1. Impact of chronic treatment with red wine polyphenols (RWP) on cerebral arterioles in the spontaneous hypertensive rat
- Author
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Jeffrey Atkinson, Christine Capdeville-Atkinson, Caroline Perrin-Sarrado, Denyse Bagrel, Siu-Lung Chan, and Aurore Tabellion
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Antioxidant ,Endothelium ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Vasodilation ,Wine ,Rats, Inbred WKY ,Drug Administration Schedule ,Random Allocation ,Phenols ,Oral administration ,Internal medicine ,Rats, Inbred SHR ,medicine ,Animals ,Spontaneous hypertensive rat ,Stroke ,Glutathione Transferase ,Pharmacology ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Glutathione Peroxidase ,business.industry ,Glutathione peroxidase ,medicine.disease ,Adenosine ,Rats ,Arterioles ,Disease Models, Animal ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Anesthesia ,Cerebrovascular Circulation ,Hypertension ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Several reports suggest that consumption of red wine is associated with a lower risk of stroke. We investigated the chronic effect of red wine polyphenols (RWP) on the functional and structural characteristics of cerebral arterioles in chronic hypertension, which is an important risk factor of stroke. Spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) were treated with RWP extract (100 mg/kg/day in drinking water) for 10 weeks. We measured the effect of agonist- and hypotension-induced changes in internal diameter of cerebral arterioles using an open cranial window technique. Wall mechanical parameters were determined in deactivated cerebral arterioles. The activity of antioxidant enzymes in plasma was determined. Adenosine diphosphate-induced vasodilatation was decreased by 48% in SHR and normalized in SHR treated with RWP. RWP had no effect on hypotension-induced dilatation. RWP decreased the wall thickness/external diameter ratio by 13% and significantly shifted the stress-strain relationship of the arteriole wall to the left. There was a decrease in glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase after treatment of RWP in SHR. In summary, chronic oral administration of RWP to SHR improved endothelium-dependent dilatation, normalized wall stress and diameter, and altered the systemic antioxidant state. These effects of RWP could be useful in the prevention of stroke in hypertensive patients.
- Published
- 2008