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Black pine bast scale, Matsucoccus thunbergianae spreads rapidly to northern and eastern coastal regions and caused serious damage to black pine trees, Pinus thunbergii. To monitor accurate occurrence with the sex pheromone of M. thunbergianae, we synthesized racemic matsuone [(2E,4E,6R)-4,6,10,12-tetramethyltrideca-2,4-dien-7-one] and evaluated its attractiveness with two types of stick traps in Namhae, Sacheon, and Jinju. Two-sided sticky traps baited with the sex pheromone attracted significantly more male M. thunbergianae in Namhae in 2013. Eight-sided sticky traps baited with 50 μg racemic matsuone attracted significantly more males M. thunbergianae than did control traps at Namhae and Sacheon in 2014. The result was confirmed through a field bioassay performed at Jinju in 2015. Our results suggest that the newly developed eight-sided stick pheromone traps could supply more accurate but also easier to apply monitoring data than the traditional egg sac survey method for M. thunbergianae.

Oak wilt disease caused by a symbiotic fungus of ambrosia beetles is a serious problem in oak forest in Asian countries, with the potential to become a great threat to oak forests worldwide. In this study, we developed a control method, consisting of collection devices attached directly to infested host trees, for mass trapping of emerging ambrosia beetles. Effectiveness of the device was evaluated in terms of the retention fluid used in collection bottles, and the position of the bottles along the host trunk. A total of 87,081 ambrosia beetles were captured from 23 oak trees (Quercus mongolica). More beetles were captured in collection bottles installed at low positions of oak stems, compared to collection bottles located at the middle and upper positions (30, 90, 150 cm above ground). We analyzed the effect of ethanol and water on beetle capture, determining that bottle position was more important than the contents of the collection bottle. There was no statistical difference between catches with ethanol vs water. There was a positive relationship between host DBH (diameter at breast height) and the number of captured beetles. Our mass trapping device proved to be very effective for capturing emerging ambrosia beetles from damaged oak trees in field tests. This new device could be useful in managing the population of ambrosia beetles, and has the potential to reduce the spread of oak wilt disease in oak forests.

Four new species of Lonchaeidae are described from South Korea namely Lonchaea baekje sp. nov., Lonchaea bicercosa sp. nov., Lonchaea goguryeo sp. nov. and Lonchaea silla sp. nov. A further two species Dasiops calvus Morge, 1959, and Lonchaea krivosheinae Kovalev 1973 are reported from South Korea for the first time. Notes are provided on the previously known species, a checklist and key to species are provided with illustrations of all the male genitalia. This brings the number of Lonchaeidae species recorded to eight in three genera.

The box tree pyralid, Glyphodes perspectalis, is the most destructive pest of the box tree in Korea and was recently introduced into Europe. The previously known as EAG active components of this moth, (Z)-11-hexadecenal (Z11-16:Ald), (E)-11-hexadecenal (E11-16:Ald), and (Z)-11-hexadecenol (Z11-16:OH) have been detected from the extracts of female abdomen. The ratios of these three compounds identified in female moth were 5.2:1:0.2 in 2010 and 6.5:1:0.2 in 2011. During field bioassays, it was found that the male moths were not attracted to Z11-16:Ald or E11-16:Ald when used alone; however, they were attracted to a mixture of the above. The most effective ratios of Z11-16:Ald to E11-16:Ald were 5:1 and 7:1. A small amount of Z11-16:OH inhibited male moth attraction in field bioassays. Further, a uni-trap was found to be more effective in catching the moth than delta and wing traps were. In field bioassays using 2 different types of lures, significantly more male G. perspectalis were caught to film-type lures (50.5 ± 4.4/trap) than those to rubber septum lures (35.8 ± 5.2/trap).

An unknown larva of enormous size was found from Carpinus laxiflora in the Gwangneung forest and identified by using a barcode gene. It was a larva of Callipogon relictus Semenov, a natural monument of Korea, at an undetermined instar. Based on the result, we provide the larval morphological description of this particular instar, with the illustrations and biometric measurement data of diagnostic characters.

Larvicidal activities of Amyris balsamifera, Daucus carota, and Pogostemon cablin essential oils were tested against Culex pipiens pallens. All three oils showed 100% larvicidal activity against C. pipiens pallens at 0.1 mg/mL. Among the tested oils, the larvicidal activity of D. carota oil was the strongest followed by P. cablin and A. balsamifera. Four active compounds such as β-eudesmol, elemol, patchoulol, and carotol were isolated from the three oils by open column chromatography. These compounds showed > 90% mortality against C. pipiens pallens at 0.1 mg/mL. In acute toxicity testing of the water flea, Daphnia magna, P. cablin oil was the most toxic followed by A. balsamifera, and D. carota. Among the isolated compounds, carotol was the most toxic to water fleas. The residues of P. cablin, A. balsamifera, and D. carota in water were 67.8%, 59.5%, and 51.2% at 2 days after treatment, respectively. High concentrations of elemol and patchoulol were detected 2 days after treatment compared to those of β-eudesmol and elemol. Whole oils and compounds tested were detected at

We report a zygaenid moth, Artona martini Efetov 1997, for the first time from Korea. Photographs of adult and genitalia are provided with brief comments on the distribution and host plants.

A total of 103 barcode (mitochondrial COI) sequences were newly provided for 77 forest insect pests from 66 genera belonging to Coleoptera, Hemiptera, and Lepidoptera. All 77 species had distinct COI sequences, revealing low intraspecific genetic divergence ( 7.30%). Among the 66 genera, 32 COI sequences of 25 species belonging to 16 genera were compared with 280 COI sequences of 117 species belonging to the same 16 genera archived in GenBank, showing that most species were clearly distinguished by barcode sequences. Based on these results, we conclude that a DNA barcode is effective for identifying forest insect pest species.

The toxicities of methanol extracts from 28 medicinal plant species to early 4th instar larvae of Aedes aegypti, Ochlerotatus togoi {Aedes togoi), and Culex pipiens pollens were determined in the laboratory. Responses varied according to plant and mosquito species. At a concentration of 100 ppm, >90% mortality of the three species was obtained with the extracts of Cinnamomum cassia bark, Illicium verum fruit, Piper nigrum fruit, Zanthoxylum piperitum fruit, and Kaempferia galanga rhizome. P. nigrum fruit extract gave 100% mortality of larvae of Ae. aegypti and O. togoi at 5 ppm and 96% mortality of larvae of C. pipiens pallens at 2.5 ppm. Z. piperitum fruit extract gave 85, 100, and 48% mortality in larvae of Ae. aegypti, O. togoi, and Cx. pipiens pallens at 10 ppm, respectively. The plants described merit further study as potential mosquito larval control agents.

Anastatus sp. (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae) is reported as the first chalcidoid wasp which parasitizes eggs of Lycorma delicatula, an invasive species spreading rapidly in South Korea. The wasp appears to be a solitary endoparasitoid. The present paper also describes its oviposition and host feeding behaviour.

Climate change, especially winter temperature increase, may be a factor the recent occurrence and range expansion of Lycorma delicatula (White) in South Korea. Egg mortality increased as minimum winter temperature decreased. Egg mortality was highest (93.32%) in Chuncheon, where the mean minimum winter temperature was lowest. The temperature that induced complete mortality of fulgorid eggs was estimated to be −3.44 °C on the basis of mean daily temperatures from December 2009 to February 2010 and −12.72 °C on the basis of mean daily minimum temperatures in January 2010. Mean winter temperatures during the last 30 years have gradually increased to above the temperature for 100% mortality of the fulgorid egg. This suggests that the winter temperature increase may contribute to the successful settlement of the fulgorid in South Korea and its subsequent outbreak and expansion.

The toxicity of 40 medicinal plant extracts to larvae of 2 important mushroom pests (Lycoriella ingenua Dufour and Coboldia fuscipes Meigen) was examined using a filter-paper residual contact + fumigant toxicity bioassay. Responses varied with insect and plant species used. Methanol extracts of Acanthopanax sessiliflorum cortex, Asarum sieboldii whole plant, Aster tataricus root, Carthamus tinctorius flower, Eugenia caryophillata flower bud, Illicium verum fruit, Leonurus japonicus whole plant, and Rehmannia glutinosa var. purpurea root caused 100% mortality in both L. ingenua and C. fuscipes larvae at 0.07 and 0.14 mg/cm2, respectively. These plants merit further study as potential insecticides for the control of L. ingenua and C. fuscipes.

An ichneumon species, Endasys liaoningensis Wang et al., is reported for the first time from Korea. Morphological characteristics of adults are redescribed with illustrations. In addition, the biological characteristics and their distributional ranges are discussed.