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Aside from attracting tourists, there has been an increased interest in marketing to tourists who behave more sustainably as this can contribute to both a higher yield and overarching Sustainable Development Goals. This study investigates the contribution that intermediaries and the use of social marketing have on the sustainable attitudes and behaviour of Canadian tourists. Given their roles within the travel industry, examining the influence intermediaries might have on sustainable travel behaviour is an important objective. This paper applies both the Knowledge, Attitude, Behaviour (KAB) Theory and Social Marketing Theory (SMT) through a survey of 1003 Canadian holiday travellers. A quantitative study using exploratory factor analysis, correlations and regression are applied to reduce the data to manageable variables and to test their inter-relationship and effects on the travellers' sustainable behaviour. In doing so, a contribution to theory has been made through the identification of a more complex KAB paradigm and the usefulness of combining both theories. It was also found that using intermediaries and their social marketing platforms, such as local tourist destination websites, social media, and travel agencies, was a statistically significant contributor to more sustainable behaviour. The findings of this study address the gap in the literature related to combining SMT with the sustainable knowledge-attitude-behaviour paradigm and the lack of Canadian context in this regard. With sustainability behaviour by Canadian leisure travellers lacking and only one in two travellers having knowledge and attitudes for more-sustainable behaviour, the principal practical implication arising from this research is the need for intermediaries to enhance the promotion of sustainable travel behaviour within their social marketing strategies. [Display omitted] • Addresses theory on sustainable knowledge, attitude and behaviour. • Discusses Social Marketing Theory and its use in promoting sustainable behaviour. • Intermediaries can positively influence sustainable travel behaviour. • Confirms knowledge and attitude as predictors of sustainable travel behaviour. • Local tourism websites and social media have the most significant influence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The significant e-waste generation in the Americas represents an important opportunity to implement waste recovery systems under the Circular Economy model. This paper conducts an exploratory analysis about the e-waste management at different scales (economic blocs and country levels) in the American continent, emphasizing generation patterns, e-waste fluxes and the regulation frameworks in Brazil and Canada in order to identify how the e-waste management options are driven by specific legal, economic, and environmental criteria. The methodology includes a review of literature covering information and indicators for both quantitative and qualitative analysis and comparison between selected countries regarding positive and negative aspects of e-waste management systems in each jurisdiction. The finds suggest that although Brazil and Canada have differentiated scope of regulation, both ratified the Basel Convention, have an action agenda that seeks to prioritize the management of hazardous substances, as well as lack of harmonized regulation, low control of the e-waste illegal trade and traceability. The identification of e-waste flows and comparison of economic blocs and countries is a still little explored theme and emphasizes the need for adequate legal measures to implement circular economy strategies to avoid impacts and enhance the value recovery of these materials in the production chain. Doing so could support harmonized regulation, new business models and increase sustainability levels for citizens through solutions that integrate policies and practices between and within economic blocs. [Display omitted] • The Americas play an important role for the e-waste management in volume and potential trade routes. • E-waste generation and GDP are directly correlated in MERCOSUR and NAFTA countries. • USA has a different pattern from NAFTA countries and Mexico has a similar pattern to South America. • Brazil and Canada have low e-waste collection and recycling rates, besides illegal e-waste trades, even as Basel Convention parties. • Upstream impacts can be mitigated by e-waste material recovery and efficient circular flows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Situated within the broader climate justice movement, the fossil fuel divestment movement calls for both public and private divestment of financial holdings from fossil fuel companies. This paper examines the extent of fossil fuel divestment campaigns at higher education institutions across Canada, examining key actions and tactics through which campaigns are initiated and mobilized, as led by students, faculty, alumni, and climate justice organizations. Findings indicate that out of 220 accredited Canadian universities and colleges, there are 38 active divestment campaigns and 6 institutions that have committed to varying degrees of divestment. Tactics used in these campaigns include signing of petitions, sit-ins, rallies, and protests, facilitated through face-to-face and online platforms. Findings revealed significant borrowing of actions and tactics among campaign actors, including the use of branding and messaging from international environmental organizations, such as 350.org. This research contributes to scholarly knowledge on how higher education divestment movements and related campaigns for institutional change can influence how sustainability and climate change are addressed. Actors can build on this knowledge to develop sustained collaborative systems to address current and future challenges across institutions and in society at large. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]