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Zr 50 Cu 34- x Fe x Al 8 Ag 8 (x = 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8) alloy bars of different diameters were prepared by copper mold suction casting and copper mold casting. The compressive mechanical properties of metallic glass samples with different Fe contents were determined by a universal testing machine. The microstructure and thermodynamics of the alloy samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. According to the experimental results, Fe doping had a significant effect on the glass-forming ability, stability, and mechanical properties of these metallic glasses. The maximum diameter of the Zr 50 Cu 32 Fe 2 Al 8 Ag 8 metallic glass bar was 15 mm, and the cooling rate of the alloy sample was 7.7 K/s. The addition of Fe inhibited the formation of stable crystalline phases inside the alloy sample and improved the glass-forming ability of the metallic glass. With the addition of Fe, the DSC curve of the alloy sample moved to higher temperatures, and the characteristic temperatures and the stability of the metallic glass increased. The fracture strength (σ max) and ultimate strain (ε f) of the metallic glass samples reached their maximum values of 1917.6 MPa and 3.97 %, respectively, for Zr 50 Cu 30 Fe 4 Al 8 Ag 8. Compared with the Fe-free Zr 50 Cu 34 Al 8 Ag 8 metallic glass, σ max and ε f increased by 51.4 MPa and 1.19 %, respectively. With the addition of Fe, the change in the distribution and content of free volume inside the metallic glass sample is the main reason for the improvement of its mechanical properties. This study shows that trace element doping has an important effect on the properties of metallic glasses. [Display omitted] • Trace element doping significantly improves the properties of alloys. • The addition of Fe improves the glass-forming ability of metallic glasses. • Fe doping improves the mechanical properties of metallic glasses. • Distribution and content of free volume affect the deformation of alloys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Concentration gradient material is successfully synthesized detected by line scan. • XRD tests show that the samples doped with Mn have better layered structure. • TEM images show that the samples doped with Mn have more obvious lattice fringes. • After 200 cycles at 1 C, the capacity retention rate of G-LNM91 remains 87.5%. The cathodes of LiNiO 2 (LNO), Li[Ni 0.9 Mn 0.1 ]O 2 (LNM91) and the concentration gradient material Li[Ni 0.9 Mn 0.1 ]O 2 (G-LNM91) were synthesized by co-precipitation method, and SEM, XRD, TEM and electrochemical tests were performed. SEM images show that the primary needle-like particles on spherical surface of the gradient G-LNM91 are the densest. The results of EDX linear scan show that for gradient precursor G-NM91, the relative atomic content of Ni element gradually decreases from 98.21% at the center of the particle to 80.66% at the cross surface of the particle (the content of Mn from 1.79% gradually increases to 19.34%). For the final product G-LNM91, the relative atomic content of Ni element in the center decreases to 94.07%, and at the edge increases to 85.17%. XRD tests indicate that the samples doped with Mn have good layered structure. TEM images show that the lattice fringes of the samples doped with Mn are more obvious. The results of Electrochemical performance tests show that manganese substitution has a significant effect on improving the cycle performance of LiNiO 2 , and G-LNM91 has the best cycle performance. Under a voltage range of 2.75–4.3 V, the initial discharge capacity of G-LNM91 cathode material at 0.1 C is 200 mA h/g. After 200 cycles at 1 C, the capacity retention rate remains around 87.5%. The initial discharge capacity of LNM91 is 180 mA h/g and the retention rate is 78.5%; the capacity retention rate of LiNiO 2 is only 55.2%, even though the initial specific discharge capacity is 207 mA h/g. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The Au@mSiO 2 YSNs was synthesized by a facile one-pot method. • The synthesis of Au@mSiO 2 YSNs was a one-step synthesis of Au@mSiO 2 CSNs combined with organosilane-assisted etching process. • Au@mSiO 2 YSNs exhibited superior catalytic activity than that of Au@mSiO 2 CSNs in redox reaction of p-nitrophenol. • The evolution from Au@mSiO 2 CSNs to Au@mSiO 2 YSNs showed the enhanced SERS effect. The yolk-shell nanoparticles (YSNs) are promising functional nanomaterials for a variety of applications such as bio-medicine, catalysis, sensor, lithium battery and detection due to their unique structures and excellent properties. In the past few decades, the synthesis of YSNs generally requires multiple steps to complete, and the process is relatively tedious and complicated. Here, Au@mSiO 2 YSNs with good dispersibility were successfully synthesized by a facile one-pot process. The Au core with average diameter of 22 nm can move freely in the cavity and the silica shell with a thickness of 15 nm can effectively prevent Au particle aggregation. The method is a one-pot one-step synthesis of Au@mSiO 2 core-shell nanoparticles (CSNs) combined with an organosilicon-assisted etching process. Thanks to the unique properties of Au@mSiO 2 YSNs, such as low density and large surface area, we have conducted a series of studies on its properties. The redox reaction of p-nitrophenol (4-NP) was monitored by UV–vis absorption spectrum to investigate the catalytic performance of Au@mSiO 2 YSNs. The surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect of Au@mSiO 2 YSNS was studied using p-aminophenol (PATP) as probe molecule. The results show that Au@mSiO 2 YSNs have higher catalytic activity and stronger SERS effect than that of Au@mSiO 2 CSNs. The Au@mSiO 2 YSNs will have great application prospects in catalysis, biosensing and detection, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells has surpassed that of silicon single-junction solar cells recently. Industrial textured crystalline silicon heterojunction solar cells are considered as competitive candidate bottom cells because of their high efficiency and simple process flow. Meanwhile, the front transparent conductive window layers with industrial compatibility and low processing temperature are worth investigating in detail. In this work, zinc-doped indium oxide (IZO) thin films achieved by room-temperature sputtering are studied as a function of sputtering powers. The IZO thin film with the resistivity and electron mobility of 7.2 × 10−4 Ω cm and 40.03 cm2/Vs are obtained under 85 W, which is implemented into the monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. A PCE of 19.38% is realized based on the industrial textured silicon heterojunction bottom solar cell and optimized IZO films. • Industrial textured SHJ solar cells was used as the bottom cell of the PSSCs. • Optimal sputtering power of 85 W was obtained for the IZO films with the best FOM. • 60 nm IZO facilitates a higher short circuit current and a better current match between the sub-cells. • 1 cm2 two-terminal PSSC with PCE of 19.38% were demonstrated without additional anti-reflection layers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

● PLZST: x SnO 2 composite ceramics were prepared by solid state reaction. ● The composite structure had significant effects on microstructures and electrical properties. ● The optimal composition of x = 0.2 showed high energy storage density of 2.38 J/cm3. Constructing composite structure is an effective way to improve dielectric energy storage properties. However, ionic diffusion between composite members is generally inevitable, which mixes the effects of solid solution with composite structure on property to some extent. To exclude the ionic diffusion effect as much as possible, antiferroelectric (Pb 0.97 La 0.02)(Zr 0.5 Sn 0.4 Ti 0.1)O 3 (PLZST) was sintered at a relatively high temperature to precipitate SnO 2 particles, then more SnO 2 were introduced to from (1- x)PLZST: x SnO 2 (x = 0–0.25) composite. The results showed that composite structure had significant effects on microstructures and properties with changed lattice parameter, decreased grain size, increased Curie temperature, suppressed antiferroelectric property, and enhanced electric breakdown strength. The optimal composition of x = 0.2 showed high energy storage density of 2.38 J/cm3. This work provides a robust platform to investigate the effect of composite microstructure on electrical properties, which is helpful for further developing high performance composite materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]