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This article examines the 1960 U.S. Presidential campaign when Democratic candidate John Kennedy emphasized African issues in order to win over African-Americans. Many historians credit Kennedy's narrow victory to his efforts with this demographic. However, the author contends it has been incorrectly attributed. He suggests Kennedy made Africa a priority during the campaign. Many African countries achieved independence that year and Kennedy wanted to show support for this type of nationalism and encourage them to be open and democratic.

This article examines the early career of former U.S. Senator Barry Goldwater of Arizona. Goldwater wrote an influential book of conservative ideology in 1960 called "The Conscience of a Conservative." His legacy has changed over time and his emphasis on libertarianism is at odds with contemporary religious conservatism. Goldwater emphasized his distrust of organized labor to build a movement against the policies of the New Deal. Goldwater framed his message as one of individualism, where the solidarity preached by unions became un-American.

Presents information on best selling articles during the 1940s that focused on Catholicism, with reference to Paul Blanshard's book `American Freedom and Catholic Power.' Information on other journals which focused on this topic; Indepth look at Professor John Dewey's perceptions of Blanshard's journal; Discussion on Catholicism from 1928-1960.

An essay on the field of the history of conservatism in the U.S. is presented, focusing on histories of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries written since the 1990s. It examines conservatives' anticommunism and opposition to civil rights and comments on the role of women. The author explores studies written from the frameworks of economic history, intellectual history, and suburban studies. Questions of conservatism's origins and legacies are also considered.

An essay is presented in response to the essay "Conservatism: A State of the Field," by Kim Phillips-Fein, published elsewhere in the issue. It analyzes Phillips-Fein's examination of the field of the history of U.S. conservatism and its historiography. The author comments on the study of transnational aspects of conservatism. He also discusses the origins of modern conservatism, reflecting on antistatism and opposition to the U.S. New Deal. Conservative religiosity is also considered.

An essay is presented in response to the essay "Conservatism: A State of the Field," by Kim Phillips-Fein, published elsewhere in the issue. It analyzes Phillips-Fein's examination of the field of the history of U.S. conservatism and its historiography. The author comments on the definition of “conservative" and the notion of “limited government.” He also discusses the ways in which liberalism and conservatism have changed over time.

The article presents a speech by David A. Hollinger, Preston Hotchkis Professor of History at the University of California, Berkeley, delivered to the Organization of American Historians on March 19, 2011 in Houston, Texas. It focuses on ecumenical Protestantism and diversity in the U.S. in the mid-twentieth century. Topics include a decline in Protestant church membership, the split between ecumenical and evangelical Protestants, and Protestant anti-racism.

The article presents an exploration into the mid-20th century "culture-and-personality" school of social science, which advocated a social constructionist view of personal development against the prevailing biological perspective of the period. Details are given outlining how the school of thought addressed concepts of racial and sexual differences in society, highlighting their juxtaposition of cultural relativist and psychoanalytical perspectives of pluralistic behavior. Conclusions are offered noting to the impact of the intellectual movement as a replacement for eugenic thought and an advocate for social change through child rearing.

The article presents an exploration into the black power movement of the 1960s, its impact and significance on 20th century U.S. social history, and the state of scholastic interest on the subject in the early 21st century. Discussion is given reviewing the historiography of the African American civil rights movement and noting increasing attention to black power as a distinct and central element of the movement rather than as a fringe aspect of it. A review of works by several historians who have contributed to the study of the movement is also given, including Clayborne Carson, Timothy Tyson, and William L. Van Deburg.

The article examines the relocation of the Alexander Smith Carpet Company from Yonkers, New York to Greenville, Mississippi in the early 1950s as an example of how the states' rights movement in the U.S. South in the post-World War II era had economic as well as racial implications. White southerners advocated states' rights as a way to block federal interference with racial segregation policies, but article shows that northern industrialists also saw business opportunities in states less friendly to organized labor.

The article examines the influence of pioneering sex researcher Alfred C. Kinsey on the thinking of U.S. religious leaders about sexual issues following publication of his most famous works, "Sexual Behavior in the Human Male" (1948) and "Sexual Behavior in the Human Female" (1953). Though Kinsey was reviled by Christian conservatives, the article discusses his correspondence with liberal Protestant leaders, who continued a more open discussion of sexuality in the wake of Kinsey's work. The effect on the "culture wars" of the late 20th century is discussed.

The article discusses efforts by U.S. public employees to unionize in the 1970s and its effect on the broader labor movement. The article describes how public employees in the 1970s were hoping to reproduce the successes of the private sector labor movement in the 1930s, which included the passage of legislation similar to the 1935 Wagner Act (National Labor Relations Act). The article explains how the failure of public employees to successfully lobby for pro-labor legislation negatively affected the private sector labor movement in the U.S. and helps explain the rise of conservatism. Details are provided regarding the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO), the American Federation of Teachers (AFT), and the effects of the New Deal on conservatism.

Focuses on racial ideologies in the twentieth-century America. Decline and fall of scientific racism to an understanding of modernist racial ideology; Legacy of racialism and the `Kirby' case; Culturalist challenge to racialism.

Focuses on politics in the New Deal era in Detroit, Michigan. Migration of southern blacks; Race and housing issues; Draft uprisings; Racial tensions; Economic dislocations; Militancy; Racial demography of Detroit; Protection of segregated neighborhoods; Reaction against liberalism.

Focuses on Walt Disney's contribution in modern American culture of the twentieth century. Disney's efforts to illustrates the influence of artistic modernism; Disney's persuasion in filmmaking and politics; Enthusiastic embrace of Disney's creations to many Americans.

Focuses on the historical perspective of the contemporary banking crisis in the United States. Creation of the Federal Reserve System to solve some of the problems responsible for the intermittent cycles of economic performance during the half century after the Civil War; Movement for regulatory reform; Elimination of Regulation Q; Problems with the structure of deposit insurance.

Looks at the middle-class popular discourse on women by surveying mass-circulation monthly magazines of the post-war era (1946-1958). Use of a sample of nonfiction articles to provide a portrait of postwar culture; Betty Friedan's `Feminine Mystique'; Domestic ideals and individual achievement of a woman; Different versions of history because of different sources.

Examines the successful opposition to the establishment of a federal department of education as a means of analyzing the pervasive antistate sentiment in the United States in the 1920s. Antistatism's hampering of educational reform during that decade; Deepening of an already potent tradition of hostility to federal power; History behind developing a federal department of education; Role of the National Endowment for the Arts, Masonry, the Ku Klux Klan and other groups.

Honors Frederick Douglass, the nineteenth century's most prominent African American intellectual, during the twentieth anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation in January 1883. Personalities that took part in the celebration; Information on the formal remarks of Douglass in the banquet; Interpretation of Douglass on Civil Rights.