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Acute corneal hydrops is a condition characterized by marked stromal edema attributable to leakage of aqueous humor through a rupture in Descemet's membrane. In addition to the clinical examination, imaging options include ultrasound biomicroscopy, anterior segment optical coherence tomography and in vivo confocal microscopy. While it is a self-limiting condition, the duration of acute hydrops is an important factor linked to complications such as neovascularization. Therapeutic options may relieve symptoms and/or reduce healing time; these include conservative, medical and/or surgical therapies. Several new medical and surgical management options have been reported in the past few years and will be discussed in this article., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: Descemet's membrane detachment (DMD) is a rare but potentially serious complication of cataract surgery. Although there are no consensual guidelines regarding the diagnosis or treatment of DMD, incorrect treatment may result in irreversible corneal changes with visual sequellae. The purpose of our study is to describe the diagnosis and treatment of DMD., Methods: We report a series of 9 cases of DMD, their diagnosis, treatment and outcomes. We tested the HELP protocol retrospectively against our 9 real-life cases., Results: Two cases recovered with simple medical management, 4 required air-bubble descemetopexy, and three required keratoplasty. Our study revealed that the main factor associated with poor outcomes is late diagnosis and management., Conclusion: Our series illustrates the importance of proactive management and timely diagnosis by performing anterior segment OCT in the setting of persistent postoperative corneal edema., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

This exploratory clinical trial aims to assess the effect on visual acuity and central corneal thickness of an unpreserved hypertonic ophthalmic solution containing sodium chloride (5%) and sodium hyaluronate, in patients with chronic corneal edema caused by endothelial disease reducing their visual acuity. Twenty patients were enrolled and treated with the hypertonic solution (1 to 2 drops per eye, 4 times a day over 28 days). Progression of visual acuity (ETDRS score) and corneal thickness (ultrasonic pachymetry) was measured from baseline (without treatment) through the treatment period (Day 7 and Day 28). The analyses were performed on 18 patients (Full Analysis Set [FAS] population). The causes of corneal edema were Fuchs endothelial dystrophy in 10 cases and post-cataract surgery endothelial decompensation in 8 patients. The mean visual acuity values for the FAS population compared between baseline (Day-7) and one week of treatment (Day+7) show a significant 5-point VA improvement (P<0.001 paired Wilcoxon test). For corneal thickness, there was also a significant decrease (P=0.033 paired Wilcoxon test). Functional improvement was observed at 28 days of instillation. No adverse events were recorded during the clinical study. In conclusion, the unpreserved hyperosmolar solution containing sodium chloride and sodium hyaluronate significantly improved ETDRS visual acuity after one week of use. In this clinical trial, the solution also showed excellent tolerability results., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: To study the corneal morphological characteristics of acute hydrops by analyzing anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) "en face" images., Patients and Methods: Four patients presenting with acute hydrops were examined at different stages, respectively after 1 day, 1 week, 3 weeks and 6 months. All patients had a complete ophthalmic evaluation including "en face" AS-OCT examination. In vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) and histological analysis of the cornea obtained after penetrating keratoplasty were also performed in one patient., Results: The "en face" AS-OCT showed that the early edema in acute hydrops corresponded to multiple epithelial microcysts associated with large intra-stromal lacunae. We also observed that, in association with the disappearance of the microcysts and lacunae, "en face" OCT demonstrated subepithelial scars in the form of weakly reflective, fine, interlaced linear opacities. These opacities subsequently increased in thickness resulting in a dense subepithelial network. These findings were consistent with the results of histological and IVCM studies., Conclusion: "En face" AS-OCT allows for precise study of the tissue changes occurring in acute corneal hydrops. Besides a better understanding of this rare complication of keratoconus, this new imaging technique may help clinicians to identify the corneal structural changes, which place keratoconus patients at risk of corneal hydrops., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: In France in 2009, newly operated patients after cataract surgery are usually seen by their surgeon the day after surgery (D1). The value of this day-after visit has been undergoing reassessment for some years, but this visit remains in widespread use in France. The aim of this study was to assess whether this visit changes patient management., Patients and Methods: One hundred three consecutive patients (106 eyes) undergoing cataract surgery by phacoemulsification were prospectively treated in our department (82% were outpatients). All intraoperative events were noted. The day after surgery, we monitored ocular tension, the anterior segment, and the fundus. Every change in the postoperative prescription compared with a standard prescription was noted., Results: Intraoperative complications occurred in eight cases. On D1, six patients had ocular hypertension that exceeded 24 mmHg, 14 had a corneal edema, six had corneal erosion, two had a Seidel, one had an anterior subluxation of the IOL, and one had retinal detachment. In 26 cases (24.5%), the prescription was changed compared to our standard prescription., Discussion: Several studies have shown that the day-after-surgery visit was not mandatory. The main objective of this visit is to check for ocular hypertension. More rarely, it can detect a Seidel in front of the wound, incorrect position of the IOL, retinal detachment, or other complications that may require surgery., Conclusion: The day-after-surgery visit remains necessary after phacoemulsification because complications, sometimes unpredictable, can occur and compromise the result of surgery. This visit also has an educational value (to reiterate to the patients the symptoms that would require an emergency visit)., (Copyright (c) 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

We report a case of corneal hydrops in a young patient with unremarkable ophthalmologic history or intercurrent identified pathology. Different etiologies of corneal hydrops are discussed.