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A new type of fluorophosphate glasses with high thulium doping concentration is examined and the intensive 1.8 [micro]m fluorescence is shown with lower concentration quenching. Raman spectroscopy has shown that the glass structure will be changed when adding [Tm.sup.3+] ions into fluorophosphate glasses.

The article presents comparative studies of the temperature-dependent spectroscopic properties of germanate, silica, and phosphate glasses that are doped by thulium, [Tm.sup.3+]. These glasses are shown to be widely used in the fiber dlasers that are used in the eye-safe wavelength region.

A spectroscopic analysis is performed on trivalent erbium ions Er(super 3+), doped into calcium fluorophosphate (FAP) to assess the material for its potential as a near-infrared laser host. The Judd-Ofelt model is applied to the orientation-averaged, room-temperature absorption intensities of Er(super 3+) in FAP to obtain the phenomenological intensity parameters.

A spectroscopic Judd-Ofelt investigation was performed on Er(super 3+) in the doubly doped phosphate glass: Er(super 3+), Yb(super 3+) to assess the potential of Er(super 3+) as a laser system. It could be concluded that the phosphate glass: Er(super 3+), Yb(super 3+) is an excellent contender for Q-switched eye safe laser at 1.54 (micron)m and can be efficiently pumped at 980 nm using a powerful diode.

A series of niobate-phosphate and niobate-silicate glasses doped with Eu(super 3+) ions were prepared. The emissions, phonon-side band spectra and fluorescence lifetimes of these glasses were studied.