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Start Over Descriptor "Ileal mucosa" Journal journal of animal science
3 results on '"Ileal mucosa"'

1. Effects of capsicum oleoresin, garlic botanical, and turmeric oleoresin on gene expression profile of ileal mucosa in weaned pigs.

Author

Liu, Y., Song, M., Che, T. M., Bravo, D., Maddox, C. W., and Pettigrew, J. E.

Subjects
*SWINE nutrition, *PLANT extracts, *NUTRITIONAL value of feeds, *GENE expression in mammals, *DIARRHEA, *PREVENTION, *SWINE
Abstract

This study was conducted to characterize the effects of feeding 3 plant extracts on gene expression in ileal mucosa of weaned pigs. Weaned pigs (n = 32, 6.3 ± 0.2 kg BW, and 21 d old) were housed in individual pens for 9 d and fed 4 different diets: a nursery basal diet as control diet, basal diet supplemented with 10 mg/kg of capsicum oleoresin, garlic botanical, or turmeric oleoresin. Results reported elsewhere showed that the plant extracts reduced diarrhea and increased growth rate of weaning pigs. Total RNA (4 pigs/treatment) was extracted from ileal mucosa of pigs at d 9. Double-stranded cDNA was amplified, labeled, and further hybridized to the microarray. Microarray data were analyzed in R using packages from the Bioconductor project. Differential gene expression was tested by fitting a mixed linear model equivalent to ANOVA using the limma package. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted by DAVID Bioinfonnatics Resources. Three pairwise comparisons were used to compare each plant extract diet with the control diet. Quantitative real time PCR was applied to verify the mRNA expression detected by microarray. Compared with the control diet, feeding capsicum oleoresin altered (P < 0.05) the expression of 490 genes (280 up, 210 down), and feeding garlic botanical altered (P < 0.05) the expression of 64 genes (33 up, 31 down), while feeding turmeric oleoresin altered (P < 0.05) the expression of 327 genes (232 up, 95 down). Compared with the control diet, feeding capsicum oleoresin and turmeric oleoresin increased [Expression Analysis Systematic Explorer (EASE) < 0.05] the expression of genes related to integrity of membranes and tight junctions, indicating enhanced gut mucosa health, but decreased (EASE < 0.05) the cell cycle pathway. Feeding each of the 3 plant extracts enhanced (EASE < 0.05) the expression of genes associated with immune responses, indicating that feeding these plant extracts may stimulate the immune responses of pigs in the normal conditions. In conclusion, plant extracts regulated the expression of genes in ileal mucosa of pigs, perhaps providing benefits by enhancing the gut mucosa health and stimulating the immune system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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2. Ileal mucosa and digesta associated microbiota of starter pigs and changes linked to time postweaning and dietary interventions1

Author

D. Lepp, Joshua Gong, Hai Yu, Crystal L Levesque, C. F. M. de Lange, and S. Hooda

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Chlortetracycline, medicine.drug_class, 030106 microbiology, Antibiotics, General Medicine, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, Starter, Immune system, Genetics, medicine, Animal Science and Zoology, Food science, Food Science, Ileal mucosa, medicine.drug
Published
2016
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3. Ileal mucosa-associated—but not ileal digesta—bacterial profiles in grower pigs are influenced by nutrition and use of antibiotics for weaner pigs1

Author

Joshua Gong, Hai Yu, C. F. M. de Lange, and Crystal L Levesque

Subjects
Chlortetracycline, medicine.drug_class, Antibiotics, General Medicine, Biology, 16S ribosomal RNA, biology.organism_classification, Low complexity, Animal science, Genetics, medicine, Animal Science and Zoology, Weaner pigs, Temperature gradient gel electrophoresis, Bacteria, Food Science, medicine.drug, Ileal mucosa
Abstract

A longitudinal study was conducted in pigs to evaluate the effect of nutrition and use of antibiotics for weaner pigs on ileal bacterial microbiota. Forty-eight pigs were weaned at 21 ± 2 d of age and fed a high complexity diet (High) or low complexity diet (Low) with chlortetracycline (A+) or without chlortetracycline (A-) for 6 wk. All pigs received the same grower diet thereafter. Pigs were killed at week 2, 4, and 8 and ileal digesta as well as a 40-cm section of the distal ileum were taken for extraction of digesta and mucosa-associated bacteria, respectively. Total DNA was extracted using a commercially available kit and PCR amplicons were generated using HDA1-GC and HDA2 primers against the V3 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of PCR amplicons was used for separation of distinct bacteria communities. Similarities of PCR-DGGE profiles were analyzed with Bionumerics software and the degree of similarity represented by a similarity coefficient. The DNA bands were compared using a positional tolerance of 0.5%. In the digesta, HighA-, LowA+, and LowA- were 47.6, 63.6, and 58.8% similar, respectively, at week 2 and 64.0, 69.2, and 66.7% similar, respectively, at week 4. Digesta bacteria were 90.9 (HighA-) and 85.7% (LowA-) similar to HighA+ at week 8 but due to a smiling edge of the DGGE gel, the profile for LowA+ was deemed inappropriate for similarity analysis. In the mucosa, HighA-, LowA+, and LowA- were 58.8, 80.0 and 44.4% similar, respectively, compared to HighA+ at week 2; 81.5, 75.0, and 88.9% similar, respectively, at week 4; and 81.8, 76.2, and 78.3% similar, respectively, at week 8. The bacterial profile was more similar between weeks 2 and 4 in the digesta than in the mucosa but more similar between weeks 4 and 8 in the mucosa than in the digesta. Postweaning nutrition may have a long-term effect on ileal mucosa-associated--but not ileal digesta--microbiota profiles.

Published
2012
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