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In this paper, we present an achievable gradient refractive index in bi-continuous holographic structures that are formed through five-beam interference. We further present a theoretic approach for the realization of gradient index devices by engineering the phases of the interfering beams with a pixelated spatial light modulator. As an example, the design concept of a gradient index Luneburg lens is verified through full-wave electromagnetic simulations. These five beams with desired phases can be generated through programming gray level super-cells in a diffractive spatial light modulator. As a proof-of-concept, gradient index structures are demonstrated using synthesized and gradient phase patterns displayed in the spatial light modulator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose a novel design of broadband monopole optical nano-antennas. It is consisted of a corrugated half elliptical patch inside an elliptical aperture. By adjusting the dimensions of the elliptical patch and the elliptical aperture, the overall performance of the proposed monopole nano-antenna can be made remarkable broadband. Full wave electromagnetic simulations have been used to investigate the effects of different parameters on the nano-antenna performance. Moreover, the proposed broadband nano-antenna can support light waves with different polarizations. It is expected that the new optical antenna will pave the way towards the development of high performance optical antennas and optical systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gradient index (GRIN) structures have attracted great interests since their invention. Especially, the recent advance in the fields of transformation optics, plasmonics, and nanofabrication techniques has opened new directions for the applications of GRIN structures in nano-photonic devices. In this paper, we apply Luneburg lens and its transformed counterpart to realize efficient coupling to plasmonic nano-waveguides. We first briefly present the general structures of Luneburg lens and generalized Luneburg lens, as well as the design process of flattened Luneburg lens applying quasi-conformal mapping techniques. After that, we study the performance of these lenses for coupling electromagnetic signals to nano-waveguides (the metal-insulator-metal nano-waveguide). Different coupling schemes are investigated. It is found that the proposed Luneburg lens based optical couplers can be used to provide broadband light couplings to plasmonic nano-waveguides under wide incident angles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]