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Objectives: To review published data on the pharmacist’s implication in obstetrics and gynecology, to evaluate current activities and to suggest adjustments for pharmaceutical practice optimization. Methods: Descriptive study in three steps: scientific literature review on the role of the obstetrics and gynecology pharmacist, description of current activities in our center, recommendations for optimization of the pharmaceutical practice based on published data and suggestions from the pharmacists working on the obstetrics and gynecology wards. Results: Fifteen articles showed that pharmacists reduce medication errors, improve patient knowledge on their medication and were positively evaluated by patients. The quality of evidence was often of poor quality. The pharmacists in our center already perform the majority of activities described in the scientific literature: medication reconciliation, pharmacotherapy optimization, pharmacokinetics follow-ups, patient counseling, healthcare providers education and creation of protocols. The following changes are suggested to optimize current practice: reorganization of information ressources, evaluation of the patients’ satisfaction, increased access to self-medication, implementation of a structured pharmaceutical care program for outpatients including those consulting the medically assisted reproduction centre and enhanced participation to research projects. Conclusion: Pharmaceutical care in obstetrics and gynecology is poorly documented. Pharmacists in our centre accomplish many of the activities described in the scientific literature. Nevertheless, this exercise generated recommendations to optimize the role of the pharmacist in obstetrics and gynecology in our centre. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]