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Abstract The ventilation effect in different places in the teaching building is different. The aim of this paper is to study the relative ventilation relationship of the rooms in "line" type middle school teaching building. Taking Xiamen in the subtropical region as a typical city, a number of parameters such as the inside and outside corridors, different room sizes and different ventilation angles were set as variables, using the CFD simulation method. Combined and separated effects of the defined parameters on natural ventilation performance are evaluated using the ratio of air-age area as criteria. The result shows that the "line" type teaching building with outside corridor ventilation is 35.55% better than the inside corridor. In addition, the ventilation in large room is 30.84% better than that in small rooms. In 0°–35° wind direction, the closer the room to the incident wind the better in ventilation, but in a certain angle range of 59°–90°, the room farther away from the incident wind, the better in ventilation. The best wind angle of "line" teaching building ventilation is 305°–55°. The research results in this paper can help architects to design buildings more scientifically and reasonably. Highlights • "Line" type teaching building should adopt outside corridor form, it is conducive to ventilation in subtropical area. • The outside corridor ventilation effect is 35.55% better than the inside corridor. • Large room is suitable for laboratory and small room is suitable for temporary lounge cause ventilation feature. • The ventilation effect of the classrooms is related to the wind direction and classroom positions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]