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It was aimed to evaluate the effects of conventional surface treatment techniques and femtosecond (FS) laser on shear bond strength (SBS) between zirconia and resin cement. 84 zirconia blocks (2 × ...

Success of all-ceramic dental restorations depends on the cohesive strength of the strong ceramic core, the esthetic veneer and the bonding of their interface. Shear bond strength and failure modes...

This study aimed to investigate the effect of non-thermal plasma systems with and without two favorable surface treatment techniques on the surface roughness (Ra) and shear bond strength (SBS) of p...

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of surface treatment techniques on the shear bond strength (SBS) of Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and Polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) polymers to composit...

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of preprocedural mouthrinses used against COVID-19 on enamel/dentin shear bond strength (SBS) of a universal adhesive with different application str...

The objective of this study was to verify the influence of glaze application on the shear bond strength between Y-TZP and veneering ceramic. Thirty square-shaped blocks (12.5 × 15 × 1.5 mm) of sint...

The aim of this study was to compare, under varying conditions, the dentin shear bond strength (SBS) of three solvent-containing (acetone, ethanol, and water) self-etch adhesive with acetone-contai...

To evaluate the influence of different adhesion strategies and curing modes of a universal adhesive on shear bond strength (SBS) of a dual-cured core build-up resin composite to bovine dentin. In t...

Enhance the bonding of cement to ceramic surface with a variety of ceramic surface modifications have been established. Air-abrasion using alumina particles, hydrofluoric acid has been shown to pro...

The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the influence of different types of ceramics and surface treatment methods on the shear bonding strength(SBS). Three different CAD/CAM ceramics were di...

The adhesion between the resin composite and perforation repair materials critically influences the treatment outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different surface treat...

Desensitizing agents can inhibit the bonding strength between dentin and adhesive resin cement. This study evaluated the effects of different desensitizing agents on the shear bond strength of adhesive resin cement to dentin. Sixty freshly extracted and caries free teeth were classified into five experimental groups, randomly (n = 12). Each group was treated with a different desensitizing agent (Teethmate, Shield Force Plus, Admira Protect and Ultra-Ez) respectively, except for an untreated control group. After desensitizing agents and adhesive resin cement were applied to each dentin surface, all specimens were stored in incubator at 37 degrees C for 24 h. The shear bond strength was tested with a Universal testing machine at a 0.5 mm/min crosshead speed. Data were analysed by using a statistical software (SPSS 22). The results of the measurements were analysed by Kruskal Wallis test with Bonferroni correction and multiple comparisons were made by Wilcoxon test (p < .01). Specimens were examined by a scanning electron microscope, additionally. The Shield Force Plus showed significantly the highest shear bond strength compared with other groups (p < .01). Ultra-Ez showed the lowest shear bond strength (p > .01). There was no significant difference among Teethmate and Admira Protect groups (p > .01). Desensitizing agents containing resin monomers increased the bonding strength, however desensitizers containing calcium phosphate, potassium nitrate and fluoride did not effect the bonding strength of resin cement to dentin.

This study compared the effect of different adhesive systems and composite resins on the shear bond strength (SBS) of repaired high-viscosity bulk-fill composites(Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill) and inv...

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of dual-cure resin cement to promote the bonding between a veneering PEEK and zirconia or titanium surfaces.Materials and methods: The surf...

This study was to evaluate the effects of universal adhesive and innovative fabrication techniques of Cobalt-Chromium (Co-Cr) alloys on shear bond strength (SBS) between the repair material...

This study aimed to investigate the micro-shear bond strength (μSBS) of surface treated CAD-CAM materials to resin cement. The specimens obtained from IPS e.max CAD, Lava Ultimate, Cerasmart and Vi...

The purpose of this study was to examine the bond strength of three different universal adhesives on enamel after different aging periods. Ninety enamel specimens were prepared and randomly assigned into three groups according to different universal adhesive systems (n = 30): iBOND Universal (IB), G-Premio Bond (GP), Clearfil Universal Bond Quick (CU). All adhesives were applied at etch&rinse mode. A cylinder-shaped resin composite was placed on enamel surfaces and light cured. Then all specimens were stored in distilled water at 37 °C for 24 h and divided into 3 thermal cycling protocol groups (n = 10): No thermal cycling (NTC), 10,000 thermal cycles (10TC), 40,000 thermal cycles (40TC). Specimens were subjected to shear bond strength (SBS) test at a universal testing machine. Failure modes were determined and SEM analyses were performed for each failure mode. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD test. The highest SBS values were observed at NTC groups. The 40TC groups sho...

The study aimed to investigate the influence of surface treatments of Y-TZP on its topography and their impact on shear bond strength (SBS) of Y-TZP to veneering porcelain. Thirty-four zirconia cubes (Cercon) (10 × 10 × 10 mm3) were divided randomly into 3 groups (n = 11) according to the different surface treatments, Silica Coating (SC); Hot Solution Etching (HE); and Heat Treatment after porcelain glaze and powder application (GP). Porcelain application (IPs e.max) was performed after surface treatment using a standardized technique. Porcelain application (Ceramco-3) was also performed on 10 metal cubes (I BOND 2) as controls (MC). Specimens were subjected to thermocycling (5–55 °C, 20,000 cycles) followed by SBS testing in a universal testing machine. Surface topography was assessed by scanning electron microscopy and surface roughness (Image J). SC developed significantly higher SBS (42.10 ± 5.84 MPa) of Y-TZP to veneering ceramics compared to treatment by HE (24.0 ± 6.4 MPa), GP (23.30 ± 4.72...

To evaluate the effects of different hemostatic agents on the shear bond strength (SBS) in vitro and clinical bond failure rate of orthodontic metal brackets in vivo. A total of 100 human premolar teeth were randomly divided into five groups: control, blood, Viscostat, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and epinephrine. Teeth were bonded with same light-cured adhesive and composite. After storage in distilled water for 24 h, thermal cycling was used as an aging procedure on all samples. The brackets were subjected to an SBS test at a speed of 0.5 mm/min until bracket debonding. SBS values and the adhesive remnant index were evaluated. Ninety-nine patients (52 female, 47 males) undergoing routine orthodontic treatment were recruited for this controlled clinical study at bonding stages. All patients with bleeding on the buccal surface of any premolar tooth or teeth at bonding were included in this study. Over 6 months, the bond failure rate was calculated. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of varianc...

Purpose: Bleaching agents are claimed to impair the bonding to the tooth structure when resin composite restorations are immediately performed. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a neutralizing solution (10% sodium bicarbonate) or an antioxidant agent (10% sodium ascorbate) on the immediate or delayed (15 days) shear bond strength (SBS) of composite restorations performed on enamel. Seventy flat buccal enamel surfaces obtained from bovine incisors were divided into seven groups (n = 10): control group, unbleached enamel, restored (3M ESPE/Adper Single Bond 2/Filtek Z350XT) (G1); bleached, immediately restored (G2); bleached, delayed restoration (G3); bleached, antioxidant (sodium ascorbate), immediately restored (G4); bleached, antioxidant, delayed restoration (G5); bleached, neutralizing (sodium bicarbonate), immediate restoration (G6); bleached, neutralizing, delayed restoration (G7). Specimens were submitted to SBS test and examined after failure using scanning electron microscopy (SEM)...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength and the morphological differences of adhesive/dentin interface of two one-step universal adhesives to dentin using different dentin-conditioning methods with etch-and-rinse mode. Ninety-six dentin specimens were randomly divided into two groups based on application of two adhesives and assigned to three subgroups according to different dentin conditioning (wet-bonding; air-dried; rewetting). After etching and rinsing, experimental dentin conditioning was conducted on the etched dentin specimens. All specimens were subjected to shear bond strength testing using a universal testing machine, and all data were statistically analyzed using two- way analysis of variance with Tukey’s post hoc test. All debonded specimens were examined for fracture pattern by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Adjunctively, one specimen per group was prepared by the same processing and longitudinally sectioned. Then, the infiltration ability of adhesives i...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of a new repairing material including zirconia primer to zirconia and veneering porcelain after various surface treatments. A total of 60 specimens (30 zirconia-Zr and 30 feldspathic porcelain-Feld) were prepared and divided into 6 groups (n = 10). Two surface preparations (air abrasion-AA and Erbium Yag (Er-YAG) Laser-Las) were applied to the specimens. Zr and Feld specimens treated with a grinding bur according to manufacturer advice, were used as control (C). Repair material (Cimara Zircon, VOCO, Germany) was applied to the specimens 2 mm in height. The SBS was measured in a universal testing machine at 1 mm/min crosshead speed. The SBS data (MPa) were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD multiple comparison tests (α = 0.05). Significant effects of the material type (p = 0.005) and the surface treatment strategy (p = 0.000) were found. Interaction terms were also significant (p = 0.000). While the Zr-C (68,4 MPa) showed t...

To improve the biocompatibility and physical properties of bioadhesives for hard tissue, allyl 2-cyanoacrylate (AC) was pre-polymerized and mixed with bisphenol A glycidyl methacrylate (bis-GMA) and hydroxyapatite (HA). Various properties of pre-polymerized AC (PAC)/bis-GMA mixtures were measured, including compressive and shear bond strength, polymerization shrinkage, surface properties, and cytotoxicity (tested using L929 cells); enhanced physical properties and biocompatibility were observed. In particular, the optimal ratio for PAC/bis-GMA/HA was determined to be 90/9/1 wt%, as per the results of the above-mentioned measurements. Polymerization shrinkage of PAC/bis-GMA samples decreased with increasing bis-GMA content (by up to 15 times compared to PAC alone). Furthermore, biocompatibility and mechanical strength improved with increasing bis-GMA or HA content. Therefore, bioadhesives prepared with these PAC/bis-GMA/HA mixtures showed enhanced chemophysical properties compared to commercial bio...

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of Ivoclean as a ceramic cleansing agent, by assessing shear bond strength of pre-etched lithium disilicate (LD) ceramic to resin cement.Materials and Methods: Seventy LD discs (10 × 10 × 4 mm) were fabricated and etched using 5% hydrofluoric acid (HF) for 20 s. Ten specimens were not exposed to saliva and silicone disclosing medium (negative control). The other 60 specimens, divided into six groups (n = 10), were exposed to saliva for 20 s and silicone disclosing medium for 3 min. Following contamination, 10 specimens were not cleansed (positive control). The remaining five groups were exposed to one of the five different cleansing agents: 96% isopropanol, 37% phosphoric acid-30 s, 5% HF acid- 20 s, 5% HF acid- 120 s, and Ivoclean paste-20 s. All specimens were treated with primer and bonded to a self-curing resin cement. Before shear bond strength testing, all specimens were thermocycled (3000 cycles; 5–55°).Results: Contamination of pre-etched LD ceramic spe...

Purpose: This study evaluated and compared the effect of different ceramic primers on the shear bond strength of RMGIC to zirconia with and without air-particle abrasion. Material and Methods: 120 zirconia square specimens (5 mm × 5 mm × 2 mm) were fabricated. Half of the specimens were air-particle abraded (A) and the other half were left untreated (NA). Both groups were further divided into six subgroups (n = 10). Composite cylinders (2.9 mm × 3.0 mm) were fabricated and bonded to the zirconia samples with RMGIC (RelyX Plus) after different priming methods: no ceramic primer (group NS); Z-Prime (group ZP); Clearfil ceramic primer (group CP); cleaned with Ivoclean then Monobond plus (IV/MS); Monobond plus (group MS); and Rely X ceramic primer (group RX). Specimens were rinsed, stored in distilled water, and thermocycled (TC) for 10,000 cycles between 5 and 60 °C with a dwell time of 15s. Data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA and the Tukey–Kramer method test (a = .05). Results: air-particle abrasi...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic molar tubes bonded to amalgam restorations and enamel with four different area ratios, with and without the use of various metal primers. One hundred and fifty-six sound lower first molars were divided into five groups; control group (CG;n = 12) then divided into three subgroups: A, B, and C. Class V buccal amalgam restorations consisting of 25%(G1), 50%(G2), 75%(G3), and 100%(G4) of the basal areas of the molar tubes. Transbond XT Primer (TXTP;subgroup A), Alloy Primer (AP;subgroup B) and Reliance Metal Primer (RMP;subgroup C) (n = 12). Transbond XT was used as an adhesive material in all groups. Thermocycling was as 5 –55 °C, 1000 cycles. Data were analysed by one-way ANOVA and post hoc least significant difference tests (p

Objective: This study investigated the bond strength of two resin cements (Panavia F 2.0 and Multilink N) to different CAD/CAM materials: resin nanoceramic (RNC; Lava Ultimate), hybrid ceramic (HC; Vita Enamic), zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic (ZLDC; Vita Suprinity), and lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (LDG; IPS e.max CAD HT).Material and methods: CAD/CAM blocks of 2-mm thickness were sectioned with a slow-speed diamond-saw sectioning machine. The slabs were then embedded in autopolymerizing acrylic resin (n = 12), and resin cements were applied to the surface of the specimens. All specimens were stored in water for 24 h and subjected to 5000 thermal cycles. Bond strength was measured by means of the shear bond strength test. The data were statistically analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey LSD post hoc tests.Results: The results of the two-way ANOVA test indicated that the bond strength values varied significantly depending on the CAD/CAM restorative materials, resin cements, and inte...

Purpose: To investigate the influence of adhesive type and increment thickness on shear bond strength of flowable bulk-fill resin composites compared with a flowable conventional resin composite, in both sound and caries-affected dentine.Methods: Shear bond strength was tested in 100 extracted human molars with coronal dentine caries. Half of the teeth were restored with Adper™ Easy Bond and the other half with Adper™ Single Bond Plus. Bonded surfaces were restored with Filtek™ Ultimate Flow and two bulk-fill composites (SDR and X-tra base) (n = 10 teeth for each subgroup). Restorations of 4 mm were performed with incremental or bulk-fill technique. The shear bond was determined and statistically analysed using three-way ANOVA and Bonferroni multiple comparison post hoc tests (p ≤ 0.05). Dentine–resin interfaces were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy.Results: For both adhesives, the highest shear bond strength values were obtained for sound dentine. In sound dentine, the highest bond stren...

To investigate the effects of Nd:YAG laser and 17% EDTA treatment on root-dentin mineral content using scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) and on shear-bond strength of epoxy-resin-based sealer (AH Plus) to root dentin. Twelve extracted premolars were decoronated and roots were sectioned, so that 24 two-root halves were obtained. Element levels of each half were examined by SEM/EDX, and AH Plus build-ups were created. After shear-testing, the test surfaces were reground and subjected to a 5.25% NaOCl. Two subgroups were created according to the surface treatment (n=12): G1, with 17% EDTA for 5min; G2, with the Nd:YAG laser. The element level analysis and shear-bond strength test were repeated for each half; the data were recorded (MPa) and analyzed (paired samples t-test). The EDTA treatment increased the O, C, Ca/P ratio (p0.05). The Nd:YAG laser increased O, Ca/P ratio (p0.05). Both 17% EDTA and Nd:YAG laser had an effect on the mineral content of roots. The 17% EDTA treatment decreased the shear-bond strength of AH Plus to root dentin (p=0.000); however, the Nd:YAG laser did not affect the bond strength (p=0.238). Thus, an Nd:YAG laser can be used for disinfection of the root canal when AH Plus is used as a sealer.

Purpose: To compare the shear bond strengths of six different porcelain laminate veneer (PLV) materials cemented to enamel with two different MDP-containing resin cements. Materials and methods: Totally 120 disc specimens were fabricated with In-Ceram alumina (ICA), Turkom-CeraTM (TCR), IPS Empress (IPS), IPS Empress-II (IPS2), Finesse (FNS), and Ceramco-3 (CER) ceramic systems (n = 20). Sixty specimens were cemented with self-adhesive resin cement (Clearfil SA), and 60 specimens were cemented with self-etch resin cement (Panavia F2.0) to enamel. Thus, 120 PLV–enamel specimens were assigned to 12 experimental groups (ICA/Pv, ICA/Cf, TCR/Pv, TCR/Cf, IPS/Pv, IPS/Cf, IPS2/Pv, IPS2/Cf, CER/Pv, CER/Cf). Shear force was applied on PLV–enamel interfaces until failure. Obtained data were statistically analyzed with ANOVA and t-tests. Results: Obtained shear bond strength values (SBSV) ranged as follows, respectively; TCR/Cf (7.70 MPa), FNS/Cf (7.57 MPa), TCR/Pv (6.91 MPa), ICA/Pv (5.05 MPa), CER/Pv (4.75 MPa), IP...

Objective: To evaluate the effect of adhesive application on the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic tubes to acid-etched human enamel using different temperatures and orthodontic composite resins. Methods: One hundred and twenty metal tubes were bonded to human third molars, which were randomly divided into three groups depending on the composite used: Transbond XT (XT); Transbond Supreme LV (LV); and Light Bond (LB). Each group was divided into four subgroups depending on the temperature (5°, 20°, 40°, and 60°) applied to the composite before cementing. For each experimental subgroup, half the specimens were bonded in combination with XT Primer. After 72 h, a SBS test was performed using a universal testing machine. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA, post hoc intergroup comparisons, chi-square test, and linear regression. Two representative molar surfaces from each subgroup were assessed under Scanning electron microscope. Results: The composite type only influenced XT regarding LB. Th...

The purpose of this study was to determine the surface energy parameters of dental self-adhesive resin cements (SRCs) and to measure their bond strength to dentin. Six dental SRCs (RelyX Unicem Clicker, RU; Maxcem Elite, ME; BisCem, BC; Clearfil SA Luting, SA; Multilink Speed, MS; seT PP, SP) and one resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RelyX Luting 2, RL; control) were tested. Smear layer-covered bovine dentin was used as bonding substrate. Using the dynamic sessile drop method, surface energy, surface energy components, degree of hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity (expressed as ΔG sws using thermodynamic notation), and apparent surface energies for each material were calculated. The luting cements were bonded to the dentin and stored in water at 37 °C for 24 h prior to shear bond strength test (n = 10). Pearson correlation analysis was applied to detect possible correlations between surface energy parameters and measured shear bond strength (α = 0.05). RU, SA, and MS produced negative ΔG sws values (hydropho...

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of adhesive application on the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic tubes to acid-etched human enamel when using different flowable composite resins and the APC Plus system (APC). Study design: One hundred metal tubes were bonded to human third molars, which were randomly divided into five groups: Tetric EvoFlow (TF); Wave mv Flow (W); Transbond Supreme LV (S); Transbond XT (XT); and APC. For each experimental group, half of the specimens were bonded in combination with Transbond XT adhesive. After 72 h, an SBS test was performed using a universal testing machine. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was run for multiple comparison tests and for comparing the mean SBS among the 10 subgroups to evaluate the effect of both the composite and the adhesive factors. Then, a Student-Newman-Keuls test was used for pairwise comparisons using the highest mean SBS group as reference. Adhesive Remnant Index scores were determined for the teeth after failure and compared by χ 2-t...

In fixed prosthodontics, fracture of the porcelain veneer is not an uncommon problem under clinical conditions due to, e.g., malfunction, trauma or technical failures. To avoid time-consuming and cost-intensive renewal of the entire restoration, repair of the chipped veneer is desirable. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the shear bond strengths of five intraoral porcelain repair kits based on different chemical bonding systems. 45 metal plates veneered with feldspathic porcelain were fabricated. The surface treatment was performed using five porcelain repair systems based on tribochemical silica coating (Cojet), mechanical roughening (Silistor, Cimara, Ceramic Repair) or etching (Clearfil Repair) followed by application of silane coupling agents (five specimens each). Cylinders of composite resin of Charisma and Pertac Hybrid were bonded using Cojet, Silistor, Cimara and Ceramic Repair, and of Clearfil AP-X with Clearfil Repair onto the porcelain specimens. After thermocycling (5000 cycles, ...