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Electrocatalytic decomposition of water using bifunctional catalysts is a potential method for clean hydrogen energy production. In order to solve the weakness of present catalysts, this study rationally designed a novel iron-nickel bifunctional electrocatalyst of Fe x Ni 1−x @C, P composites prepared by pyrolysis and phosphorus doping of a FeNi-bimetal-organic framework (FeNi-MOF). The innovative combination of FeNi bimetallic co-doping, low-temperature curing and phosphating has bred an excellent electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline solution. When the mass ratio of phosphate to Fe x Ni 1−x @C 250–800 was 10:1, Fe x Ni 1−x @C 250–800 , P (10:1) showed the highest hydrogen evolution activity, obtaining a low 189 mV hydrogen evolution overpotential with a Tafel slope of 91.9 mV·dec−1 at 10 mA·cm−2 current density. Meanwhile, Fe x Ni 1−x @C 250–800 , P exhibited good stability during HER process. This work would open up a novel pathway for designing efficient and stable bifunctional electrocatalysts for water electrolysis as well as sustainable chemistry applications. • A novel electrocatalyst of P-doped carbon-supported FeNi alloys (Fe x Ni 1−x @C, P) was first designed for HER. • Fe x Ni 1−x @C, P has bred an excellent electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline media. • P-doped carbon-supported FeNi alloys offer numerous effective active sites and accelerate electrons transfer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a novel type of proton conductor, BaHfO 3 -based proton conductor has a promising application potential, but its poor sinterability and low conductivity limit its application as hydrogen separation membrane materials. In this paper, In and Sn co-doping BaHfO 3 strategy was adopted to further optimize its sinterability and electrical conductivity. BaHf 0.9−x In x Sn 0.1 O 3−δ (x = 0.05–0.25) proton conductors were prepared by high temperature solid state method. The results of X-ray diffraction show that In3+ and Sn4+ have been successfully doped into the lattice to form a cubic perovskite structure. BaHf 0.7 In 0.2 Sn 0.1 O 3−δ (BHSI) was facilely sintered and reached a relative density above 96.25% at 1600 °C. The scanning electron microscope observation shows that the introduction of In3+ and Sn4+ can effectively improve the sinterability and increase the grain size of the sample. High relative density and big grain size allow reducing the volume fraction of grain boundaries and increasing the electrical conductivity of BHSI. The total conductivity of BHSI in wet air reaches 5.69 × 10−3 S cm−1 at 700 °C. In addition, BHSI also shows excellent chemical stability in pure H 2 and CO 2 , 200 ppm H 2 S and water steam, and boiling water. The obtained BHSI membranes were evaluated for hydrogen separation under a mode-pure protonic conductor with external short circuit. The hydrogen separation performance of BHSI membrane was tested systematically. Gas humidification on the feed side and sweep side can obviously increase the hydrogen permeation fluxes. BHSI membrane still maintains a stable hydrogen permeation performance, even 3% CO 2 and 100 ppm H 2 S was introduced into the feed gas, respectively. • The sinterability of barium hafnate-based proton conductors is improved by In and Sn co-doping. • BaHf 0.7 In 0.2 Sn 0.1 O 3−δ exhibits the improved conductivity due to decreasing bulk and grain boundary resistances. • The BaHf 0.7 In 0.2 Sn 0.1 O 3−δ membrane shows high performance for hydrogen separation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]