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The hybrid nanocrystals of cadmium sulfide (CdS) and bismuth tungstate (Bi 2 WO 6) (CdS@Bi 2 WO 6) were well-prepared in the nanoreactors of Bi 2 WO 6 -contained sodium polyacrylate (PAANa) latex particles, by means of cadmium sulfate/sodium sulfide (CdSO 4 /Na 2 S) solutions absorption and solvothermal treatment. The influences of CdSO 4 /Na 2 S millimolar ratio on structure and photocatalytic performance of hybrid nanocrystals were investigated. With 3:1 of Cd2+/S2- millimolar ratio in feeding, CdS nanorods on the surface of Bi 2 WO 6 cluster were obtained and its length increased after solvothermal treating; the resultant CdS@Bi 2 WO 6 degraded 96.1% of RhB after illuminating for 120 min, which was more effective than others. With the 1:2 or 1:3 of Cd2+/S2- millimolar ratio, the solvothermal treated cubic-CdS were agglomerated to cluster which attached on the surface of Bi 2 WO 6 cluster, and the agglomerates size increased accordingly. The photocatalytic mechanism suggests that the superoxide ions and holes were the active species produced by CdS@Bi 2 WO 6 in the photocatalytic process. The grown CdS nanorods on the surface of Bi 2 WO 6 had better charge separation ability than the grown CdS clusters on the surface of Bi 2 WO 6. The CdS@Bi 2 WO 6 hybrid nanocrystal with the definite-designed structure will possess the excellent photocatalytic performance. • CdS@Bi 2 WO 6 are prepared in PAANa nanoreactor. • Absorption process influences on CdS@Bi 2 WO 6 structure. • CdS nanorods is on the surface of Bi 2 WO 6 cluster. • CdS@Bi 2 WO 6 degrades 96.1% of RhB. • Combined process provides an innovating photocatalyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The layer-like RE 11 Ni 4 In 9 (RE = Gd, Dy and Ho) intermetallic compounds were successfully fabricated and systematically investigated concerning crystal structure, magnetic phase transitions and magnetocaloric effect (MCE). The RE 11 Ni 4 In 9 compounds crystallize in layer-like orthorhombic crystal structure (Cmmm space group) which is composed of CsCl-type and AlB 2 -type units with the ratio of 9 : 2. The RE 11 Ni 4 In 9 compounds present multiple magnetic phase transitions at low temperature. Except for the phase transition at low temperature region, the major phase transitions of the present series compounds are of second-ordered phase transitions (SOPTs). Around the magnetic phase transition temperatures at 91, 18 and 13.5 K for Gd 11 Ni 4 In 9 , Dy 11 Ni 4 In 9 and Ho 11 Ni 4 In 9 compounds, the values of peak magnetic entropy change (− Δ S M max) with magnetic flux density change Δ H = 0–7 T and the temperature averaged magnetic entropy change with 3 K lift are 3.58 and 3.55 J/kg-K, 6.02 and 5.94 J/kg-K, as well as 12.44 and 12.25 J/kg-K for Gd 11 Ni 4 In 9 , Dy 11 Ni 4 In 9 and Ho 11 Ni 4 In 9 compounds, respectively. The corresponding relative cooling power (refrigerant capacity) values are 269.0 (206.4), 194.9 (144.7), and 353.0 (269.2) J/kg, respectively. • The RE 11 Ni 4 In 9 (RE = Gd, Dy and Ho) intermetallic compounds are fabricated. • Magnetic properties and MCE in RE 11 Ni 4 In 9 amorphous ribbon were studied. • Considerable MCE parameters were observed at low temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The quaternary RE Cr 2 Si 2 C (RE = Gd, Tb, Dy) compounds are fabricated. • The structural, magnetic, MTP and MC properties in RE Cr 2 Si 2 C were studied. • The GdCr 2 Si 2 C compound is considerable for cryogenic magnetic refrigeration. The rare earths (RE) based materials with large reversible magnetocaloric effects have been recently recognized as good candidates for practical cryogenic magnetic refrigeration. In this work, three RE -based quaternary silicon carbides of RE Cr 2 Si 2 C (RE = Gd, Tb, Dy) were synthesized and determined the crystal structure, magnetic properties, magnetic phase transition, and magnetocaloric performances. All RE Cr 2 Si 2 C compounds are crystallized in the carbon-filled CeMg 2 Si 2 -type crystal structure and revealed a second-order magnetic phase transition from ferromagnetic to paramagnetic without noticeable field or thermal hysteresis around the Curie temperatures (~10.9 K for GdCr 2 Si 2 C, ~16.6 K for TbCr 2 Si 2 C, and ~10.7 K for DyCr 2 Si 2 C). The magnetocaloric parameters including the maximum magnetic entropy change, temperature-averaged entropy changes with 3 K lift, as well as refrigerant capacity/relative cooling power are applied to determine the magnetocaloric performances, and the evaluated values are 21.7, 14.6 and 9.8 J/kgK, 20.97, 14.51, and 9.73 J/kgK, as well as 248.3/328.8, 302.8/393.8, and 211.3/274.9 J/kg for GdCr 2 Si 2 C, TbCr 2 Si 2 C, and DyCr 2 Si 2 C under the field change of 0–50 kOe. These results indicate that the GdCr 2 Si 2 C possesses promising magnetocaloric performances and is considerable for cryogenic magnetic refrigeration application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]