1. Social and emotional characteristics of girls and young women with DDX3X-associated intellectual disability: a descriptive and comparative study
- Author
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Elise Ng-Cordell, Anna Kolesnik-Taylor, Sinéad O’Brien, Duncan Astle, Gaia Scerif, Kate Baker, Ng-Cordell, Elise [0000-0002-4747-8138], Kolesnik-Taylor, Anna [0000-0002-1395-0377], O'Brien, Sinéad [0000-0003-1556-4047], Astle, Duncan [0000-0002-7042-5392], Scerif, Gaia [0000-0002-6371-8875], Baker, Kate [0000-0003-2986-0584], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
- Subjects
DEAD-box RNA Helicases ,Autism Spectrum Disorder ,Autism ,Intellectual Disability ,Emotions ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,DDX3X ,Humans ,Female ,Anxiety ,Autistic Disorder ,Self-injurious behaviour - Abstract
DDX3X variants are a common cause of intellectual disability (ID) in females, and have been associated with autism spectrum disorder and emotional-behavioural difficulties. In this study, we compared phenotypic data for 23 females with DDX3X variants, to 23 females with ID and other genetic diagnoses. We found a wide range of adaptive, social and emotional function within the DDX3X group. Autism characteristics did not differ between DDX3X and comparison groups, while levels of anxiety and self-injurious behaviour (SIB) were significantly higher in the DDX3X group. Within the DDX3X group, adaptive function, autism characteristics, anxiety and SIB scores were positively correlated, with evidence for group-specific associations with SIB. Future work is warranted to explore the multilevel mechanisms contributing to social and emotional development in individuals with DDX3X variants.
- Published
- 2022