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Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) are usually complex mixtures and contain hundreds of chemically different constituents, which make the quality control (QC) of crude drugs and their medical preparations extremely difficult. In the past years, with the rapid development of modern instrumental analysis and computer-aided data processing techniques, great progress has been made in the research of quality standards and the development of QC techniques. Among them, the use of the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique is one of the best approaches because of its high separation efficiency. However, one-way separation, single detection methods or data processing cannot meet the needs of the QC of TCMs. Multidimensional information-based HPLC technologies such as two-dimensional HPLC, HPLC coupled with several different detection methods and HPLC fingerprint combined with multicomponent quantification have solved this problem with their comprehensive analysis; these methods have gradually been accepted by more researchers for further in-depth study. The present work provides an overview of the development of QC for TCMs based on HPLC technologies with modern hyphenated techniques, multiseparation methods and some common data processing methods in fingerprint spectra over the last six years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]