1. Nomograms to Predict Recurrence-Free and Overall Survival After Curative Resection of Adrenocortical Carcinoma.
- Author
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Kim, Yuhree, Margonis, Georgios A, Prescott, Jason D, Tran, Thuy B, Postlewait, Lauren M, Maithel, Shishir K, Wang, Tracy S, Evans, Douglas B, Hatzaras, Ioannis, Shenoy, Rivfka, Phay, John E, Keplinger, Kara, Fields, Ryan C, Jin, Linda X, Weber, Sharon M, Salem, Ahmed I, Sicklick, Jason K, Gad, Shady, Yopp, Adam C, Mansour, John C, Duh, Quan-Yang, Seiser, Natalie, Solorzano, Carmen C, Kiernan, Colleen M, Votanopoulos, Konstantinos I, Levine, Edward A, Poultsides, George A, and Pawlik, Timothy M
- Subjects
Humans ,Adrenocortical Carcinoma ,Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms ,Neoplasm Recurrence ,Local ,Prognosis ,Disease-Free Survival ,Adrenalectomy ,Postoperative Period ,Incidence ,Survival Rate ,Nomograms ,Adult ,Middle Aged ,United States ,Female ,Male ,Cancer ,Patient Safety ,Clinical Research - Abstract
ImportanceAdrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare but aggressive endocrine tumor, and the prognostic factors associated with long-term outcomes after surgical resection remain poorly defined.ObjectivesTo define clinicopathological variables associated with recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) after curative surgical resection of ACC and to propose nomograms for individual risk prediction.Design, setting, and participantsNomograms to predict RFS and OS after surgical resection of ACC were proposed using a multi-institutional cohort of patients who underwent curative-intent surgery for ACC at 13 major institutions in the United States between March 17, 1994, and December 22, 2014. The dates of our study analysis were April 15, 2015, to May 12, 2015.Main outcomes and measuresThe discriminative ability and calibration of the nomograms to predict RFS and OS were tested using C statistics, calibration plots, and Kaplan-Meier curves.ResultsIn total, 148 patients who underwent surgery for ACC were included in the study. The median patient age was 53 years, and 65.5% (97 of 148) of the patients were female. One-third of the patients (35.1% [52 of 148]) had a functional tumor, and the median tumor size was 11.2 cm. Most patients (77.7% [115 of 148]) underwent R0 resection, and 8.8% (13 of 148) of the patients had N1 disease. Using backward stepwise selection of clinically important variables with the Akaike information criterion, the following variables were incorporated in the prediction of RFS: tumor size of at least 12 cm (hazard ratio [HR], 3.00; 95% CI, 1.63-5.70; P
- Published
- 2016