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Purpose: Retinoic acid inducible protein 3 (RAI3) has been suggested as prognostic biomarker in several cancer types. The present study aimed to examine the role of RAI3 expression in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). Methods: RAI3 protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in tissue microarray (TMA) sections from a retrospective cohort of more than 600 surgically resected NSCLCs and results were compared with clinicopathological features and follow-up data. Results: While membranous RAI3 immunostaining was always strong in benign lung, strong RAI3 staining was only detectable in 14.7% of 530 interpretable NSCLCs. Within NSCLC subtypes, immunostaining intensity for RAI3 was significantly decreased in large cell lung cancers (LCLCs) and squamous cell carcinomas (SQCCs) relative to lung adenocarcinomas (LUACs) (P < 0.0001 each). However, RAI3 staining was neither associated with pathological features of NSCLCs nor with survival of patients (P = 0.6915). Conclusion: Our study shows that RAI3 expression was not associated with clinical outcomes of NSCLC patients and cannot be considered as prognostic marker in lung cancer patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Aberrant expression of RNA-binding motif protein 3 (RBM3) has been suggested as a prognostic biomarker in several malignancies. Materials and methods: This study was performed to analyse the prevalence and clinical significance of RBM3 immunostaining in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). Therefore, we took advantage of our tissue microarray (TMA) containing more than 600 NSCLC specimens. Results: While nuclear RBM3 staining was always high in normal lung tissue, high RBM3 staining was only seen in 77.1% of 467 interpretable non-metastatic NSCLCs. Reduced RBM3 staining was significantly associated with advanced pathological tumor stage (pT) in NSCLCs (p = 0.0031). Subset analysis revealed that the association between reduced RBM3 staining and advanced pT stage was largely driven by the histological subgroup of lung adenocarcinoma (LUACs) (p = 0.0036). In addition, reduced RBM3 expression predicted shortened survival in LUAC patients (p = 0.0225). Conclusions: In summary, our study shows that loss of RBM3 expression predicts worse clinical outcome in LUAC patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study compared miRNA expression patterns in primary squamous cell lung carcinoma specimens with those of matched normal lung tissue in order to determine their potential relevance to clinicopathological factors and patient postoperative survival times. Methods: Locked nucleic acids miRNA microarray expression profiling was performed on four matched pairs of tissues. After microarray validation by quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays (qRT-PCR) (real-time PCR), miR-21 was selected for further TaqMan real-time PCR study in 30 matched tissue pairs. Results: Seven miRNAs of hsa-miR-21, hsa-miR-31, hsa-miR-34a, hsa-miR-22*, hsa-miR-504, hsa-miR-18a, and hsa-miR-412 were observed to be upregulated greater than twofold in the squamous cell lung carcinoma tissues compared with normal tissues, whereas 23 miRNAs of hsa-miR-30a, hsa-miR-30d, hsa-miR-126, hsa-miR-652, hsa-miR-100, hsa-miR-143, hsa-miR-130a, hsa-miR-145, hsa-miR-30e, hsa-miR-126*, hsa-miR-181a, hsa-miR-125b, hsa-miR-886-3p, hsa-miR-451, hsa-miR-29c, hsa-miR-26b, hsa-miR-101, hsa-miR-320, hsa-miR-30b, hsa-miR-886-5p, hsa-miR-29a, hsa-miR-26a, and hsa-miR-99a were found to be downregulated greater than twofold. MiR-21 was overexpressed in 73.3% of the squamous cell lung carcinoma specimens examined ( P = 0.022). The relationship between the miR-21 expression level and various clinicopathologic factors was also analyzed. High-level expression of miR-21 was significantly correlated with shortened survival time ( P = 0.022, log-rank test; Kaplan-Meier). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis revealed this significant prognostic impact ( P = 0.000; HR 1.293; 95% CI 1.123-1.489) to be independent of clinical disease stage ( P = 0.013; HR 2.660; 95% CI 1.229-5.758) and other clinicopathologic factors. Conclusions: Expression patterns of miRNAs were found to be systematically altered in squamous cell lung carcinoma tissue. High miR-21 expression is associated with shortened survival time, indicating that miR-21 may serve as a molecular diagnostic and prognostic marker for patients with squamous cell lung carcinoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The expression of the oncogenes c-fos, c-jun, c-myc, c-erbB-1 and c-erbB-2 at the protein level was analyzed in squamous cell lung carcinomas of 121 patients by means of immunohistochemistry. Patients with overexpression of proteins encoded by the oncogenes c-fos, c-jun and c-erbB-1 had significantly shorter survival times than these without overexpression of these oncogene products (c-fos: p=0.009; c-jun: p=0.029; c-erbB-1: p=0.018). No significant correlations were found between the expression of c-myc and c-erbB-2 products and the survival of the patients. In addition to the univariate analyses (Kaplan-Meier-estimates) multivariate analyses (Cox-regression-model) revealed that protein expression of the oncogenes c-fos, c-jun and c-erbB1 are significant prognostic factors in addition to staging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]