18-2.13), and for COCPR vs conventional CPR, 1.60 (95% CI, 1.08-2.35). From 2005 to 2009, lay rescuer CPR increased from 28.2% (95% CI, 24.6%-31.8%) to 39.9% (95% CI, 36.8%-42.9%; P < .001); the proportion of CPR that was COCPR increased from 19.6% (95% CI, 13.6%-25.7%) to 75.9% (95% CI, 71.7%-80.1%; P < .001). Overall survival increased from 3.7% (95% CI, 2.2%-5.2%) to 9.8% (95% CI, 8.0%-11.6%; P < .001).Conclusion: Among patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, layperson compression-only CPR was associated with increased survival compared with conventional CPR and no bystander CPR in this setting with public endorsement of chest compression-only CPR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on research which was conducted to determine if the survival of patients with out of hospital cardiac arrest would improve with minimally interrupted cardiac resuscitation (MICR), an alternate emergency medical services protocol. Researchers used a prospective study to examine survival to hospital discharge between January 1, 2005 and November 22, 2007. Researchers found that survival to hospital discharge of patients with out of hospital cardiac arrest increased after implementation of MICR as an alternate emergency medical services protocol.

Examines the effectiveness of end-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) as a resuscitation and survival prognostic indicator. Observation of cardiac arrest patients with capnometry during CPR; Difference in the levels of average end tidal carbon dioxide partial pressures between the dead and surviving subjects; Correlation between carbon dioxide monitoring and cardiac resuscitation.

Reports on the publication of 'Guidelines 2000 for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care--International Consensus on Science,' by the American Heart Association. Development of changes to the guidelines; Revised recommendation, including rules for tracheal intubation, defibrillation and alternative techniques to standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

The article is a letter from the authors of the editorial "Surviving cardiac arrest: location, location, location" replying to a letter by Comilla Sasson, Arthur L. Kellermann and Bryan F. NcNally regarding the editorial on cardiac life support.

The authors reflect on the survival of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), discussing the application of proposed rules for termination of resuscitation (TOR) for patients suffering OHCA. The proposed rules, which concern both basic life support (BLS) personnel and advanced life support (ALS) personnel, are also discussed.

Explains the points of contention made by readers about an article published in a previous issue of the periodical 'Journal of the American Medical Association,' (JAMA) regarding the correlation between chemical compounds and coronary perfusion pressure which occurs during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.