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This paper reports on successful preparation of α-NaYF 4 single crystals co-doped with ∼1.9 mol% Tm 3+ and various concentrations (3.85 mol%, 7.69 mol%, 11.54 mol%, 15.38 mol%) of Yb 3+ by using a flux-Bridgman method. The fluorescence decay curve was measured to investigate the luminescent properties of the Yb 3+ /Tm 3+ co-doped α-NaYF 4 , and the energy transfer process from Yb 3+ to Tm 3+ ; the J-O intensity parameters of Tm 3+ were further calculated and analyzed according to the absorption spectra. Results show that, an intense 1.8 μm emission was achieved with Yb 3+ as sensitizer for Tm 3+ in the α-NaYF 4 single crystal under the excitation of 980 nm LD (Laser Diode) because of the strong energy transfer from Yb 3+ to Tm 3+ . The maximum emission intensity at 1.8 μm is obtained at about 15.38 mol% doping concentration of Yb 3+ when the concentration of Tm 3+ ions is fixed at ∼1.90 mol% in the current research. Moreover, the calculated maximum value of emission cross section at 1.8 μm is 1.63 × 10 −20 cm 2 for 3.85 mol% Yb 3+ /1.9 mol% Tm 3+ sample, and the obtained energy transfer rate ( W ET ) and energy transfer efficiency ( η ) are 1543 s −1 and 83.8%, respectively. Our analysis of the fluorescence dynamics indicates that electric dipole-dipole interaction is dominant for the energy transfer from Yb 3+ ions to Tm 3+ ions by using Inokuti-Hirayama’s model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Na 5 Lu 9 F 32 single crystals co-doped with various Er 3+ /Yb 3+ concentrations were grown by an improved Bridgman method for the first time. The crystal structure is characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD). High transmission in the range from 400 nm to 7150 nm and maximum phonon energy about 441 cm −1 for the Na 5 Lu 9 F 32 single crystals are obtained from the measured transmission and Raman spectra, respectively. The Judd-Ofelt parameters of Er 3+ in the obtained crystal was calculated and discussed according to the measured absorption spectra. Compared with the Er 3+ single-doped Na 5 Lu 9 F 32 crystal, an obviously enhanced emission band at 1500 nm was observed upon excitation of 980 nm laser diode (LD) via energy transfer from Yb 3+ to Er 3+ . Decay curve fitting using a Inokuti-Hirayama expression indicates dipole-dipole energy transfer from Yb 3+ to Er 3+ .The maximum emission cross section at ∼1.5 μm was also calculated to be 10.12 × 10 −20 cm 2 for the Na 5 Lu 9 F 32 single crystal of 1% Er 3+ and 6% Yb 3+ in molar fraction doping concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]