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This study was conducted to determine the fumigant effects of the essential oil from Ruta graveolens L. flowers and leaves against Khapra beetle [Trogoderma granarium (Coleoptera: Dermestidae)] larvae and adults. Cultivation of stock cultures and experiments were carried out under 35±2 °C temperature and 16 hours light 8 hours dark photoperiod conditions in 3 replicates with in each repetition. In the studies, 10 pieces of wheat and 10 pieces of T. granarium larvae or adults were put in 10 ml glass tubes. Different 5 concentrations (1.5, 3.5, 6.5, 9.2 and 12.0 µl/ml) of R. graveolens essential oil were used 10 µl for each tube. Results evaluated by considering the number of live and dead individuals at the end of 24, 48 and 72 hours. According to the results obtained from fumigant effect tests against T. granarium larvae and adults; it has been determined that the toxicity varies depending on the application dose and the application time of the plant essential oil and it has an effect of 100% on the larvae of the pest at the end of the 72 hour, and the maximum effect in adult individuals is 28.57% at a concentration of 3.5 µl/ml. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of some foliar fertilizers on pests and natural enemies during the 2007 and 2008 cotton-growing seasons in Aydin. Five foliar fertilizers were applied at recommended doses and periods. Result revealed that population of Empoasca spp. and Bemisia tabaci Genn. in Nutrigold Plus and Taris ZF, Frankliniella spp. in Nutrigold Zinc, Vitacal, Codex Zinc and Nutrigold Plus, Liriomyza trifolii Burgess were higher in Nutrigold Zinc, Taris ZF and Nutrigold Plus and statistically important. The population of Tetranychus spp. was the same amount in the treatments. Population of Aranea in Nutrigold Zinc and Taris ZF, Coleoptera in Vitacal, Hemiptera in Nutrigold Plus and Neuroptera in Nutrigold Plus were higher and statistically important.The foliar fertilizers did not negatively or positively affect the population dynamics of some cotton pests and natural enemies. It was thought that the differences on the population's amount in the experiments were related to relationships of between pests and natural enemies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]