1. Robust Matrix Effect-Free Method for Simultaneous Determination of Legacy and Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Crop and Soil Matrices
- Author
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Rongliang Qiu, Yun Liu, Can Zhou, Xiongfei Huang, Hang Yu, Shizhong Wang, Yuya Dai, Qingqi Lin, Jean Louis Morel, Chen Lei, School of Environmental Science and Engineering [Guangzhou] (SESE), Sun Yat-Sen University [Guangzhou] (SYSU), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Remediation, Laboratoire Sols et Environnement (LSE), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University (SCAU)-South China Agricultural University (SCAU), and National Key R&D Program of China 2019YFC18039002018YFD0800700National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)4170309841671313Guangdong Provincial Key RD Program 2019B110207002Ministry of Education, China - 111 ProjectB18060China Postdoctoral Science Foundation2017M622868Sun Yat-sen University Universite de Lorraine
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Pollution ,[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences ,Crops, Agricultural ,Analyte ,Soil test ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Food Contamination ,Mass spectrometry ,01 natural sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Soil ,Tandem Mass Spectrometry ,Soil Pollutants ,Ultrasonics ,soils ,matrix effect ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,media_common ,Detection limit ,Fluorocarbons ,Chromatography ,solid-phase extraction cleanup ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Extraction (chemistry) ,Solid Phase Extraction ,General Chemistry ,crops ,6. Clean water ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry ,13. Climate action ,UPLC-MS/MS ,Soil water ,emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) ,Perfluorooctanoic acid ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Environmental Monitoring - Abstract
International audience; Increasing use of emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) has caused extensive concerns around the world. Effective detection methods to trace their pollution characteristics and environmental behaviors in complex soil-crop systems are urgently needed. In this study, a reliable and matrix effect (ME)-free method was developed for simultaneous determination of 14 legacy and emerging PFASs, including perfluorooctanoic acid, perfluorooctane sulfonate, 6 hydrogenous PFASs, 3 chlorinated PFASs, and 3 hexafluoropropylene oxide homologues, in 6 crop (the edible parts) and 5 soil matrices using ultrasonic extraction combined with solid-phase extraction and ultraperformance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (MS)/MS. The varieties of extractants and cleanup cartridges, the dosage of ammonia hydroxide, and the ME were studied to obtain an optimal pretreatment procedure. The developed method had high sensitivity and accuracy with satisfactory method detection limits (2.40-83.03 pg/g dry weight) and recoveries (72-117%) of all target analytes in matrices at five concentrations, that is, 0.1, 1, 10, 100, and 1000 ng/g. In addition, the ME of this method (0.82-1.15) was negligible for all PFASs, even considering 11 different matrices. The successful application of the ME-free method to simultaneously determine the legacy and emerging PFASs in crop and soil samples has demonstrated its excellent practicability for monitoring emerging PFASs in soil-crop systems.
- Published
- 2020
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