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Heterosis over better parents was estimated in thirty crosses of China aster involving six lines viz., Matsumoto Pink, Matsumoto Red, Matsumoto Rose, Matsumoto Yellow, Matsumoto Scarlet and Matsumoto White and five testers viz., Phule Ganesh Violet, Phule Ganesh Purple, IIHRJ3-2, IIHRG13 and Local White during 2016-17 at ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru during 2016-17. Results revealed that the cross L6 × T5 exhibited highest positive significant heterobeltiosis at 5% level of significance for plant height (33.85), flower stalk length (73.76), number of flowers per plant (101.18), weight of flowers per plant (47.90) and flower yield per hectare (47.91). The cross L1 x T3 exhibited maximum negative heterobeltiosis for days to first flowering (-47.41). L5 x T4 recorded the maximum positive heterobeltiosis (at 5%) for flower head diameter (26.44) and 100 flower weight (3.41). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study was conducted at Vegetable Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Institute of Agriculture Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi during Spring-Summer and Rainy season of 2012 and 2013 using 12 diverse parental lines of okra and their 66 F1 hybrids (through diallel cross-excluding reciprocals) with the objective to measure the extent of heterosis over better parent and standard commercial check varieties for the purpose of judging the extent up to which heterosis can be exploited in commercial okra breeding. The extent of heterosis for five best crosses over better parent and check (48.32 % to 82.42 % and 7.13 % to 35.66 %, respectively) for yield per hectare suggested the great scope of realizing higher yield in okra through heterosis breeding. Other economic traits also recorded moderate to high level of heterosis over the better parents. The cross combination IC - 282280×EC - 329380showed high heterosis over better parent and standard check for pod yield (82.42 % and 35.66 %), number of pods per plant (62.82 % and 48.54 %) and respectively. This particular cross combination eventually resulted the height magnitude of heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis for the most of the desirable growth parameters as well as yield attributing characters which may be taken for further breeding programme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present investigation was carried out to assess the expression of per se performance and heterotic effect for fibre quality and seed oil content besides seed cotton yield, studied involving ten desi cotton (Gossipium arboreum and G. herbaceaum) genotypes and their 45 cross combinations in half diallel analysis. F-1 hybrids GBhv-282×G 27 (67.36%), GBhv-287 × 824 (58.14%), GBhv-282 × GAM-173 (35.00%), GBhv-286 × G 27 (20.50%), and GBhv-283 × 824 (18.75%) recorded highest per se performance and significant positive standard heterosis while the maximum heterobeltiosis for seed cotton yield per plant was exhibited by the hybrid GBhv-287×824 (155.60 %) followed by GBhv-282×G 27 (151.29%) and GBhv-282×GAM-173 (130.30%). Similar trend of heterosis for numbers of boll per plant were observed in above hybrids. For fibre quality traits none of the cross showed consistent high performance for all the characters. Cross GBhv-283×824 was exhibited high standard heterosis for 2.5 % span length, fibre strength, fibre elongation percentage as well as for short fibre index (SFI) while cross GBhv-286×824 were promising for 2.5 per cent span length, fibre strength and fibre fineness. In case of oil content intraarboreum crosses resulted as better crosses and among them cross combination 824×GAM-173 was best. Desi cotton hybrids are having lower fibre quality and yield. So, improvement for yield and fibre quality of diploid native varieties through heterosis breeding provided better hybrids for rainfed farming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]