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Five solvent extracts (ethanol, petroleum ether, EtOAC, n-butanol, and water) from Fallopia convolvulus (L.) Love were separated and their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages were evaluated. Three new flavonoids, falloconvolin A (1), falloconvolin B (2), and quercetin-3-O-(2-E-sinapoxyl)-glucopyranoside (3), together with 17 known phenolic compounds, were isolated from the active EtOAC extract, and their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and literature data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four new alkaloids, named 1-(4'-methylpyridazin-5'-yl)butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (1), 3,9-dimethyl-5-nitropyrido[3,2,1-ij]quinazoline-1,7-dione (2), N,N-di(1-imine-propanyl)propionamidine (3), and 2,7-bis(isopropylimino)-2H,7H-dicyclopentacyclooctene-4,9-diol (4), were isolated from the rhizomes of Ligularia duciformis. Their structures were elucidated by spectral analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new flavonoid alkaloids, 8-(2''-pyrrolidinone-5''-yl)-quercetin (1) and 8-(2''-pyrrolidinone-5''-yl)-isorhamnetin (2), were isolated from the herb of Senecio argunensis. Their structures were elucidated by spectral analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]