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With the proposal of“dual carbon”goals, China′ s construction of an ecological civilization has entered a new stage with the focus on reducing carbon. The eastern grassland area of the eastern Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region plays an important role in ensuring national energy security, ecological security, and achieving the goal of“carbon neutrality”as scheduled. However, the ecological environment in this area is characterized by extreme cold, semi-arid conditions, and a scarcity of topsoil. Furthermore, the ecological environment problems caused by mineral resources exploitation seriously restrict the sustainable development of regional energy and ecological security. Therefore, it is necessary to perform research on ecological restoration of mines in the grassland area in eastern Inner Mongolia. This paper reviews the research process of mine ecological restoration at home and abroad, summarizes the existing research on mine ecological restoration and the advanced technologies of mine ecological restoration in the grassland area of eastern Inner Mongolia, and analyzes the path and mode of mine ecological restoration in the grassland area under the background of carbon neutrality. This paper preliminarily clarifies the existing problems and deficiencies in the research of mine ecological restoration in the eastern grassland area of Inner Mongolia and considers the prospects of future research trends, with the goal of providing reference for future generations to study the ecological restoration of mines in these grasslands and similar areas both at home and abroad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Promoting rural environmental planning is an important measure to optimize the allocation of spatial resources, balance economic development and ecological protection, and realize the green transformation of agriculture and rural areas. It is a specific starting point to address the current problems that are hindering increasing farmers′ income, and agricultural development and rural stability, in order to realize the coordinated development of living, ecological, and agricultural environments. It is also an inevitable requirement for realizing the rural revitalization strategy and promoting the green and sustainable development of agriculture and rural areas. At present, rural development is subject to the drawbacks of the development of China ′ s urban-rural dual structure, in which long-term industrialization and urbanization have given rise to a series of significant problems, including rural aging, pollution, and emptying, and have become key bottlenecks to green sustainable development. Therefore, in order to achieve the necessary planning requirements, this paper deconstructs all elements of the current rural environmental planning process as a systematic overall plan, defines the development orientation and objectives of the current policy system, elucidates the basic connotation of rural environmental planning, and proposes a theoretical system of rural environmental planning, which includes agricultural, human settlement, and ecological environments. In the context of rural environmental planning alongside green development, our analysis identified problems and shortcomings in current practices, including a lack of connection between different types of rural environmental planning, a lack of scientific and technological innovation, and a lack of understanding with regards to new development concepts. To address these issues, problem-oriented corresponding solutions and management approaches are put forward to provide theoretical and policy support for the better construction of rural ecological environments and the realization of rural green development goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of green agricultural development is an important basis for guiding agricultural transformation and upgrades with advances in China. Since its proposal, this concept has received extensive attention from researchers and the number of papers published on it has increased rapidly. We examined research papers related to green agricultural development published since 2016 and used a bibliometric method to comprehensively and systematically analyze research hotspots in green agricultural development. The hot topics for research in this field include：theory, policy mechanisms, evaluation, controlling agricultural non-point pollution sources, and the experience of developed countries. We propose future research directions based on an in-depth analysis of various hot research topics. These results provide a scientific reference for further studies of green agricultural development in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eco-agriculture focuses on the green development of agriculture and it is an essential part of agricultural development in China and worldwide. As part of the first batch of national eco-agriculture construction pilot counties and one of the China Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems（China-NIAHS）sites，Deqing County occupies a vital position in the practice of eco-agriculture in China. Thus, this paper traces the basic history of eco-agricultural practices and summarizes the current typical models of eco-agricultural development in Deqing County. In addition, this paper analyses the core connotations and primary values of the typical models of ecoagriculture in this county. The typical models include the“pearl mussel-fish-grain-mulberry-livestock”complex system, rice field ecological planting and breeding models, aquaponics, and agritourism. Additionally, this paper makes targeted suggestions to promote the sustainable development of eco-agriculture in Deqing County based on current problems and challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agriculture is directly related to food security, which is highly dependent on and significantly impacts resources and the environment. Sustainable agriculture development is key to achieving the sustainable development goals. Frontiers, hot topics, and trends of sustainable agriculture development were summarized for scientific research and decision-making by CiteSpace based on 1 174 papers published in the Web of Science and 1 043 papers published in China National Knowledge Infrastructure from 2000 to 2019. Results showed that the frontiers were mainly focused on“food system resilience and food security”,“ecological intensification and sustainable intensification”,“agricultural muti-functionality and urban agriculture”, and“trade-offs and synergies of ecosystem services in agroecosystem”. Hotspots included how climate change impacts agricultural systems and its adaptive management, ecosystem services management in agro-ecosystems, and the environmental impact assessment of agricultural activities and integrated sustainability assessment of an agricultural system. It is suggested that the coupling mechanism of the“climate-land-water-energy-food”nexus should be further analyzed, and“influencing factors-action mechanisms-regulation methods”of agro-ecosystem should be systematically studied in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

：In order to study the hotspots and trends in the cultural services offered by terraced ecosystems in China, 1 403 pieces of relevant literature published in the CNKI database from 2001 to 2020 were examined using CiteSpace software. They acted as research objects to discuss the research status, progress, and hotspots in this field. The results show that the overall number of papers presented a fluctuating upward trend, involving multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary research concerning emerging engineering education and new liberal arts. The evolution of research hotspots had three stages, characteristic of slow development, rapid development, and improvement and optimal development. These are closely related to national policies and discipline development. The discussion of important research topics, such as cultural diversity of terraced fields, management and application of terraced field cultural services, and value evaluation are discussed in depth. The research trend shifted from early rice-farming culture and terraces culture to the cultural service system of terrace ecosystems for sustainable development and rural revitalization. Overall, more efforts should be made regarding the sustainable management of terraces. Reviewing and organizing the research progress and core issues is recommended to provide reference and guidance for research on the cultural services of terraced cultural ecosystems and the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

：Household air pollution（HAP）from the indoor burning of solid fuels, such as coal and biomass fuels, directly affects human health. Global exposure to HAP is estimated to cause millions of premature deaths. To better understand the research progress and hotspots of HAP studies, a bibliometric analysis was carried out using CiteSpace and papers searched from the Web of Science Core Collection. The number of publications per year, publication journals, and keywords was analyzed. The results showed that the number of publications in this field is growing exponentially, indicating that this issue is receiving more interest. These studies are mostly published in international journals such as Indoor Air, Science of the Total Environment, and Energy for Sustainable Development, with research teams from countries such as the United States and China. Clean energy, improved cookstoves, black carbon, and PM2.5 are the most widely mentioned keywords. Health outcomes of HAP exposure, clean intervention, and co-benefits in health and climate are important foci. It is suggested that sequential studies should be conducted on pollution characterization, exposure, and health risk assessment to protect human health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China′ s agriculture needs to feed 1.4 billion people and excessive fertilizer use has caused agricultural non-point source pollution. It is urgent to control agricultural non-point source pollution while ensuring food security. In this paper, we reviewed the development of agricultural productivity and productive relations in China since 1949. Smallholders face problems of the overuse of fertilizer, labor aging and hollow villages in China. Appropriate large-scale farming could alleviate these problems and lead to green development. Urbanization could promote large-scale farming in China and rebuilding the linkage between livestock and cropland is also needed. Where there is not suitable for large-scale farming, extension of industrial chain could revitalize agriculture via the integration of different industries. In the future, government and market should work together to guide rural-to-urban immigration to promote large-scale farming, encourage alternative farming models and finally promote agricultural modernization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agricultural eco-efficiency is an important index to measure the sustainable development of agriculture. Scientific evaluation of agricultural eco-efficiency is necessary to accurately assess the true level of agricultural ecosystems, so as to achieve efficient utilization of agricultural resources. In this paper, the super-efficiency SBM-DEA model was adopted to measure and group the agricultural ecoefficiency of 31 provinces in Chinese inland from 2000 to 2017. The results showed that the provinces in the high-efficiency group were located in the eastern and western region, while the provinces in the middle and low efficiency groups were located in the northeast and central regions and parts of the western region. In 2017, only Qinghai, Ningxia, and Tianjin had insufficient agricultural output. The remaining areas that did not achieve DEA efficiency all had different degrees of redundancy of input and excessive carbon and pollution emissions. The spatial difference of China′s agricultural eco-efficiency was obvious, and the trend of development changes was different. The main reasons for the efficiency loss were the redundancies of inputs and the excessive undesired output. Therefore, each province should take appropriate measures to improve the agricultural eco-efficiency according to its actual situation and the specific causes for efficiency loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Preventing environmental pollution from the source is an important way to establish a green development mode in China. Promoting the development of organic agriculture is an important way for the green transformation of agricultural production methods and the coordinated development of ecological environment protection. From the perspective of ecological environment protection, this paper first divides the work carried out by China′s environmental protection departments in promoting organic food development and organic product base construction (1994--2019) into three stages according to the level of development, function, and policy situation. Secondly, it summarizes the comprehensive benefits of constructing organic product bases in the prevention and control of nonpoint source pollution, farmland biodiversity conservation, ecological poverty alleviation, and ecological product supply. Finally, countermeasures for the development of organic agriculture and the construction of organic product bases for the development of the ecological economy, prevention and control of nonpoint source pollution, promotion of rural ecological environment supervision, and ecological poverty alleviation are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of China today, the process of beautiful countryside construction mainly imitates the patterns of‘urbanization'construction. However, this approach leads to the loss of countryside characteristics and the separation of agricultural culture. Therefore, it's urgent to carry out research of the theoretical framework and model design for beautiful countryside construction. In this paper, based on the analysis of the beautiful countryside construction connotation, the basic theory of beautiful countryside construction was summarized in three aspects: rural complex ecosystem model, multi-functionality of rural model and sustainable development evaluation model. The basic idea of the beautiful countryside construction mode was studied. The design method of beautiful countryside construction mode was proposed in three levels: planning, scheming and evaluating. The research results might offer scientific reference for improving the scientific and operational nature of beautiful countryside construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]